Search results for "Subject"
showing 10 items of 25013 documents
Developing an Analytical Framework for Analyzing and Comparing National E-Government Strategies
2020
Part 1: E-Government Foundations; International audience; Across the world, e-government strategies are developed for the effective digitalization of the public sector. They offer governments a framework for dealing with challenges such as technical and legal interoperability and collaboration between public and private sector stakeholders, and for promoting a future vision for a digital public sector. Since e-government strategies are policy document and, thus, likely to convey biased perspectives, analyses of these strategies can yield insights into these biases and different perspectives on public sector digitalization. Until now, there has been no widely recognized framework for systema…
The interpreter as a citizen diplomat
2019
Abstract The article presents a case of interpretation as a political activity during the Cold War. In the 1980s and 1990s, a grassroots citizen diplomacy movement was initiated by the Californian Esalen Institute, the center of the American Human Potential Movement. In and around its Soviet-American exchange program, numerous individuals, NGOs and organizations established personal relationships and professional exchange with citizens of the two super powers and travelled in both directions. Interpreters had a complex and crucial role in this exchange which was different from both the professional experience of conference and of communal interpreting.
Transforming student contributions into subject-specific expression
2021
Drawing on a corpus of pre-service teacher training classroom interactions in an English-medium instruction university in Turkey, we examine teacher follow-up turns that introduce specialized terms, showing how a teacher transforms student’s responses into pedagogically relevant points using academic language. We argue that teacher third-turns following student contributions accomplish several interrelated actions, not only introducing new terminology to these teachers-in-training, but also familiarizing them with ways of thinking specific to their discipline, i.e., these turns model “doing being a teacher.” These teacher actions are used to bridge student contributions to more scientific t…
Mitigation and reinforcement in general knowledge expressions
2020
Abstract Speakers often mitigate by downgrading their own role in their utterances, depersonalizing the origin of their utterances and de-focalizing the deictic-personal point of reference (Briz, 1998; Caffi, 2007). Linguistically, this can be accomplished by means of impersonalization, generalization and referencing general knowledge. Interestingly, using expressions that suggest the objective, general or shared status of information can, in some cases, lead to argumentative reinforcement or boosting 1 (Cornillie, 2007a, b; Caffi, 1999; Briz, 2016). Our goal is to examine the relationship between the functions of mitigation and reinforcement in indirect evidential expressions of common kno…
How Hand Gestures Contribute to Action Ascription
2019
ABSTRACTThis article investigates the embodied achievement of intersubjectivity by analyzing depictive gestures that are produced during the final components of the ongoing verbal TCU and extended ...
‘Monitoring’ in translation
2019
Abstract We assume that visual feedback from the written trace during translation plays an important role in monitoring the emerging translation. In this study, 44 participants translated with and without visual feedback from the target text (TT). Numerous measures were used to explore the differences between the texts that were created in the two conditions and the characteristics of the task performance in the two conditions. The impact of ST-TT semantic and syntactic relationships showed that there were differences on two of three behavioural measures across conditions. In the comparison of features of the translation process, findings show that ST reading times were longer without visua…
Książę Niccola Machiavellego jako przykład zastosowania toposu zakulisowości
2019
Aby wyjaśnić fenomen popularności Księcia Niccola Machiavellego, należy wskazać na osobliwy sposób komunikowania się autora tego dzieła z czytelnikiem. Autor przedstawia siebie jako fachowca z dziedziny sztuki politycznej, za swoich czytelników zaś chce mieć jedynie tych, którzy, jak on, znają się na rzeczy. Charakterystyczny zimny i, z pozoru przynajmniej, nieozdobny styl, jakim posługuje się autor Księcia, podkreśla dodatkowo profesjonalny i nieosobisty stosunek pisarza do przedmiotu jego rozważań. W kategoriach teorii retorycznej taki sposób komunikowania się daje się opisać jako poszukiwanie okrężnych dróg do tego, co Kenneth Burke określał mianem konsubstancjacji retorycznej. Mówca sta…
Sincerity in Lithuanian epistolarity: Between truth and emotion
2020
AbstractThis paper investigates the lexical representation of sincerity in Lithuanian epistolarity throughout the twentieth century. Drawing on data from the corpus of Lithuanian letters and employing the techniques of corpus, statistical and philological analysis, this paper explores the use, frequency and context of occurrence of the four sets of lexical stems: atvir- (‘open’, ‘frank’), nuošird- (‘sincere’, ‘honest’), šird- (‘heart’), and tikr- (‘authentic’, ‘genuine’, ‘real’). As each of these lexical stems foreground different semantic shades of sincerity, they are treated in this paper as lexical variables that inscribe different degrees of an author’s sincere attitude (stance) toward …
Using discourse markers to negotiate epistemic stance: A view from situated language use
2021
Abstract In this paper, I analyse the usage of a discourse marker =mari, belonging to the epistemic paradigm attested in Upper Napo Kichwa (Quechuan, Ecuador). I show that the use of =mari indicates that the information is known well to the speaker, but also to some extent familiar to the addressee. In situated language use, the marker contributes to creating a knowing epistemic stance of the speaker. The analysis presented here is based on a 13-h documentary corpus of interactive Upper Napo Kichwa discourse, recorded on audio and video. For the purpose of the paper, the relevant utterances are analysed in their broad interactional context, including not only the surrounding text, but also …
2020
Abstract In classroom settings, laughter and smiles are resources for action that are available to both teachers and students. Recent interactional studies have documented how students use these resources to deal with trouble of various kind, but less is known about the sequential and activity contexts of teachers’ laughter-relevant practices, as well as their pedagogical functions. We use multimodal conversation analysis (CA) to investigate the interactional unfolding and pedagogical orientations of teacher smiles during instructional IRE (initiation-response-evaluation) sequences in a corpus of 37 bilingual lessons collected in schools in Finland and Spain. In analysing the focal smiles, …