Search results for "Stiffening"

showing 7 items of 17 documents

Effective stiffening of DNA due to nematic ordering causes DNA molecules packed in phage capsids to preferentially form torus knots.

2012

Observation that DNA molecules in bacteriophage capsids preferentially form torus type of knots provided a sensitive gauge to evaluate various models of DNA arrangement in phage heads. Only models resulting in a preponderance of torus knots could be considered as close to reality. Recent studies revealed that experimentally observed enrichment of torus knots can be qualitatively reproduced in numerical simulations that include a potential inducing nematic arrangement of tightly packed DNA molecules within phage capsids. Here, we investigate what aspects of the nematic arrangement are crucial for inducing formation of torus knots. Our results indicate that the effective stiffening of DNA by …

Models MolecularBacteriophages/genetics; Capsid/chemistry; DNA Viral/chemistry; Models Molecular; Virus AssemblyvirusesBacteriophageQuantitative Biology::Subcellular Processeschemistry.chemical_compoundCapsidstomatognathic systemLiquid crystalStructural BiologyGeneticsMoleculeBacteriophagesDna viralQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesbiologyVirus Assemblyfood and beveragesTorusbiology.organism_classificationVirologyQuantitative Biology::GenomicsMathematics::Geometric TopologyStiffeningsurgical procedures operativechemistryCapsidDNA ViralBiophysicsDNANucleic acids research
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X-Ritz Solution for Nonlinear Free Vibrations of Plates with Embedded Cracks

2019

The analysis of large amplitude vibrations of cracked plates is considered in this study. The problem is addressed via a Ritz approach based on the first-order shear deformation theory and von Karman’s geometric nonlinearity assumptions. The trial functions are built as series of regular orthogonal polynomial products supplemented with special functions able to represent the crack behaviour (which motivates why the method is dubbed as eXtended Ritz); boundary functions are used to guarantee the fulfillment of the kinematic boundary conditions along the plate edges. Convergence and accuracy are assessed to validate the approach and show its efficiency and potential. Original results are then…

Plates Ritz methodSeries (mathematics)Mathematical analysisBoundary (topology)StiffeningRitz methodNonlinear systemAmplitudeSpecial functionsPharmacology (medical)Boundary value problemLarge amplitude vibrationSettore ING-IND/04 - Costruzioni E Strutture AerospazialiMathematics
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Properties evolution of flax/epoxy composites under fatigue loading

2014

International audience; The tension-tension fatigue behaviour of flax fibre reinforced epoxy matrix composites have been investigated for specimens having [0]12, [90]12, [0/90]3S and [±45]3S lay-ups. The Probabilized Stress-Number of cycles (P-S-N) curves have been determined for each laminate type. The measured stress and strain data allowed to quantify the evolution of the mechanical properties, i.e. stiffness, damping and permanent strain as a function of imposed cycles. Especially, the stiffening phenomenon of flax reinforcements oriented parallel to the loading direction has been confirmed. However, due to the competition between damage development and the fibre stiffening, the increas…

Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs)Matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Materials scienceFlax fibresPolymer–matrix composites (PMCs)FatigueDamage mechanics[ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsModulusIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials[PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph][SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]Damage mechanicsDamage mechanics[SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]medicineGeneral Materials ScienceMécanique: Mécanique des matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Composite materialFatigueMechanical EngineeringStress–strain curveStiffnessEpoxy matrixEpoxyStiffeningMechanics of MaterialsModeling and Simulationvisual_art[ SPI.MECA.MEMA ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph][ PHYS.MECA.MEMA ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]Fatigue loadingvisual_art.visual_art_mediumFlax fibresmedicine.symptomPolymer–matrix composites (PMCs)
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Chemical stiffening of constructs between polymeric microparticles based on a hyaluronic acid derivative and mesenchymal stem cells: rheological and …

2018

Polymers and PlasticsChemistryOrganic ChemistryMesenchymal stem cell02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesIn vitro0104 chemical sciencesStiffeningchemistry.chemical_compoundRheologyHyaluronic acidMaterials ChemistryBiophysics0210 nano-technologyDerivative (chemistry)Polymer International
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A macro-modelling approach for the analysis of infilled frame structures considering the effects of openings and vertical loads

2015

During the last decades, several macro-models have been proposed for the modelling of the infill panels' contribution to the lateral strength of frames. Despite all this effort, a robust model, which takes into account the influence of the vertical load, is not yet available. Furthermore, the influence of the very common case of infill walls with openings, such as windows and doors, has been neglected in all the code provisions that have been published so far. In this paper, an updated macro-model, based on the equivalent pin-jointed diagonal compressive strut, is presented. The proposed macro-model is able to represent the stiffening effect of the infill panel with openings by taking into …

RiskEngineeringequivalent strut; finite element analysis; infilled frames; masonry; opening effect; vertical load effect; Civil and Structural Engineering; Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology; Safety Risk Reliability and Quality; Building and Construction; Mechanical Engineering; Ocean EngineeringDiagonal0211 other engineering and technologies020101 civil engineeringOcean Engineering02 engineering and technologyfinite element analysis0201 civil engineering021105 building & constructionInfillGeotechnical engineeringopening effectMacroSafety Risk Reliability and Qualityvertical load effectCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematical modelbusiness.industryinfilled frameMechanical EngineeringFrame (networking)Structural engineeringBuilding and ConstructionMasonryGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyFinite element methodfinite element analysiStiffeningequivalent strutmasonryinfilled framesReliability and QualitySafetybusiness
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Entropy theory and glass transition: A test by Monte Carlo simulation

1997

This article reviews the results of a test of the Gibbs-DiMarzio theory by Monte Carlo Simulation. The simulation employed the bond-fluctuation model on a simple cubic lattice. This model incorporates two kinds of interactions: the excluded volume interaction among all monomers of the melt and an internal energy of the chains, which favors large bonds and makes the chains stiffen with decreasing temperature. The stiffening of the chains leads to an increase of their volume requirements, which competes with the packing constraints at low temperatures. This competition strongly slows down the structural relaxation of the melt and induces the glassy behavior. The model therefore takes into acc…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::Biomoleculesbond-fluctuation modelMaterials scienceInternal energyMonte Carlo methodGibbs-DiMarzio theoryGeneral EngineeringThermodynamicsSimple cubic latticePolymerArticleStiffeningCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterentropy measurementchemistryExcluded volumeAdam-Gibbs theoryEntropy (information theory)chemical potentialglass transitionStatistical physicsdiffusion coefficientGlass transitionMonte Carlo simulation
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Cardiac biomarkers and arterial stiffening: data from the Gutenberg Health study

2013

medicine.medical_specialtyMyocardial ischemiabusiness.industryCardiac biomarkersmedicine.diseaseStiffeningMultiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2aInternal medicineArterial stiffnessCardiologyPhysical therapyMedicineMid regional pro adrenomedullinCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessEuropean Heart Journal
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