Search results for "Substitution"

showing 10 items of 536 documents

Simeprevir and daclatasvir for 12 or 24 weeks in treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b and advanced liver disease

2017

Background & Aims: We investigated the efficacy and safety of simeprevir plus daclatasvir in treatment-naïve patients with chronic, genotype 1b hepatitis C virus infection and advanced liver disease, excluding patients with pre-defined NS5A resistance-associated substitutions. Methods: This phase II, open-label, single-arm, multicentre study included patients aged ≥18 years with advanced fibrosis or compensated cirrhosis (METAVIR F3/4). Patients with NS5A-Y93H or L31M/V resistance-associated substitutions at screening were excluded. Simeprevir (150 mg)+daclatasvir (60 mg) once daily was administered for 12 or 24 weeks; treatment could be extended to 24 weeks prior to or at the Week 12 v…

Liver CirrhosisMale0301 basic medicineSimeprevirPyrrolidinesCirrhosisSustained Virologic ResponseHepacivirusmedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologyLiver disease0302 clinical medicineRecurrencehepatitis C viruMultivariate AnalysiAged 80 and overImidazolesValineMiddle AgedRNA ViralDrug Therapy CombinationFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyHumanmedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyDaclatasvirGenotypeLogistic ModelLiver CirrhosiHepatitis C virussimeprevirAntiviral AgentsViral RelapseYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumansdaclatasvirAdverse effectImidazoleAgedAntiviral Agentresistance-associated substitutionHepaciviruHepatologybusiness.industryHepatitis C Chronicgenotype 1bmedicine.diseaseVirologyRegimenLogistic Models030104 developmental biologyMultivariate AnalysisCarbamatesbusinessLiver International
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Is processing speed a valid neurocognitive endophenotype in bipolar disorder? Evidence from a longitudinal, family study.

2021

[Background] Substantial evidence supports the existence of neurocognitive endophenotypes in bipolar disorder (BD), but very few longitudinal studies have included unaffected relatives. In a 5-year, follow-up, family study, we have recently suggested that deficits in manual motor speed and visual memory could be endophenotype candidates for BD. We aimed to explore whether this also applies to processing speed.

Longitudinal studyEndophenotypesBipolar disorderNeuropsychological TestsCognitionVisual memoryHumansMedicineLongitudinal StudiesBipolar disorderBiological Psychiatrybusiness.industryCognitionmedicine.diseaseFamily studyPsychiatry and Mental healthEndophenotypeMoodEndophenotypeDigit symbol substitution testLongitudinal studyCognition DisordersbusinessProcessing speedNeurocognitiveClinical psychology
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BRAFV600E mutation, TIMP-1 upregulation, and NF-κB activation: closing the loop on the papillary thyroid cancer trilogy.

2011

BRAFV600E is the most common mutation found in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB have been shown to play an important role in thyroid cancer. In particular, TIMP-1 binds its receptor CD63 on cell surface membrane and activates Akt signaling pathway, which is eventually responsible for its anti-apoptotic activity. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether interplay among these three factors exists and exerts a functional role in PTCs. To this purpose, 56 PTC specimens were analyzed for BRAFV600E mutation, TIMP-1 expression, and NF-κB activation. We found that BRAFV600E mutation occurs selectively in PTC nodules an…

MAPK/ERK pathwayAdultMaleProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismThyroid cancer TIMP-1 papillary thyroid cancerMutation MissenseGlutamic AcidGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaPapillary thyroid cancerEndocrinologyDownregulation and upregulationInternal medicinemedicineTumor Cells CulturedGene silencingHumansGene Regulatory NetworksNeoplasm InvasivenessThyroid NeoplasmsProtein kinase BThyroid cancerTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1ChemistryAkt/PKB signaling pathwayCarcinomaNF-kappa BValineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCarcinoma PapillaryUp-RegulationGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticEndocrinologyCell Transformation NeoplasticOncologyAmino Acid SubstitutionThyroid Cancer PapillaryCancer researchDisease ProgressionFemaleV600ESignal TransductionEndocrine-related cancer
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Inverted energy gap law for the nonradiative decay in fluorescent floppy molecules: larger fluorescence quantum yields for smaller energy gaps

