Search results for "Sympatholytics"

showing 3 items of 33 documents

Absorption of oxybutynin from vaginal inserts: drug blood levels and the response of the rabbit bladder.

2000

Abstract Objectives. Oxybutynin has been used for treatment of urge urinary incontinence for more than 20 years. However, one of the major problems with its use is uncomfortable anticholinergic side effects that can lead to discontinuation of treatment. Alternative forms of drug administration may reduce side effects and thus improve patient compliance. Methods. A cylinder-shaped, curved silicone elastomer insert containing oxybutynin was anchored in the vagina of female rabbits. The inserts were designed to release oxybutynin at rates of 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/day, respectively. Blood drug and metabolite levels were monitored for 1 to 7 days and cystometry was carried out after 7 days of tre…

Urologymedia_common.quotation_subjectUrinary Bladdermedicine.disease_causeUrinationAbsorptionBlood drugMedicineAnimalsOxybutyninActive metabolitemedia_commonUrinary bladdermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCystometryParasympatholyticsAdministration Intravaginalmedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaDelayed-Action PreparationsVaginaVaginaSilicone ElastomersMandelic AcidsFemaleRabbitsIrritationbusinessmedicine.drugComplianceUrology
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Antihistaminic and anticholinergic activities of mequitazine in comparison with clemizole

1988

Abstract The antihistamine and anticholinergic properties of mequitazine have been investigated and compared with those of clemizole. Both mequitazine and clemizole antagonized the effect of histamine in guinea-pig ileum competitively, the pA2 values calculated by Schild plot were 9.95 ± 0.44 for mequitazine and 10.54 ± 0.44 for clemizole. Mequitazine at 10−7 M produced a parallel shift of the dose-response curve to acetylcholine in the rat duodenum, clemizole and the lower doses of mequitazine failed to modify the effect of acetylcholine. The potency of mequitazine and clemizole as H1-histamine blockers is similar, but only mequitazine at highest concentration used showed anticholinergic a…

medicine.medical_specialtyDuodenummedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentGuinea PigsPharmaceutical ScienceIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyParasympatholyticchemistry.chemical_compoundPhenothiazinesInternal medicinemedicineAnticholinergicAnimalsPotencyMequitazinePharmacologyParasympatholyticsMuscle SmoothRats Inbred StrainsAcetylcholineRatsClemizoleSchild regressionEndocrinologychemistryHistamine H1 AntagonistsBenzimidazolesAntihistamineHistamineHistamineMuscle Contractionmedicine.drugJournal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
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Characterization of prejunctional muscarinic autoreceptors in the guinea-pig trachea

1991

1. The effects of ten muscarinic antagonists on electrically evoked [3H]-acetylcholine release and muscle contraction were compared in an epithelium-free preparation of the guinea-pig trachea that had been preincubated with [3H]-choline. 2. The M3-selective antagonists UH-AH 37, 4-diphenyl-acetoxy-N-piperidine methobromide and para-fluorohexahydrosiladiphenidol were more potent in reducing the contractile response than in facilitating the evoked [3H]-acetylcholine release. Hexahydrosiladiphenidol did not discriminate between pre- and postjunctional effects. The rank order of the postjunctional potencies of the ten antagonists as well as the postjunctional pA2 values obtained for hexahydrosi…

medicine.medical_specialtyGuinea PigsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyCholinechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineMethoctramineAnimalsReceptorPharmacologyParasympatholyticsMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3Muscle SmoothMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Receptors MuscarinicAcetylcholineElectric StimulationTracheaEndocrinologychemistryAutoreceptormedicine.symptomAcetylcholineMuscle ContractionResearch Articlemedicine.drugMuscle contractionBritish Journal of Pharmacology
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