Search results for "Stimulus"
showing 10 items of 555 documents
Effects of Fiscal Stimulus in Structural Models
2010
The paper assesses, using seven structural models used heavily by policymaking institutions, the effectiveness of temporary fiscal stimulus. Models can, more easily than empirical studies, account for differences between fiscal instruments, for differences between structural characteristics of the economy, and for monetary-fiscal policy interactions. Findings are: (i) There is substantial agreement across models on the sizes of fiscal multipliers. (ii) The sizes of spending and targeted transfers multipliers are large. (iii) Fiscal policy is most effective if it has some persistence and if monetary policy accommodates it. (iv) The perception of permanent fiscal stimulus leads to significant…
A Mathematical Approach to the Body-Mind Problem from a System Personality Theory (A Systems Approach to the Body-Mind Problem)
2013
The dynamics of both the General Factor of Personality and the personality biological indicators, as a consequence of a stimulus, can be described with a short-term dynamic model (the response model). The invariance of the response model at both levels of description (psychological and biological) leads to deduce the bridge model with which psychological and biological levels of description can be related. The bridge model is the key tool to deal with the body–mind problem. An application case is presented setting up an experimental design with two subjects. The General Factor of Personality, c-fos and glutamate dynamics are evaluated as a consequence of a methylphenidate dose intake. The r…
The influence of innovation stimulus, facilitating factors and support mechanisms on innovation performance in Brazilian small textile firms
2020
The ability of the organisation to develop new products is crucial in rapidly changing business environments, and thus, customer demographics, consumers' expectations and buying behaviour play an important role. Hence, exploring the antecedents of innovation performance becomes more important. This study analyses the relationships among innovation stimulus, facilitating factors and support mechanisms for innovative performance in the textile industry of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The sample included 128 respondents, who were all employees of five small and medium-sized textile firms; data were analysed using structural equation modelling. We found that innovation stimulus, facilitating factors…
Inactivation and tachyphylaxis of heat-evoked inward currents in nociceptive primary sensory neurones of rats.
2000
In contrast to other sensory modalities, pain does not decrease when a noxious stimulus is applied at constant intensity (Greene & Hardy, 1962). From this lack of adaptation on the perceptive level it has traditionally been implied that primary nociceptive afferents also do not adapt upon constant stimulation. This is in contrast to the results of recordings from these afferents, which exhibit pronounced adaptation for physical as well as chemical stimuli (Meyer et al. 1994). Peripheral adaptation of nociceptive nerve endings is compensated by central summation (Mendell & Wall, 1965; Price et al. 1977); this slow summation process of small fibre input to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord i…
Visually produced locomotion in an autokinetic setup.
1987
On individual ttials, 15 subjects stood G m before a minicomputer screen displaying a colon in a completely darkened room Subjects were aware that the light source wzs stationary. They were instructed to fixate the colon and to perform nonlocomotive jogging in place for 2 min. and continuously to report their sensations. Room lights were turned on after 30 sec., and subjects' deviations from their starting places were measured. All subjects had moved toward the light source (M = 4.42 m, SD = .43) although they were convinced that they had not moved. Instead, they had reported either the light source approached them or the light source became larger and/or more intense. On a second trial, su…
A model integrating the cerebellar granule neuron excitability and calcium signaling pathways
2004
Abstract The activation of various intracellular biochemical pathways is influenced by the electroresponsiveness of the neuron. There exists a close and constant co-operation between the membrane-bound cellular functions and intracellular signaling. This work aims at integrating the biophysical and biochemical data available for the cultured cerebellar granule neuron. The models of calcium-protein kinase C signaling pathways are combined with the model of the granule neuron excitability. The latter model can be used to provide the realistic stimulus for the signaling pathway models. The integrated model makes it possible to explore the participation of intracellular mechanisms in the neuron…
Effects of whole-body vibration exercise on muscular strength and power, functional mobility and self-reported knee function in middle-aged and older…
2013
Abstract Background Whole-body vibration training using vertical-vibration machines is called “acceleration training” (AT). The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of AT on lower-limb muscular strength and power, functional mobility and self-reported knee function in middle-aged and older Japanese women with knee pain. Methods Thirty-eight middle-aged and older Japanese women (aged 50–73 years) with knee pain were divided into two groups: (1) the AT group (n = 29) engaged in AT three times per week for eight weeks, and (2) the control group (C group, n = 9). The AT program consisted of flexibility training, strength training of mainly the quadriceps and surrounding muscles and…
RELATIVISTIC COMPRESSION AND EXPANSION OF EXPERIENTIAL TIME IN THE LEFT AND RIGHT SPACE
2007
Time, space and numbers are closely linked in the physical world. However, the relativistic-like effects on time perception of spatial and magnitude factors remain poorly investigated. Here we wanted to investigate whether duration judgments of digit visual stimuli are biased depending on the side of space where the stimuli are presented and on the magnitude of the stimulus itself. Different groups of healthy subjects performed duration judgment tasks on various types of visual stimuli. In the first two experiments visual stimuli were constituted by digit pairs (1 and 9), presented in the centre of the screen or in the right and left space. In a third experiment visual stimuli were constitu…
P 61. Is high frequency rTMS a new tool in remediating dyslexia?
2013
Introduction Evidence from functional neuroimaging has reported hypoactivation of the left parieto-temporal regions in children and adults with dyslexia when they engage in reading-related tasks (Shaywitz et al., 2002; Richlan et al., 2011). Studies on the remediation of dyslexia have consistently found that remedial treatment improves reading ability and increases activation in critical brain areas (Temple et al., 2003; Hoeft et al., 2011). Objectives We wanted to determine whether high frequency repetitive trancranial magnetic stimulation (hf-rTMS) over areas that are underactive in dyslexics during reading, such as the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the left inferior parietal lob…
Indoor artificial lighting: Prediction of the circadian effects of different spectral power distributions.
2014
The study presented in this paper aims to evaluate if and how the environment affects the circadian impact of a light source by predicting circadian stimulus (CS) resulting from the exposure to different light scenes, using equations reported in studies by Rea et al. The main findings are: (1) Above 600 lx at eye level the increase of CS is little; (2) Between 50 lx and 200 lx at the eye level an increase of only 50 lx determines a significant increase of CS; (3) Light sources with correlated colour temperatures between 2900 K and 4200 K have similar impacts on the circadian system according to the calculation method used; (4) Even an almost neutral environment affects the circadian impact…