2019

A data survey on experimental fluorescence quantum yields of (multi)substituted dicyano-distyrylbenzenes in fluid solution evidences that non-radiative decay increases with the Franck-Condon energy (E-FC), being opposite to the conventional energy gap law. Quantum-chemistry indicates that this is controlled by access to the conical intersection (CI) following the Bell-Evans-Polanyi principle as a first-step approximation for this family of molecules; the variations in E-FC among the different compounds are found to be decisive, while those of E-CI are estimated to be weaker or even enhancing the effect. The current findings may have significant consequences for the design of molecules for o…

MECHANISMDERIVATIVES010405 organic chemistryChemistryBand gapSURFACESOrganic ChemistrySolid-stateEXCITED-STATESUBSTITUTIONConical intersectionCONICAL INTERSECTION010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFluorescenceAGGREGATION-INDUCED EMISSION0104 chemical sciencesFluid solutionCHEMISTRYLawNANOPARTICLESMoleculeDEACTIVATIONQuantumEnergy (signal processing)Organic Chemistry Frontiers
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Multinuclear 1H, 13C and 15N NMR study of some substituted 2-amino-4-nitropyridines and their N-oxides.

2002

1H, 13C and 15N NMR chemical shift assignments based on pulsed field gradient selected PFG 1H,X (X = 15C and 15N) HMQC and HMBC experiments are reported for three 4-nitropyridine N-oxides and four 4-nitropyridines. It was found that an ortho effect of a methyl group inhibits the deshielding effect of the 4-nitro group and that this effect and the so-called back donation is influenced by electronegativity and position of substituents in the multisubstituted pyridine N-oxides. The shielding effect of N-oxide group is most pronounced in the 15N NMR chemical shifts of the studied compounds. This effect is further modified by methylamino, methylnitramino, 5- or 3-methyl and 4-nitro groups. Among…

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyChemistryNitrogenPyridinesUltraviolet RaysChemical shiftNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCarbonAnalytical ChemistryElectronegativityOxygenchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyModels ChemicalComputational chemistryPyridineNucleophilic substitutionShielding effectReactivity (chemistry)InstrumentationSpectroscopyMethyl groupSpectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
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TBL1XR1 mutations in Pierpont syndrome are not restricted to the recurrent p.Tyr446Cys mutation

2018

IF 2.264; International audience; Pierpont syndrome is a rare and sporadic syndrome, including developmental delay, facial characteristics, and abnormal extremities. Recently, a recurrent de novo TBL1XR1 variant (c.1337A > G; p.Tyr446Cys) has been identified in eight patients by whole‐exome sequencing. A dominant‐negative effect of this mutation is strongly suspected, since patients with TBL1XR1 deletion and other variants predicting loss of function do not share the same phenotype. We report two patients with typical Pierpont‐like syndrome features. Exome sequencing allowed identifying a de novo heterozygous missense TBL1XR1 variant in both patients, different from those already reported: …

Male0301 basic medicineAdolescentGenotypeReceptors Cytoplasmic and NuclearBiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePIERPONT SYNDROMEGeneticsHumansTBL1XR1Missense mutationAbnormalities MultipleRecurrent mutationGenetic TestingAllelesGenetics (clinical)Exome sequencingLoss functionUltrasonographyGeneticsComparative Genomic Hybridization[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/GeneticsBrainFaciesNuclear ProteinsSyndromeMagnetic Resonance ImagingPhenotype3. Good healthRepressor ProteinsPhenotype030104 developmental biologyAmino Acid Substitution030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMutationMutation (genetic algorithm)Pierpont syndromeAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics Part A
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Impact ofABCsingle nucleotide polymorphisms upon the efficacy and toxicity of induction chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia

