Search results for "Status"
showing 10 items of 2571 documents
Cultural Background and Second Language Acquisition
1988
Abstract Knubb‐Manninen, G. 1988. Cultural Background and Second Language Acquisition. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 32, 93‐100. The article examines – on the basis of a research study carried out in Swedish‐speaking schools in Finland – the significance that cultural conditions, such as gender and social background, have for second language learning. A model with gender and social background serving as the exogenous factors, school learning capacity and language use as the intervening variables, and proficiency in Finnish (second language) as a dependent variable was tested by means of the Lisrel method. The findings indicate that social background influences the learning of…
Nutrition, public health politics and dietary tools
2020
Abstract In order to ensure a good status of health through the diet, it is necessary to follow nutritional objectives that have been established according to the nutritional policies of each country. However, nutritional objectives will differ according to the specific population group and it would be necessary to have tools to estimate the nutritional status, anthropometrics, biochemical parameters, clinical examination, and dietary assessment being the main tools that are used. Dietary assessment tools are related to an appraisal of food and nutrient consumption as well as the dietary pattern of particular groups of people during a special period. Therefore this chapter aims to discuss t…
Child personality characteristics and selection into long-term unemployment in Finnish and Swedish longitudinal samples
2003
The main aim of the present study was to test a model of selection into long-term unemployment obtained for a sample of 36-year-old Finns (Kokko, Pulkkinen, & Puustinen, 2000) to see whether it similarly explained long-term unemployment among 26- to 27-year-old Finns and Swedes. The participants were drawn from two ongoing longitudinal studies: the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (conducted in Finland) and the Individual Development and Adaptation study (conducted in Sweden). At both ages, that is 36 and 26–27, low education was related to long-term unemployment, and explained by personality characteristics in middle childhood, such as low self-contro…
Social Reaction Styles, Interpersonal Behaviours and Person Perception: A Multi-Informant Approach
1999
Social strategies and reaction styles have been suggested to play an important role in initiating social relationships and in satisfaction with them. In order to investigate whether they are directly associated with popularity, unpopularity, lone-liness and evaluations about the social climate, or whether their impact is mediated by interpersonal behaviours and person perception, 92 students were asked to complete questionnaires measuring their social reaction styles, their lone-liness, the social climate in the class and their sociometric status. They also rated the behaviour of seven of their classmates, and these ratings were used as indices of social behaviour and person perception. Th…
Modeling the Impact of Socioeconomic and Medical Characteristics on Public Pension Systems in Central and Eastern European Countries
2021
Due to the direct link between the structure of the labor market and public pension systems, some important aspects are highlighted in this chapter regarding the correlation between the level of budget expenditures with social insurance and national economic development, demographic and medical characteristics of the population. Based on other works on the field of social protection and pension systems, an empirical study was conducted following three dimensions of social protection systems, namely, economic, social, and medical features.
Econometric Study on the Financial Sustainability of Public Pension Systems
2021
This chapter aims the econometric study regarding the financial sustainability of public pension systems in CEE countries, by establishing correlations between the level of state social insurance budget revenues and expenditures, and the socioeconomic indicators specific to pension systems.
Personal conceptions of intelligence: Cross-cultural comparisons between Portuguese and Italian students
2006
This article presents some results of an intercultural study on personal conceptions of intelligence. The sample includes 1,540 students, 811 Italians and 729 Portuguese, from both sexes and of different socioeconomic statuses, of secondary Grades 10 and 12 and of the 1st grade of several university courses in both countries. The instrument used was The Personal Conceptions of Intelligence Scale (Faria, 2003), with 26 items, translated and adapted to Portuguese and Italian. The level of education and the cultural context appear as the only variables with either principal and interaction effects on the differentiation of personal conceptions of intelligence, which are analyzed according to t…
Personal Savings and Investments in the Financial Market
2021
After 1998, CEE countries underwent an extensive reform process toward compliance with the new political, economic, and sociodemographic conditions. Reduced birth rate, increased life expectancy, and migration are challenges for PAYG public pension systems, which are directly dependent on the labor market and funding based on social security contributions paid by all earners and other wage earners. This chapter aims to give a socioeconomic perspective regarding personal saving, through various instruments offered by the banking and capital market, to supplement the financial resources of the elderly during retirement.
Coping with competition: neuroendocrine responses and cognitive variables.
2008
Confronting another individual or group motivated by the same goal is a very frequent situation in human communities that occurs in many other species. Competitive interactions emerge as critical situations that shed light on the effects and consequences of social stress on health. But more important than the situation itself is the way it is interpreted by the subject. This "appraisal" involves cognitive processes that contribute to explaining the neuroendocrine response to these interactions, helping to understanding the vulnerability or resistance to their effects. In this review, we defend the need to study human competition within the social stress framework, while maintaining an evolu…
Relationship between socioeconomic factors and intelligence of preschoolers: A cohort study in the Serbian context
2020
The aim of the current research is to analyse the relationship between the socioeconomic status (SES) of parents and intellectual abilities (IQ) of preschool children of Serbian territory, and in particular how SES factors relate to preschool children’s IQ measured with Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM), in the different age groups. The research included 430 parents and 430 preschool children. A confirmatory factor analysis of the SES questionnaire revealed five factors: educational and professional status of father and mother, residential and educational status of the family, sport status of parents and comfort of family housing. No gender differences in IQ levels were found in c…