Search results for "Sudden"
showing 10 items of 195 documents
Atherosclerosis, inflammation and Chlamydia pneumoniae
2009
Coronary heart disease is the single most common cause of illness and death in the developed world. Coronary atherosclerosis is by far the most frequent cause of ischemic heart disease, and plaque disruption with superimposed thrombosis is the main cause of the acute coronary syndromes of unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. Atherosclerosis is the result of a complex interaction between blood elements, disturbed flow, and vessel wall abnormality, involving several pathological processes: inflammation, with increased endothelial permeability, endothelial activation, and monocyte recruitment; growth, with smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and matrix synthesis; …
Feasibility and diagnostic performance of including point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in preparticipation screening of young competitive athletes
2020
AbstractOptimal pre-participative screening in young athletes is still controversial. We sought to evaluate the strategy of including point-of-care ultrasound to electrocardiogram. In total, 1188 young competitive athletes were screened in different sports institutions. This proved to be a useful strategy by improving diagnostic performance primarily with respect to detect structural abnormalities and also by minimising positive false cases of electrocardiogram alone.
Simplified Electrophysiology Modeling Framework to Assess Ventricular Arrhythmia Risk in Infarcted Patients
2021
Patients that have suffered a myocardial infarction are at lifetime high risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD). Personalized 3D computational modeling and simulation can help to find non-invasively arrhythmogenic features of patients’ infarcts, and to provide additional information for stratification and planning of radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Currently, multiscale biophysical models require high computational resources and long simulations times, which make them impractical for clinical environments. In this paper, we develop a phenomenological solver based on cellular automata to simulate cardiac electrophysiology, with results comparable to those of biophysical models. The solver can ru…
Utility of post mortem MRI in definition of thrombus in aneurismatic coronary arteries due to incomplete Kawasaki Disease in infants
2016
Abstract Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that primarily affects the coronary artery (CA) and presents in childhood. The characteristic coronary arterial lesion is an aneurysm, which may lead to thrombosis, dilatation, stenosis, and occlusion. Such an aneurysm is typically calcified and generally develops five or more years after the onset of acute KD. It becomes more noticeable after ten years. KD is sometimes difficult to diagnose because of the limited clinical features, especially in infants younger than 6 months old, where the clinical presentations often do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for KD. We report a case of Incomplete Kawasaki…
The role of fissula ante fenestram in unilateral sudden hearing loss
2016
The cause of unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) remains unclear in many clinical cases. Perilymphatic leakage through a fissula ante fenestram (FAF) fistula is one possible reason. We present four clinical cases with proven FAF fistula, discovered during surgical exploration. All patients experienced partial hearing recovery after surgical coverage of the fistula. We suggest FAF as a possible site for perilymphatic leakage, representing an anatomical correlate for sudden unilateral SNHL. We recommend early exploratory tympanotomy with special attention to the bony region, anterior to the oval window, in cases of severe sudden SNHL and suspected FAF.
Serous Macular Detachment Associated with Dome-Shaped Macula and Tilted Disc
2011
Introduction: An entirely new type of staphyloma has been recently described as dome-shaped macula (DSM). It is characterized by an abnormal convex macular contour within the concavity of a posterior staphyloma. We found DSM associated with serous macular detachment (SMD) and tilted disc in two consecutive cases. Case Reports: Case 1: A 37-year-old female presented to our department because of sudden onset blurred vision in her right eye (OD). The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.5 in both eyes. Funduscopy evidenced bilateral tilted disc associated with posterior staphyloma. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated a DSM with SMD in her OD. After 15 months of follow-up, BCVA…
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: What the anesthesiologist should know
2016
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a rather common sleep disorder and constitutes a risk or an aggravating factor for various underlying diseases. OSAS is characterised by repeated upper airway collapse during sleep causing fragmented sleep, hypoxemia and hypercapnia. It may also cause considerable changes in intrathoracic pressure and an increase in sympathetic nervous activity, which represent the basis of associated pathologies such as arterial hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke and sudden death [1]. Moreover, there is a well-established association between OSAS and postoperative complications [2, 3]. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patien…
Special Article - Exercise-induced right ventricular injury or arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM): The bright side and the dark side of the moon.
2020
There is still debate on the range of normal physiologic changes of the right ventricle or ventricular (RV) function in athletes. Genetic links to arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) are well-established. There is no current consensus on the importance of extensive exercise and exercise-induced injury to the RV. During the intensive exercise of endurance sports, the cardiac structures adapt to athletic load over time. Some athletes develop RV cardiomyopathy possibly caused by genetic predisposition, whilst others develop arrhythmias from the RV. Endurance sports lead to increased volume and pressure load in both ventricles and increased myocardial mass. The extent of volume increase and cha…
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and fibrosis: correlation between late gadolinium enhancement on CMR and speckle tracking imaging using Ultrasound
2015
Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most frequent genetic cardiovascular disorder and represents one of the most common cause of heart related sudden death in young adults. Myocardial fibrosis seems to be an independant predictor of adverse events including sudden death, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure. While late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) is actually the gold-standard to detect fibrosis, new techniques are being evaluated such as 2D strain echocardiography.