2016

Anthracycline uptake could be affected by efflux pumps of the ABC family. The influence of 7 SNPs of ABC genes was evaluated in 225 adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. After multivariate logistic regression there were no significant differences in complete remission, though induction death was associated to ABCB1 triple variant haplotype (p = .020). The ABCB1 triple variant haplotype was related to higher nephrotoxicity (p = .016), as well as this haplotype and the variant allele of ABCB1 rs1128503, rs2032582 to hepatotoxicity (p = .001; p = .049; p  .001). Furthermore, the variant allele of ABCC1 rs4148350 was related to severe hepatotoxicity (p = .044), and the variant al…

Male0301 basic medicineOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypePharmacogenomic Variantsmedicine.medical_treatmentSingle-nucleotide polymorphismNeutropeniaBiologyPolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansIdarubicinProspective cohort studyAllelesAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overChemotherapyHaplotypeInduction chemotherapyMyeloid leukemiaInduction ChemotherapyHematologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLeukemia Myeloid AcuteTreatment Outcome030104 developmental biologyAmino Acid SubstitutionOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisImmunologyATP-Binding Cassette TransportersFemaleBiomarkersmedicine.drugLeukemia & Lymphoma
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Multiclass HCV resistance to direct-acting antiviral failure in real-life patients advocates for tailored second-line therapies

2017

Background & Aims: Despite the excellent efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) reported in clinical trials, virological failures can occur, often associated with the development of resistance-associated substitutions (RASs). This study aimed to characterize the presence of clinically relevant RASs to all classes in real-life DAA failures. Methods: Of the 200 virological failures that were analyzed in 197 DAA-treated patients, 89 with pegylated-interferon+ribavirin (PegIFN+RBV) and 111 without (HCV-1a/1b/1g/2/3/4=58/83/1/6/24/25; 56.8% treatment experienced; 65.5% cirrhotic) were observed. Sanger sequencing of NS3/NS5A/NS5B was performed by home-made protocols, at failure (N= 200) and w…

Male0301 basic medicinehepatitis C virusSustained Virologic ResponseSofosbuvirHepacivirusDrug ResistanceHepacivirusresistance-associated substitutionsViral Nonstructural ProteinsVARIANTSNS5Amedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologychemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRecurrenceINFECTIONantiviral therapyMedicinehepatitis C viruViralTreatment FailureChronicantiviral therapy; direct-acting antivirals; hepatitis C virus; resistance test; resistance-associated substitutions; hepatologybiologyGENOTYPE 1virus diseasesMiddle Agedantiviral therapy; direct-acting antivirals; hepatitis C virus; resistance test; resistance-associated substitutionsSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia ClinicaHepatitis CItalyCombinationInterferonDrug Therapy CombinationFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyAuthor Keywords:antiviral therapyRIBAVIRINSequence AnalysisHumanmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyDaclatasvirGenotypeHepatitis C virusAntiviral AgentsLONG-TERM PERSISTENCEDACLATASVIR03 medical and health sciencesDrug Therapyantiviral therapy; direct-acting antivirals; hepatitis C virus; resistance test; resistance-associated substitutions; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Drug Resistance Viral; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; Genotype; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C Chronic; Humans; Interferons; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Recurrence; Ribavirin; Sequence Analysis DNA; Sofosbuvir; Sustained Virologic Response; Treatment Failure; Viral Nonstructural Proteins; HepatologyTREATMENT-NAIVEInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralRibavirinHumansNS5Aresistance testdirect-acting antiviralsAgedAntiviral Agentresistance-associated substitutiondirect-acting antiviralHepaciviruHepatologyresistance test KeyWords Plus:HEPATITIS-C VIRUSbusiness.industryRibavirinViral Nonstructural ProteinSequence Analysis DNADNAHepatitis C ChronicHepatologybiology.organism_classificationClinical trial030104 developmental biologySOFOSBUVIRchemistrySequence AnalysihepatologyMutationImmunologyInterferonsSofosbuvirbusiness
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NS5A gene analysis by next generation sequencing in HCV nosocomial transmission clusters of HCV genotype 1b infected patients

