Search results for "Suppression"
showing 10 items of 404 documents
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2-IgG Antibodies in Children with CKD or Immunosuppression
2021
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly spread from China as a pandemic, with Italy one of the most affected countries worldwide. Unlike adults, children have a milder presentation of COVID-19, even when affected by CKD or on immunosuppressive therapy for glomerulopathies and kidney
Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): A review and meta-analysis of studies in psychiatric and neurological disorders
2016
The visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) response is an event-related potential (ERP) component, which is automatically elicited by events that violate predictions based on prior events. VMMN experiments use visual stimulus repetition to induce predictions, and vMMN is obtained by subtracting the response to rare unpredicted stimuli from those to frequent stimuli. One increasingly popular interpretation of the mismatch response postulates that vMMN, similar to its auditory counterpart (aMMN), represents a prediction error response generated by cortical mechanisms forming probabilistic representations of sensory signals. Here we discuss the physiological and theoretical basis of vMMN and review…
Splenic Littoral Cell Hemangioendothelioma in a Patient With Crohn's Disease Previously Treated With Immunomodulators and Anti-TNF Agents: A Rare Tum…
2011
Th e risk of malignancy in Crohn ’ s disease (CD) has been well described. Moreover, immunomodulators, uch as azathioprine (AZA) and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), and biological agents, such as infl iximab and adalimumab, may promote carcinogenesis ( 1 – 3 ). Splenic littoral cell tumors are recently described tumors of vascular origin composed of endothelial cells, with typical microscopic and immunohistochemical features of splenic sinus lining cells ( 4 ). Clinical findings are not specific, and outcome is unpredictable but usually benign, although a few cases with a malignant behavior have been reported ( 5,6 ). We report a 58-year-old Caucasian man with a long history of ileocolonic CD.
Energy dependence of the transverse momentum distributions of charged particles in pp collisions measured by ALICE
2013
Differential cross sections of charged particles in inelastic pp collisions as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ have been measured at $\sqrt{s}=$ 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV at the LHC. The $p_{\rm T}$ spectra are compared to NLO-pQCD calculations. Though the differential cross section for an individual $\sqrt{s}$ cannot be described by NLO-pQCD, the relative increase of cross section with $\sqrt{s}$ is in agreement with NLO-pQCD. Based on these measurements and observations, procedures are discussed to construct pp reference spectra at $\sqrt{s} =$ 2.76 and 5.02 TeV up to $p_{\rm T}$ = 50 GeV/$c$ as required for the calculation of the nuclear modification factor in nucleus-nucleus and proton-nucleus coll…
Transverse momentum spectra and nuclear modification factors of charged particles in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
2018
We report the measured transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) spectra of primary charged particles from pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV in the kinematic range of $0.15<p_{\rm T}<50$ GeV/$c$ and $|\eta|< 0.8$. A significant improvement of systematic uncertainties motivated the reanalysis of data in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV, as well as in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV, which is also presented. Spectra from Pb-Pb collisions are presented in nine centrality intervals and are compared to a reference spectrum from pp collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. For cent…
Der gegenwärtige Stand der Blutfiltration - Grundlagen und klinische Bedeutung von Leukozytendepletions- und Mikroaggregatfiltern bei der Bluttransfu…
1993
In this review the role of the latest generation of leukodepletion blood filters and the adverse reaction of leukocytes i.e. alloimmunisation, immunosuppression, nonhaemolytic febrile transfusion reaction, platelet refractoriness, transmission of infectious agents are described and discussed. Leukocyte-poor blood component is indicated for patients with a history of nonhaemolytic febrile transfusion reaction, in avoiding alloimmunisation in patients waiting for transplantation or platelet refractoriness and in preventing CMV-infection. In the review the role of microaggregate filters in transfusion complications, namely, nonhaemolytic febrile transfusion reaction, thrombocytopenia, adult re…
CD73-generated extracellular adenosine in chronic lymphocytic leukemia creates local conditions counteracting drug-induced cell death
2011
Abstract Extracellular adenosine (ADO), generated from ATP or ADP through the concerted action of the ectoenzymes CD39 and CD73, elicits autocrine and paracrine effects mediated by type 1 purinergic receptors. We have tested whether the expression of CD39 and CD73 by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells activates an adenosinergic axis affecting growth and survival. By immunohistochemistry, CD39 is widely expressed in CLL lymph nodes, whereas CD73 is restricted to proliferation centers. CD73 expression is highest on Ki-67+ CLL cells, adjacent to T lymphocytes, and is further localized to perivascular areas. CD39+/CD73+ CLL cells generate ADO from ADP in a time- and concentration-dependen…
Interferon-Beta Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis Patients Improves the Responsiveness of T Cells for Immune Suppression by Regulatory T Cells
2015
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by imbalanced immune regulatory networks, and MS patient-derived T effector cells are inefficiently suppressed through regulatory T cells (Treg), a phenomenon known as Treg resistance. In the current study we investigated T cell function in MS patients before and after interferon-beta therapy. We compared cytokine profile, responsiveness for Treg-mediated suppression ex vivo and evaluated reactivity of T cells in vivo using a humanized mouse model. We found that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of therapy-naive MS patients were resistant to Treg-mediated suppression. Treg resistance is associated with an augmented IL-6 product…
Time-dependent changes in serum 3α-androstanediol glucuronide correlate with hirsutism scores after ovarian suppression
1995
The clinical utility of serum 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide level has been controversial. Among the concerns regarding its lack of utility has been the finding that suppression of serum 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide does not occur readily with treatment. We hypothesized that because the treatment of hirsutism requires a prolonged duration, a longer observation period is required for changes in serum 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide to be measured. Therefore, we studied the clinical and hormonal changes in 11 women treated for hirsutism with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) for 1 year. A progressive reduction in Ferriman-Gallwey scores occurred, which was signifi…
Long-term graft function of adult rat and human islets encapsulated in novel alginate-based microcapsules after transplantation in immunocompetent di…
2005
We describe the results of the first study to show that adult rat and human islets can be protected against xenogenic rejection in immunocompetent diabetic mice by encapsulating them in a novel alginate-based microcapsule system with no additional permselective membrane. Nonencapsulated islets lost function within 4–8 days after being transplanted into diabetic Balb/c mice, whereas transplanted encapsulated adult rat or human islets resulted in normoglycemia for &gt;7 months. When rat islet grafts were removed 10 and 36 weeks after transplantation, the mice became immediately hyperglycemic, thus demonstrating the efficacy of the encapsulated islets. The explanted capsules showed only a …