Search results for "Stock"
showing 10 items of 878 documents
Distribution of YLOID in soil-grapevine system (Vitis vinifera L.) as tool for geographical characterization of agro-food products. A two years case …
2017
The knowledge of a chemistry relationship between the soil and the agricultural products is an important tool for the quality assessment of food. We studied YLOID (Y, La and lanthanoids), recognized as very useful tracers due their coherent and predictable behavior, to trace and evaluate their distribution from soil to the grape in Vitis vinifera L. Because much of the world’s viticulture is based on grafting, and rootstocks have proved affect vine growth, yield, fruit and wine quality, we carried out experimental trials to analyse the YLOID distribution of two different red cultivars, grafted onto six different rootstocks, on the same soil. The YLOID amounts, the relationship Heavy vs Ligh…
An assessment method for the quantification of Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch) (Hem., Phylloxeridae) populations in the field
2003
: Grape phylloxera is a plant parasite that has started to become a pest again in European viticulture in spite of the use of grafted rootstocks. Since the middle of the 1980s, there have been various reports of vine damage caused by phylloxera. It was shown that in some cases there is no direct correlation between the occurrence of phylloxera and vine damage. In this context, phytopathogenic microorganisms, especially fungi, are mentioned in literature. To investigate the possible interactions it is necessary to be able to assess phylloxera populations in the field, e.g. to correlate phylloxera abundance with the vigour of the vines. Because of the non-homogenous distribution of the grape…
A Reduced-Form Model for Warrant Valuation
2011
This paper studies warrant valuation using a reduced-form model. Analogous to the credit risk literature, structural models require complete information about the asset value process and the firm’s liabilities. In contrast, reduced-form models require only information about the firm’s stock price process. We introduce a reduced-form model where the warrant holder is a price taker, and we relate our model to structural models appearing in the literature.
Warrant Exercise and Bond Conversion in Large Trader Economies
2006
It is well known that the sequential (premature) exercise of American-type warrants may be advantageous for large warrantholders, even in the absence of regular dividends, because using exercise proceeds to repurchase stock or to expand the firm's scale increases the riskiness of an equity share. We present an upper bound on this advantage and show that this advantage is negligible for a realistic parameter setting. This result, however, does not justify in general the simplifying restriction that warrants or convertible securities are valued as if exercised as a block. It turns out that the option to exercise only a fraction of the outstanding convertibles at the maturity date (partial exe…
Economic benefits from food recovery at the retail stage: An application to Italian food chains
2013
The food supply chain is affected by losses of products near to their expiry date or damaged by improper transportation or production defects. Such products are usually poorly attractive for the consumer in the target market even if they maintain their nutritional properties. On the other hand undernourished people face every day the problem of fulfilling their nutritional needs usually relying on non-profit organizations. In this field the food recovery enabling economic benefits for donors is nowadays seen as a coherent way to manage food products unsalable in the target market for various causes and thus destined to be discarded and disposed to landfill thus representing only a cost. Des…
Manure as a potential source of renewable energy: The behaviour and characterisation of biofuels generated from three animal manure types when subjec…
2020
Regions with high livestock density lack sufficient land on which to apply manure without exceeding the legal limits set by the European Union Directives. The lack of manure processing alternatives aggravates the situation, especially in the case of islands. Consequently, manure becomes a liability rather than an asset. Results indicate that pyrolysis is an option for manure processing. However, a significant limitation is the moisture content of the starting material, that could compromise the process efficiency. Yields of biogas, bio-oil and biochar, all of which have a potential use as biofuels, are particular to animal type and manure handling system. The conversion of manure to biofuel…
Improving stock unearthing method to measure soil erosion rates in vineyards
2018
Abstract Vineyard soils experience high erosion rates compared to soils from other agricultural land uses. The high soil losses in vineyards limits the sustainability of traditional production schemes and warrants comprehensive research aimed at thwarting the main erosion processes affecting vineyard systems. However, long-term measurements, which include spatial variability of soil erosion rates at the plot scale, are uncommon, as most of the measurements have taken place either at the hillslope or watershed scales. Against this background, the stock unearthing method (SUM) can be considered a useful methodology. However, the current method falls short because it assumes that the topograph…
Slow pyrolysis of an LDPE/PP mixture: Kinetics and process performance
2021
Abstract High- and low-density polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) and polypropylene (PP) are the most common polymers among plastic waste as they have multiple commercial applications. This study focused on thermal degradation characteristics and kinetic of a plastic mixture with a composition of 92.5 wt% LDPE and 7.5% PP. Thermal decomposition characteristics of the plastic mixture was analysed through thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The overall kinetic of the process was studied using the modified Coats−Redfern method and the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) method. The apparent activation energy (E) and pre-exponential factor (A) obtained were 316.0 kJ/mol; 8.09E+21 min−1 and 311.5 kJ/mol; 4.35E+21 m…
Effect of leaf removal and ripening stage on the content of quercetin glycosides in Sangiovese grapes
2021
Quercetin haze has been observed over the last few years in some aged Sangiovese wines. This problem could be due to an excess of the quercetin in the wine. Leaf removal increases the exposition of clusters to sunlight, which may enhance flavonol synthesis in the grapes. In this study, we evaluated the dynamics related to extractable flavonols in grapes grown in three usually defoliated Vitis vinifera (L.) cv. Sangiovese vineyards, whose wines showed quercetin precipitates. The particular structure of the vineyards in which the leaf removal experiments were carried out allowed the influence of vineyard, biotype and rootstock on grape flavonol contents at mid-maturation and technological mat…
L’allevamento bovino nella valle del Torto: un caso di zootecnia sostenibile in Sicilia
2011
In spite of not being the main activities of Sicilian agriculture, zootechny plays a very important social role, even more than economic, for a large part of Sicily. The crisis that has hit the industry since early 2000s, and particularly cattle livestock, caused the closure of many holdings and a strong decrease in the number of animals bred, both meat and dairy cattle. The beef cattle population in the Valle del Torto, in the province of Palermo (area covered by this study), for many decades has significantly contributed to the development of a rural community that trough this activity created his own wealth, income and economic stability. The crisis that over the last decade has affected…