2019

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the intra-host variability through next-generation-sequencing (NGS) of the NS5A-gene in nosocomial transmission-clusters observed in two Italian hospitals among hepatitis C virus (HCV)-genotype-1b infected patients. Methods: HCV-sequencing was performed by Sanger-sequencing (NS3 + NS5A + NS5B) and by NGS (NS5A, MiSeq-Illumina) in 15 HCV-1b infected patients [five acute with onco-hematologic-disease and 10 (4/6 acute/chronic) with &beta

Male0301 basic medicinevirusesDrug ResistanceHepacivirusViral Nonstructural Proteinsmedicine.disease_causeSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataGastroenterologySettore MED/07chemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineGenotype 1bMedicineVirallcsh:QH301-705.5PhylogenyCross Infectionnosocomial transmissionGastroenterologyHigh-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencingvirus diseasesHCV; NGS; acute infection; chronic infection; nosocomial transmission; sequencing; Acute Disease; Adult; Amino Acid Substitution; Antiviral Agents; Blood Transfusion; Chronic Disease; Cross Infection; Drug Resistance Viral; Female; Genotype; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Interferons; Male; Middle Aged; Phylogeny; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; Viral Nonstructural Proteins; beta-ThalassemiaSingle NucleotideGeneral MedicinesequencingMiddle AgedHepatitis CNGSAcute DiseaseHost-Pathogen InteractionsHCVFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeHepatitis C virusViral quasispeciesPolymorphism Single NucleotideAntiviral AgentsArticleDNA sequencing03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralHumansBlood TransfusionPolymorphismNS5ANS5BGeneHepatologybusiness.industryNosocomial transmissionbeta-Thalassemiabiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionchronic infectionVirologydigestive system diseasesChronic infection030104 developmental biologyAmino Acid Substitutionchemistrylcsh:Biology (General)Chronic DiseaseHCV; NGS; acute infection; chronic infection; nosocomial transmission; sequencingInterferonsbusinessacute infectionDigestive and Liver Disease
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De novo loss-of-function KCNMA1 variants are associated with a new multiple malformation syndrome and a broad spectrum of developmental and neurologi…

2019

Abstract KCNMA1 encodes the large-conductance Ca2+- and voltage-activated K+ (BK) potassium channel α-subunit, and pathogenic gain-of-function variants in this gene have been associated with a dominant form of generalized epilepsy and paroxysmal dyskinesia. Here, we genetically and functionally characterize eight novel loss-of-function (LoF) variants of KCNMA1. Genome or exome sequencing and the participation in the international Matchmaker Exchange effort allowed for the identification of novel KCNMA1 variants. Patch clamping was used to assess functionality of mutant BK channels. The KCNMA1 variants p.(Ser351Tyr), p.(Gly356Arg), p.(Gly375Arg), p.(Asn449fs) and p.(Ile663Val) abolished the …

MaleAtaxiaGenotypeDevelopmental DisabilitiesMutation MissenseBiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeurodevelopmental disorderProtein DomainsLoss of Function MutationGeneticsmedicineHumansMissense mutationAbnormalities MultipleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseProtein Interaction Domains and MotifsAlleleLarge-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha SubunitsMolecular BiologyAllelesGenetic Association StudiesGenetics (clinical)Loss functionExome sequencing030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health sciencesInfant NewbornGeneral MedicineParoxysmal dyskinesiamedicine.diseaseElectrophysiological PhenomenaPedigreePhenotypeAmino Acid SubstitutionSpeech delayFemaleGeneral Articlemedicine.symptom030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHuman Molecular Genetics
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