Search results for "Success"
showing 10 items of 983 documents
Data from: Demographic responses of a site-faithful and territorial predator to its fluctuating prey: long-tailed skuas and arctic lemmings
2013
1. Environmental variability, through interannual variation in food availability or climatic variables, is usually detrimental to population growth. It can even select for constancy in key life-history traits, though some exceptions are known. Changes in the level of environmental variability are therefore important to predict population growth or life-history evolution. Recently, several cyclic vole and lemming populations have shown large dynamical changes, that might affect rodent predator demography or life histories. 2. Skuas constitute an important case study among rodent predators, because of their strongly saturating breeding productivity (they lay only two eggs) and high degree of …
Data from: No evidence for prezygotic postcopulatory avoidance of kin despite high inbreeding depression
2018
Offspring resulting from mating among close relatives can suffer from impaired fitness through the expression of recessive alleles with deleterious effects. Post-copulatory sperm selection (a pre-zygotic mechanism of cryptic female choice) has been suggested to be an effective way to avoid inbreeding. To investigate whether post-copulatory female choice allows avoiding fertilization by close kin, we performed artificial inseminations in a promiscuous bird, the houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata undulata). Females were inseminated with a mix of sperm from triads of males, each constituted of a male genetically unrelated to the female, a first cousin, and a half-sibling. When counting the …
Data from: Reproductive biology including evidence for superfetation in the European badger Meles meles (Carnivora: Mustelidae)
2016
The reproductive biology of the European badger (Meles meles) is of wide interest because it is one of the few mammal species that show delayed implantation and one of only five which are suggested to show superfetation as a reproductive strategy. This study aimed to describe the reproductive biology of female Irish badgers with a view to increasing our understanding of the process of delayed implantation and superfetation. We carried out a detailed histological examination of the reproductive tract of 264 female badgers taken from sites across 20 of the 26 counties in the Republic of Ireland. The key results show evidence of multiple blastocysts at different stages of development present s…
Data from: Burying beetles regulate the microbiome of carcasses and use it to transmit a core microbiota to their offspring
2017
Necrophagous beetles utilize carrion, a highly nutritious resource that is susceptible to intense microbial competition, by treating it with antimicrobial anal and oral secretions. However, how this regulates the carcass microbiota remains unclear. Here, we show that carcasses prepared by the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides undergo significant changes in their microbial communities subsequent to their burial and ‘preparation’. Prepared carcasses hosted a microbial community that was more similar to that of beetles’ anal and oral secretions than to the native carcass community or the surrounding soil, indicating that the beetles regulated the carcass microbiota. A core microbial comm…
Data from: Sperm competition accentuates selection on ejaculate attributes
2019
Ejaculate attributes are important factors driving the probability of fertilizing eggs. When females mate with several males, competition between sperm to fertilize eggs should accentuate selection on ejaculate attributes. We tested this hypothesis in the North African houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata undulata) by comparing the strength of selection acting on two ejaculate attributes when sperm from single males or sperm from different males were used for insemination. In agreement with the prediction, we found that selection on ejaculate attributes was stronger when sperm of different males competed for egg fertilization. These findings provide the first direct comparison of the stren…
Data from: Sex ratio at mating does not modulate age fitness effects in D. melanogaster
2019
Understanding the effects of male and female age on reproductive success is vital to explain the evolution of life history traits and sex-specific ageing. A general prediction is that pre/post-meiotic ageing processes will lead to a decline in the pre- and post-copulatory abilities of both males and females. However, inasmuch as sexes have different strategies to optimize their fitness, the decline of reproductive success late in life can be modulated by social context, such as sex ratio, in a sex-specific manner. In this study, we used Drosophila melanogaster to investigate whether sex ratio at mating modulates age effects on male and female reproductive success. As expected, male and fema…
A methodological framework to enhance the clinical success of cancer immunotherapy.
2011
TCT-282 Risk Factors Associated with Adverse Events during Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: A sub-Analysis of the OPEN-CT…
2016
Coronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are prevalent and the development of the hybrid approach to CTO PCI has been associated with increased technical success rates. However, the incidence and predictors of adverse events (AEs) during CTO PCI remains poorly defined. We analyzed baseline patient
Conclusions. Slowing aging and fighting age-related diseases, from bench to bedside?
2021
Abstract The multiple wide-ranging and diverse aspects of aging discussed in this volume are overviewed and integrated in order to move toward a better understanding of how to achieve successful aging. To this end, potential strategies capable of slowing aging and preventing age-related diseases are considered and actions proposed.
Outcome of Root Canal Treatments Provided by Endodontic Postgraduate Students. A Retrospective Study
2020
The aim of this study was to assess the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors that influenced complete periapical healing in teeth that underwent primary root canal treatment (RCT), in patients treated by postgraduate students in endodontics. Factors were retrieved and compared with the periapical status during the follow-up visit. Healing was considered as the absence of clinical and radiological symptoms. Variables significantly associated by the chi-squared test were included in a logistic regression model (LRM). Preoperative factors associated with healing were: American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) status (p = 0.01)