Search results for "Steatorrhea"
showing 10 items of 11 documents
Steatocrit test: Normal range and physiological variations in infants
1990
In order to define the normal values of steatocrit during the first 3 months of life and the normal correlation between fecal fat content and steatocrit values, 60 full-term healthy unweaned infants (30 bottle-fed, 15 breast-fed, and 15 mixed-fed) were studied. The steatocrit micromethod was performed in these babies at 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, and 90 days after birth. Steatorrhea often occurs during the first month and then decreases, as shown by the fall in the steatocrit curve from 7th to 28th day in our subjects; at 45 days, few babies have steatorrhea. The 90th percentile profile of steatocrit values shows a value of 25% at the first week of life and a value of 13% at the fourth week. After …
Diagnostic accuracy of fecal elastase 1 assay in patients with pancreatic maldigestion or intestinal malabsorption: a collaborative study of the Ital…
2001
Several reports have indicated that fecal elastase-1 (EL-1) determination is a new, sensitive, and specific noninvasive pancreatic function test; however, very few patients with malabsorption due to small intestine diseases have been included in the previous studies. The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of fecal EL-1 and fecal chymotrypsin (FCT) in distinguishing between pancreatic maldigestion and intestinal malabsorption. Three groups of subjects were studied: group A included 49 patients with known cystic fibrosis (25 males, median age 5 years); group B included 43 subjects with various small intestine diseases (17 males, median age 6 years); and group C included 4…
Monitoring of Enzyme Substitution Using the Cholesteryl Octanoate Breath Test
1991
The efficiency of enzyme replacement therapy in pancreatic insufficiency is usually judged on the grounds of clinical improvement and the effect on steatorrhea: treatment is thought to be successful if steatorrhea is abolished or, at least, reduced. In the majority of patients, the amount of enzyme necessary to alleviate steatorrhea can be reduced if lipase is protected against acidic inactivation either by blocking H2 secretion of the stomach or by protecting enzymes by pH-sensitive enteric coating. However, steatorrhea is frequently not abolished and a differential treatment may be necessary in each patient.
Pancreatic function after severe acute biliary pancreatitis: the role of necrosectomy.
2004
OBJECTIVES To investigate the recovery of pancreatic function after severe acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP), especially the influence of necrosectomy on endocrine and exocrine functions. METHODS Prospective cohort study including 39 patients with severe ABP. According to need or no need for surgical necrosectomy, patients were further subdivided into 2 groups. Functional pancreatic evaluation was carried out 12 months after the ABP episode. Endocrine function was evaluated by an oral glucose tolerance test and exocrine function by fecal fat excretion, fecal chymotrypsin (FQ), and secretin-cerulein tests (SCT). RESULTS Most of the patients with necrosectomy had an abnormal exocrine pancreati…
Pancreatic dysfunction and its association with fat malabsorption in HIV infected children
1998
Background—Nutrient malabsorption frequently occurs in HIV infected children, but very few studies have investigated exocrine pancreatic digestive capacity in these cases.Aims—To investigate pancreatic function in HIV infected children and to determine whether faecal fat loss, a prominent feature of intestinal dysfunction, is associated with pancreatic dysfunction.Patients—Forty seven children with HIV infection without apparent pancreatic disease and 45 sex and age matched healthy controls.Methods—Pancreatic function was evaluated by measuring elastase 1 concentration and chymotrypsin activity in stools by ELISA and colorimetric methods, respectively. Intestinal function was evaluated by m…
Safety of high doses of somatostatin analogs in well differentiated NENs in elderly
2019
Abstract Background Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a group of heterogeneous neoplasms which can be treated with different therapies: in well differentiated (WD) NENs analogs of somatostatin (SSA) can be used considering their proved antineoplastic and antisecretory effects. This is a multicenter study to investigate the safety of high doses (HDD) analogs of somatostatin (SSA) in WD NENs with particular attention for patients over 70 years of age. Methods We collected clinical data from 13 Italian NENs dedicated Units. Patients with WD NENs, in progression on previous treatments, included SSA, and subsequently treated with HDD-SSA, were considered. Results 170 pts were included: 61.76% …
Variable phenotypic expression of chylomicron retention disease in a kindred carrying a mutation of the Sara2 gene
2010
Chylomicron retention disease is a recessive inherited disorder characterized by fat malabsorption and steatorrhea and is associated with failure to thrive in infancy. We describe a kindred carrying a mutation of Sara2 gene causing a chylomicron retention phenotype. The proband was a 5-month-old baby, born of consanguineous, apparently healthy parents from Morocco, with failure to thrive. There was a large quantity of fats in feces and malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Intestinal biopsies showed a diffused enterocyte vacuolization with large cytosolic lipid droplets. Chylomicron retention disease or Anderson disease was hypothesized, and the Sara2 gene was analyzed by direct sequencing…
Steatocrit test after a standard fatty meal: A new simple and sensitive test to detect malabsorption
1991
The steatocrit test, a simple semiquantitative method for determining fat content in stool, was performed after a standard fatty meal to detect malabsorption in patients with celiac disease. Thirty-seven children (mean age 2.6 +/- 2.1 years) with total atrophy of the intestinal villi and 79 controls (mean age 3.5 +/- 2.8 years) were studied. All subjects underwent a small-bowel biopsy, a D-xylose absorption test, a rapid triglyceride absorption test, and a steatocrit determination first on an uncontrolled diet and then again after a standard fatty meal. The steatocrit test after a fatty meal did not detect any false-positive or false-negative results, while the D-xylose test showed two fals…
The Applicability of a Checklist for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency: Results of the Italian Exocrine Pancreatic Ins…
2020
Objective To evaluate a rapid checklist capable of identifying exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in outpatients. Methods Prospective observational study of a multicenter cohort. Results One hundred and two patients were enrolled; 61.8% of the patients had medically-treated benign or malignant pancreatic disease, and 38.2% had a pancreatic resection. Visual examination of the feces was evaluated in 84 patients and it was related to steatorrhea in 51 patients (50.0%). Receiver operating characteristic curves were evaluated for each symptom or clinical sign and four of them (ie, increase in daily bowel movements, number of bowel movements, fatty stools, >10% weight loss) had a satisfactory …
Use of famotidine in severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with persistent maldigestion on enzymatic replacement therapy. A long-term study in cys…
1992
In patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, the use of pancreatic enzyme does not abolish steatorrhea in some cases. We carried out a long-term prospective study in an attempt to clarify the effectiveness of the associated use of famotidine to enzymatic supplementation on fat absorption and nutritional parameters of patients with pancreatic insufficiency due to cystic fibrosis. We studied 10 patients, mean age 12.5 years, with persistent steatorrhea on enzymatic supplementation. A double-blind crossover design was used and famotidine (1 mg/kg/day) or placebo was given as adjuvant to enzymatic preparations for either of two six-month periods. A statistically significative reduction i…