Search results for "Subsistence"
showing 10 items of 52 documents
THE PLEISTOCENE–HOLOCENE TRANSITION IN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA: CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN HUMAN ADAPTATIONS
1998
Abstract Data obtained from recent excavations (as well as from selected older excavations) are used to outline the principal environmental, technological and economic aspects of the Pleistocene–Holocene transition in three distinct regions of the Iberian Peninsula: Portugal, Cantabrian and Mediterranean Spain. The period covered extends from the terminal Paleolithic Magdalenian period to the initial Neolithic. Despite proximity to SW France and many similarities with that classic prehistoric culture area in terms of artistic/symbolic expression and technology, the Iberian regions show significant differences, especially in terms of subsistence strategies and their development during the Ta…
Priority areas for the conservation of Atlantic forest large mammals
2009
Large mammal faunas in tropical forest landscapes are widely affected by habitat fragmentation and hunting, yet the environmental determinants of their patterns of abundance remain poorly understood at large spatial scales. We analysed population abundance and biomass of 31 species of medium to large-bodied mammal species at 38 Atlantic forest sites (including three islands, 26 forest fragments and six continuous forest sites) as related to forest type, level of hunting pressure and forest fragment size using ANCOVAs. We also derived a novel measure of mammal conservation importance for each site based on a "Mammalian Conservation Priority index" (MPi) which incorporates information on spec…
La garantía social y la autoejecución del derecho al trabajo: La España post-crisis (2007-2017)
2017
What happens when neither the institutions nor the official law are able to cover the basic needs of subsistence and a decent life of an individual or group of people? Do they have, in these situations, a right to self-enforceability of rights? This article will analyze this issue and the main debates associated with it, focusing on the different experiences and types of self-enforceability of the right to work that have occurred in Spain during the last years following the 2007-2008. In particular, it will be analyzed different cases of factory recovery and land occupation and self-management looking at the differences between these two forms of self-executing of the right to work.
The Early Spörer Minimum – A Period of Extraordinary Climate and Socio-economic Changes in Western and Central Europe
2016
Abstract. Throughout the last millennium, mankind was affected by prolonged deviations from the climate mean state. While periods like the Maunder Minimum in the 17th century have been assessed in greater detail, earlier cold periods such as the 15th century received much less attention due to the sparse information available. Based on new evidence from different sources ranging from proxy archives to model simulations, it is now possible to provide an end-to-end assessment about the climate state during an exceptionally cold period in the 15th century, the role of internal, unforced climate variability and external forcing in shaping these extreme climatic conditions, and the impacts on an…
Subsistence/Semi-subsistence Agricultural Exploitations: Their Roles and Dynamics within Rural Economy/Rural Sustainable Development in Romania
2014
Abstract Within the Romanian agriculture subsistence / semi-subsistence agricultural exploitations continue to occupy an important part, the characteristics of their organization and functioning imparting a particular kind of dynamics. The study here aims at highlighting the perspectives on the evolution of subsistence / semi-subsistence agriculture in relation to rural economy and the sustainable rural development. Our main purpose is to bring into analysis the core issues which the Romanian small farms have to face and, at the same time, identify / propose solutions which would contribute to the economic recovery of the agricultural exploitations in question.
Estudio de la fauna del nivel IV del Abrigo de la Quebrada y su aportación al conocimiento de la economía y el comportamiento humano en el Paleolític…
2019
El Abrigo de la Quebrada (Chelva, Valencia) es un yacimiento con varios niveles de ocupación neandertal. El nivel IV, con dos dataciones de 43.930 ± 750 BP (Beta-244002) y >50,6 ka BP (OxA-24855), se caracteriza por su estructura de palimpsesto y la elevada densidad de restos arqueológicos (industria lítica, fauna, carbones y estructuras de combustión). El conjunto óseo se compone de 100.907 restos, con una mayor presencia de las familias Bovidae, Equidae, Cervidae y Testudinidae. La presencia de fracturas frescas, muescas de percusión y marcas de corte confirman el carácter antrópico de la muestra, así como las termoalteraciones. Dada la elevada fragmentación de la muestra (1% de identific…
Research perspectives for the study of Neandertal subsistence strategies based on the analysis of archaeozoological assemblages
2012
Abstract The discipline of archaeozoology holds the potential to considerably contribute to knowledge about the social behaviour of Neandertals. However, the translation of proposed subsistence strategies into predictions about Neandertal social organisation still remains a challenge. The paper discusses the current state of archaeozoological research with respect to Neandertal subsistence. It is concluded that the methodological research focus in archaeozoology has shifted from its original holistic perspective to intensified/specialised studies of particular taphonomic components. The authors argue for a return to a more holistic perspective to develop the full potential of archaeolozoolo…
An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Significance of Digital Economy for Competitiveness in Romanian Rural Area Through E-agriculture
2014
Abstract The digital economy is the key factor in the recovery of the EU economy and especially the Romanian economy. Based on its strengths in technology and knowledge, Europe should exploit the full potential of the digital economy. The digital economy offers great opportunities for SMEs in the manufacturing and service sectors. Therefore, an ambitious Digital Agenda, providing concrete steps to complete the online single market will be a key to sustainable economic recovery and social development of Europe. The understanding of what makes them a success or failure, and how much impact they may have in contributing to the wider rural economy is still relatively poorly developed. What is c…
Conflict and the Evolution of Societies
2012
The Malthusian theory of evolution disregards a pervasive fact about human societies: they expand through conflict. When this is taken account of the long-run favors not a large population at the level of subsistence, nor yet institutions that maximize welfare or per capita output, but rather institutions that maximize free resources. These free resources are the output available to society after deducting the payments necessary for subsistence and for the incentives needed to induce production, and the other claims to production such as transfer payments and resources absorbed by elites. We develop the evolutionary underpinnings of this model, and examine the implications of free resource …
Conflict and the Evolution of Societies
2012
The Malthusian theory of evolution disregards a pervasive fact about human societies: they expand through conflict. When this is taken account of the long-run favors not a large population at the level of subsistence, nor yet institutions that maximize welfare or per capita output, but rather institutions that maximize free resources. These free resources are the output available to society after deducting the payments necessary for subsistence and for the incentives needed to induce pro- duction, and the other claims to production such as transfer payments and resources absorbed by elites. We develop the evolutionary underpinnings of this model, and examine the implications of free resourc…