Search results for "Stimulation"
showing 10 items of 2192 documents
Biotechnological advances in neuro-electro-stimulation for the treatment of hyposalivation and xerostomia
2009
El tratamiento de la xerostomía es un desafío clínico común en la práctica de la medicina oral. Aunque se han utilizado algunos tratamientos para mejorar los síntomas de la xerostomía, ninguno es del todo satisfactorio para los pacientes que padecen esta alteración. En los últimos años se han desarrollado tratamientos no farmacológicos basados en la electroestimulación para el tratamiento de la xerostomía. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo presentar nuevos desarrollos para el tratamiento de la xerostomía, aplicando neuroestimulación mediante electroestimuladores intraorales miniaturizados. Estos dispositivos aumentan la secreción salival y mejoran los síntomas de sequedad bucal. Su efecto…
Specific modulation of corticospinal and spinal excitabilities during maximal voluntary isometric, shortening and lengthening contractions in synergi…
2011
Non-technical summary The neural control of muscle activity differs during voluntary shortening and lengthening contractions. In this paper, we show that the relative contribution of both cortical and spinal mechanisms to the modulation of neural activation is specific during lengthening contraction and differs between synergist muscles. Knowledge of spinal and corticospinal excitabilities modulations during shortening and lengthening muscle contraction improves our understanding of the processes that underlies the neural control of muscles during dynamic contractions.
Cerebellar magnetic stimulation decreases levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson disease
2009
BACKGROUND: The neural mechanisms and the circuitry involved in levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are still partially obscure. LID can be considered the consequence of an abnormal pattern or code of activity that originates and is conveyed from the basal ganglia to the thalamus and the cortical motor areas. However, not only striatothalamocortical motor circuits but also other interconnected pathways could be implicated in its pathogenesis. METHODS: In a series of experiments, we applied repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the lateral cerebellum in a group of patients with advanced Parkinson disease, to investigate whether modulation of cerebellothalamocortical circuits…
Which direction should I go? A quest for understanding the effect of TMS stimulus orientation on evoked responses
2023
The orientation of the electric field (E-field) induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) plays a significant role in determining the magnitude of motor evoked potentials (MEP) and TMS-evoked potentials (TEP). However, fundamental mechanisms explaining the interaction of the induced E-field and the underlying neuronal populations are still largely unknown. We recently entered a quest to understand and describe neurophysiological and physical factors affecting the effect of the E-field orientation on the MEP and TEP. We developed a dual-coil TMS transducer capable of fast and accurate electronic control of the induced E-field orientation. With this transducer, we could scan the effe…
Suppressive Efficacy by a Commercially Available Blue Lens on PPR in 610 Photosensitive Epilepsy Patients
2006
Purpose Photosensitivity can represent a serious problem in epilepsy patients, also because pharmacologic treatment is often ineffective. Nonpharmacologic treatment using blue sunglasses is effective and safe in controlling photosensitivity, but large series of patients have never been studied. Methods This multicenter study was conducted in 12 epilepsy centers in northern, central, southern, and insular Italy. A commercially available lens, named Z1, obtained in a previous trial, was used to test consecutively enrolled pediatric and adult epilepsy patients with photosensitivity. Only type 4 photosensitivity (photoparoxysmal response, PPR) was considered in the study. A standardized method …
Estudio de la discriminación auditiva en educación infantil en Valencia
2018
Este estudio se centra en conocer en qué grado los tutores de 2o ciclo de Educación Infantil de las escuelas públicas de Valencia (España) trabajan el lenguaje musical en sus alum- nos, con el fin de analizar la importancia que le atribuyen a la estimulación auditiva temprana por medio del desarrollo de la discriminación de sonidos musicales y su didáctica. La investigación es cuantitativa-cualitativa, por encuesta con cuestionario, administrado a 95 tutores. Como resultado, se confirma la escasa estimulación que reciben los niños y la necesidad de ofertar más cursos de formación en didáctica musical para este colectivo docente. This study aims to know to what extent tutors of the 2nd cycle…
Integration of Peripheral Adiposity Signals and Psychological Controls of Appetite
2007
Publisher Summary This chapter presents an overview of the major anatomical and neurochemical participants in brain reward circuitry. It also elaborates the evidence available to date that supports the hypothesis that energy regulatory signals can modulate food reward. Psychological modulation of feeding involves taste hedonics and preferences, and the rewarding aspects of food. The brain circuitries implicated in stimulus reward, and in the regulation of energy balance, have traditionally been considered as separate. However, more recently, accumulated evidence suggests that there is both anatomical and functional crosstalk between these sets of central nervous system (CNS) circuitry. Addi…
Beta Rebound as an Index of Temporal Integration of Somatosensory and Motor Signals
2020
Modulation of cortical beta rhythm (15-30 Hz) is present during preparation for and execution of voluntary movements as well as during somatosensory stimulation. A rebound in beta synchronization is observed after the end of voluntary movements as well as after somatosensory stimulation and is believed to describe the return to baseline of sensorimotor networks. However, the contribution of efferent and afferent signals to the beta rebound remains poorly understood. Here, we applied electrical median nerve stimulation (MNS) to the right side followed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the left primary motor cortex after either 15 or 25 ms. Because the afferent volley reaches the …
QUANTIFICATION OF MUSCLE FATIGUE WITHWAVELET ANALYSIS BASED ON EMG DURING MYOELECTRICAL STIMULATION
2012
6; International audience; We propose a device dedicated to real time analysis of electromyograms (EMG) under myoelectrical stimulation (ES). The muscular fatigue analysis, which is obtained by the use of a dedicated analog circuit and a processing part, is the main purpose of this study. The description of a hardware device which incorporates an electro-stimulator and an electromyogram amplifier combined to a computer is detailed. Then, we present a muscular fatigue analysis part based on wavelet decomposition in order to extract a fatigue index, which is confronted with synthetic and experimental data. We conclude that the CWT index applies well to M waves. The noise sensitivity is invest…
Biofeedback and functional perineal electro-stimulation in male urinary incontinence
1997
– The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback (BF) and of electrostimulation (SEF) of the perineal floor in male patients suffering from urinary incontinence. Eleven patients entered the study, five of them suffering from mixed urinary incontinence and six from pure stress incontinence. They were treated with six sittings of BF, SEF and domiciliary exercises. The results are promising. Additional monthly sittings and domiciliary SEF maintenance are advised.