Search results for "Sub-saharan Africa"

Regional Variation of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Enterobacterales, Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Salmonella enterica and Methicill…

2020

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) thwarts the curative power of drugs and is a present-time global problem. We present data on antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance determinants of bacteria the WHO has highlighted as being key antimicrobial resistance concerns in Africa, to strengthen knowledge of AMR patterns in the region. Methods: Blood, stool, and urine specimens of febrile patients, aged between ≥ 30 days and ≤ 15 years and hospitalized in Burkina Faso, Gabon, Ghana, and Tanzania were cultured from November 2013 to March 2017 (Patients > 15 years were included in Tanzania). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for all Enterobacterales and Staphylococcus aur…

Education for all : the hazard within fragile states

2012

Currently, over a third of children not in school live in countries considered being as fragile. These countries, which are mainly located in sub-Saharan Africa, will not reach the objectives of Education For All for 2015. This thesis covers approaches across comparative education, political science and sociology of organizations. It explores empirically the condi¬tions of achievement of EFA within the contexts of fragility. Despite its ambiguities, the notion of fragile states was adopted in 2005 as an operational concept by most of aid agencies. Definitions of fragile state converge on a set of specific criteria (dysfunctional institutions, chronic socio-political instability, limited acc…

The effectiveness of aid on education in fragile states

2012

Universal primary education (UPE) is one of the main aims of Official Development Aid (ODA). In the last years, the issues of aid effectiveness were widely discussed in the literature. Little empirical evidence of its effectiveness exists, particularly for fragile states. In these countries, mainly in Sub-Saharan Africa, universal primary schooling will be off target for 2015, so invalidates the Millennium Development Goals. By means of a panel database, we attempt to measure the effects of official development assistance in education over a sample of 17 fragile states in Africa from 1999 to 2010. We use the most disaggregated and reliable data existing. On one hand, our results indicate th…

L'allocation de l'aide internationale en éducation dans les Etats fragiles : réconcilier les objectifs d'efficacité économique et de justice sociale?

2014

Despite 2005, the notion of fragile states was adopted as an operational concept by most of donors. Nearly ten years after, the increasingly intense debates surrounding the post-2015 global education agenda underlines that the issue about fragile states is unresolved. If access to education can be considered as a "public good", the allocation of international aid is justified, since the early 2000s, for its effectiveness. Our empirical analysis focuses on a broad sample of fragile and non-fragile sub-Saharan countries. Our findings show the emergence of a current contradiction between the inclusive nature of the Education For All goals and the exclusionary nature of the paradigms on which f…

La povertà rurale in Africa Sub-sahariana: il caso del Dipartimento della Lekie in Camerun

2021

Questo articolo mette in rilievo le caratteristiche della povertà rurale in Africa sub-sahariana in generale, e nel Dipartimento della Lekie in Camerun in particolare. Il suo interesse sta nel fatto che per meglio combattere la povertà, bisogna innanzitutto capire la sua vera natura e le sue particolari caratteristiche sul territorio d’intervento. Questo studio mira dunque a offrire alla comunità scientifica nonché a vari portatori d’interesse un quadro di riferimento per la definizione di politiche economiche efficaci contro la povertà sul territorio del Dipartimento della Lekie. L’indagine svolta sul cosiddetto territorio ha rilevato, tramite un’analisi descrittiva, che le popolazioni del…

The Education Production Function reviewed in the framework of Education For All in Sub-Saharan Africa: from theoretical and methodological bounds to…

2007

The Coleman report (1966) was the first of numerous researches exploring quality of learning determinants analysis. With the Education Production Function (EPF), economists have greatly contributed to the extension of this research domain. Actually, empirical works are leading the field with important methodological debates which have fuelled controversies (Hanushek, 2003; Krueger, 2003). Thus, methodological issues have particularly rallied researchers' interests on empirical estimations, while academic researches on the renewal of the theoretical framework have remained scarce despite obvious bounds. Without contesting the validity of miscellaneous estimation problems and the necessity of…

: School Projects in Sub-Saharan Africa: lessons learned in Guinea, Madagascar and Senegal

2006

06039 - Existe également en anglais; L'AFD et l'ADEA ont financé cette étude sur les projets d'école mis en place dans trois pays, laGuinée, Madagascar et le Sénégal. Des observations et des recueils de données ont été réalisés sur leterrain auprès des associations de parents d'élèves, des responsables administratifs, des directeursd'école et des enseignants.

Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2020

Abstract: Background Health system planning requires careful assessment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) epidemiology, but data for morbidity and mortality of this disease are scarce or non-existent in many countries. We estimated the global, regional, and national burden of CKD, as well as the burden of cardiovascular disease and gout attributable to impaired kidney function, for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017. We use the term CKD to refer to the morbidity and mortality that can be directly attributed to all stages of CKD, and we use the term impaired kidney function to refer to the additional risk of CKD from cardiovascular disease and gout. Methods Th…

Préface de l'ouvrage de Claude Etienne Sissao "Processus d'installation et d'urbanisation en Afrique subsaharienne. Toponymie et gouvernance locale d…

2013

Analyze and simulation a dynamic of soil indicators fertility under different agricultural management practices in cotton area of Togo

2011

Using data observed during 20 to 40 years in different agro-ecosystems of Togo, we analyzed soil fertility dynamic under different agricultural management practices. Tree soil C models of varying complexity were tested, and the most accurate in terms of soil C dynamics description in these tropical soils was associated with the QUEFTS model and with nutrient partial balance to analyze the effect of each agricultural management practice. Results indicated that, although fertilizers N, P and K were continuously applied at a recommended rate by the research (RR) or at this rate increased in 50% (1.5RR), initial cotton and cereals yields of 1.5 to 2 t ha˗1 and 2 to 3 t ha˗1, respectively, decre…