Search results for "Stroke"
showing 10 items of 1226 documents
The role of prognostic stratification on prescription of anticoagulants in older patients with atrial fibrillation : a multicenter, observational, pr…
2022
Background: Literature suggests that different risks of mortality could influence physicians in prescribing or not anticoagulants in older patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI) can be considered a tool for the detection of multidimensional frailty. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate whether prescription patterns of oral anticoagulants exist, based on MPI values. Methods: Older hospitalised patients (age >= 65 years) with non-valvular AF were included across 24 European centres. MPI was calculated using validated and standardised tools derived from a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Other functional and clinical information …
A vascular perspective on neuronal migration
2015
During CNS development and adult neurogenesis, immature neurons travel from the germinal zones towards their final destination using cellular substrates for their migration. Classically, radial glia and neuronal axons have been shown to act as physical scaffolds to support neuroblast locomotion in processes known as gliophilic and neurophilic migration, respectively (Hatten, 1999; Marin and Rubenstein, 2003; Rakic, 2003). In adulthood, long distance neuronal migration occurs in a glial-independent manner since radial glia cells differentiate into astrocytes after birth. A series of studies highlight a novel mode of neuronal migration that uses blood vessels as scaffolds, the so-called vasop…
Atypical posterior circulation strokes: a case-based review of rare anatomical variations involved
2021
The circle of Willis is a very important vascular mechanism of protecting against cerebral ischemia, especially when circulation within the main arteries irrigating the brain is somehow impeded. As result of congenital malformation arising early in embryonic development, the fetal-type posterior circle of Willis remains as such during the rest of one's life. Consequently, the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) becomes a branch of the internal carotid artery (ICA), rather than of the basilar artery (BA). Furthermore, the rest of collateral circulation, between the anterior and the posterior regions of the brain, is also negatively affected (e.g., leptomeningeal vessels). The anatomical variant …
Der Schlaganfall als medizinischer Notfall
1999
Studies into the pathophysiology of acute ischaemic stroke have indicated that treatment options are likely to be optimised when early signs of stroke are recognised and treatment is initiated within 3 hours from symptom onset. For most patients there is a long delay between the onset of symptoms and the start of therapy. Many factors are responsible for this time delay: signs and symptoms often go unrecognised by patients, relatives and bystanders and stroke is not given a high priority by medical staff. Although a small number of stroke patients is treated as emergency and attended to by the emergency medical services within this time window, this number could easily be increased by inten…
Honouring the opening: Unfolding the rich ground between the philosophical thinking of Martin Heidegger and practice-based empirical work
2021
The aim of this article is to bring philosophical thinking closer to practice-based empirical work. Using Martin Heidegger’s philosophy, it offers a bridge between these two worlds, attempting to provide philosophical depth to the findings of a hermeneutic phenomenological study. This process unfolded through the appearance of three intertwined, potential, meaningful modes of being in the lifeworld: space as a condition for being and being for worlding the world; temporal and spatial self-being, the existence of multiple selves in time and space; and suffering and thriving as modes of being. The article extends the dialogue and concludes with key reflections and insight for research practic…
Derivatives of Erythropoietin That Are Tissue Protective But Not Erythropoietic
2004
Erythropoietin (EPO) is both hematopoietic and tissue protective, putatively through interaction with different receptors. We generated receptor subtype–selective ligands allowing the separation of EPO's bioactivities at the cellular level and in animals. Carbamylated EPO (CEPO) or certain EPO mutants did not bind to the classical EPO receptor (EPOR) and did not show any hematopoietic activity in human cell signaling assays or upon chronic dosing in different animal species. Nevertheless, CEPO and various nonhematopoietic mutants were cytoprotective in vitro and conferred neuroprotection against stroke, spinal cord compression, diabetic neuropathy, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyeli…
Persistent inflammation alters the function of the endogenous brain stem cell compartment
2008
Endogenous neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) are considered a functional reservoir for promoting tissue homeostasis and repair after injury, therefore regenerative strategies that mobilize these cells have recently been proposed. Despite evidence of increased neurogenesis upon acute inflammatory insults (e.g. ischaemic stroke), the plasticity of the endogenous brain stem cell compartment in chronic CNS inflammatory disorders remains poorly characterized. Here we show that persistent brain inflammation, induced by immune cells targeting myelin, extensively alters the proliferative and migratory properties of subventricular zone (SVZ)-resident NPCs in vivo leading to significant accumulation…
Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Ischemic Stroke Pathogenesis
2020
: Stroke is a heterogeneous disease, and within the broad category of brain ischemia and its subtypes vary dramatically in its etiology. : The endothelium can regulate the vascular homeostasis by modulating processes of vascular dilation and constriction by producing and secreting cytokines and chemical mediators, and inflammation represents one of the most important factors that contribute to alteration in vessel structure and function by dysregulation of this fine balance. : Endothelial dysfunction means a basic determinant of the vascular damage, which can be identified in all different clinical subtypes of stroke, and, recently, it has been recognized as an interesting determinant of c…
Application of a decision making method to improve an industrial hot extrusion forging process
1999
Abstract Success of a bulk forming process is significantly affected by several operative parameters, such as dies and workpiece temperature, friction factor, preformed dimensions and its initial positioning. In the paper the hot extrusion forging of an half shaft of a two stroke motorcycle engine has been investigated. The combined effect of the most influent operative parameters has been determined by means of a consistent factorial plan. A sensitivity analysis was performed using an advanced numerical finite element code as a powerful CAE tool able to assist the analyst in the design of the process. The geometry of the part has allowed a combined 2D-3D numerical analysis; in fact, the in…
Pattern recognition in cyclic and discrete skills performance from inertial measurement units
2014
The aim of this study is to compare and validate an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) relative to an optic system, and to propose methods for pattern recognition to capture behavioural dynamics during sport performance. IMU validation was conducted by comparing the motions of the two arms of a compass, which was equipped with IMUs and reflective landmarks detected by a multi-camera system. Spearman’s rank correlation tests showed good correlations between the IMU and multi-camera system, especially when the angles were normalized. Bland-Altman plot, root mean square and the normalized pairwise variability index showed low differences between the two systems, confirming the good accuracy level…