Search results for "Synthetic"

showing 10 items of 723 documents

Climate Data Records of Vegetation Variables from Geostationary SEVIRI/MSG Data: Products, Algorithms and Applications

2019

The scientific community requires long-term data records with well-characterized uncertainty and suitable for modeling terrestrial ecosystems and energy cycles at regional and global scales. This paper presents the methodology currently developed in EUMETSAT within its Satellite Application Facility for Land Surface Analysis (LSA SAF) to generate biophysical variables from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) on board MSG 1-4 (Meteosat 8-11) geostationary satellites. Using this methodology, the LSA SAF generates and disseminates at a time a suite of vegetation products, such as the leaf area index (LAI), the fraction of the photosynthetically active radiation absorbed …

Data records010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesData productsSciencemeteosat second generation (MSG); biophysical parameters (LAI; FVC; FAPAR); SEVIRI; climate data records (CDR); stochastic spectral mixture model (SSMM); Satellite Application Facility for Land Surface Analysis (LSA SAF)0211 other engineering and technologiesstochastic spectral mixture model (SSMM)02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesFAPAR)climate data records (CDR)Leaf area index021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesQVegetationSEVIRIMixture modelSatellite Application Facility for Land Surface Analysis (LSA SAF)FVCbiophysical parameters (LAIPhotosynthetically active radiationGeostationary orbitGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental sciencemeteosat second generation (MSG)SatelliteAlgorithmRemote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 18; Pages: 2103
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A Polyphenylene Dendrimer Drug Transporter with Precisely Positioned Amphiphilic Surface Patches

2014

The design and synthesis of a polyphenylene dendrimer (PPD 3) with discrete binding sites for lipophilic guest molecules and characteristic surface patterns is presented. Its semi-rigidity in combination with a precise positioning of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups at the periphery yields a refined architecture with lipophilic binding pockets that accommodate defined numbers of biologically relevant guest molecules such as fatty acids or the drug doxorubicin. The size, architecture, and surface textures allow to even penetrate brain endothelial cells that are a major component of the extremely tight blood-brain barrier. In addition, low to no toxicity is observed in in vivo studies using…

DendrimersScaffoldEmbryo NonmammalianMaterials sciencePolymersStereochemistryBiomedical EngineeringPharmaceutical ScienceChemistry Techniques SyntheticBlood–brain barrierCell LineBiomaterialsMiceIn vivoDendrimerAmphiphilemedicineAnimalsHumansMoleculeTissue DistributionBinding siteZebrafishDrug CarriersBrainEndothelial CellsTransportermedicine.anatomical_structureDoxorubicinDrug DesignBiophysicsHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsAdvanced Healthcare Materials
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The development of synthetic antitumour vaccines from mucin glycopeptide antigens.

2013

Based on important cell-biological and biochemical results concerning the structural difference between membrane glycoproteins of normal epithelial cells and epithelial tumour cells, tumour-associated glycopeptide antigens have been chemically synthesised and structurally confirmed. Glycopeptide structures of the tandem repeat sequence of mucin MUC1 of epithelial tumour cells constitute the most promising tumour-associated antigens. In order to generate a sufficient immunogenicity of these endogenous structures, usually tolerated by the immune system, these synthetic glycopeptide antigens were conjugated to immune stimulating components: in fully synthetic two-component vaccines either with…

DendrimersVaccines SyntheticChemistryImmunogenicityT-LymphocytesMucin-1ToxoidGeneral ChemistryCancer VaccinesEpitopeGlycopeptideAntibodiesImmune systemEpitope mappingAntigenNeoplasmsImmunologyTetanus ToxoidAnimalsHumansMUC1Epitope MappingChemical Society reviews
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Insights into how nucleotide supplements enhance the peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme activity of the G-quadruplex/hemin system

2012

Since the initial discovery of the catalytic capability of short DNA fragments, this peculiar enzyme-like property (termed DNAzyme) has continued to garner much interest in the scientific community because of the virtually unlimited applications in developing new molecular devices. Alongside the exponential rise in the number of DNAzyme applications in the last past years, the search for convenient ways to improve its overall efficiency has only started to emerge. Credence has been lent to this strategy by the recent demonstration that the quadruplex-based DNAzyme proficiency can be enhanced by ATP supplements. Herein, we have made a further leap along this path, trying first of all to deci…

DeoxyribozymeNanotechnologyBiology010402 general chemistryG-quadruplex01 natural sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundAdenosine TriphosphateGeneticsNucleotideCatalytic efficiencyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classificationSupplementary data010405 organic chemistryNucleotides[CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/CatalysisDNADNA Catalytic0104 chemical sciences[SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/BiophysicsG-QuadruplexesCatalytic cyclechemistryBiochemistryPeroxidasesSynthetic Biology and ChemistryHeminOverall efficiencyHeminNucleic Acids Research
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Acid-induced rearrangement of epoxygermacra-8,12-olides: synthesis and absolute configuration of guaiane and eudesmane derivatives from artemisiifolin

2010

A study on the acid-induced rearrangement of 4,5-epoxy- and 1,10-epoxygermacra-8,12-olides was carried out. From a 4,5-epoxy derivative, guaianes were obtained, whereas 1,10-epoxy derivatives furnished, depending on the stereochemistry of the C-1/C-10 epoxy ring, trans-5β,10α- or trans-5α,10β-eudesmanolides.

Derivative (finance)ChemistryStereochemistryvisual_artOrganic ChemistryAbsolute configurationvisual_art.visual_art_mediumsynthetic methods terpenoids rearrangement cyclization natural productsEpoxySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRing (chemistry)Terpenoid
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Simultaneous determination of third-generation synthetic cannabinoids in oral fluids using cyclodextrin-silica porous sorbents

2022

Abstract A microporous material made of cyclodextrin units covalently immobilized into a silica network has found an innovative bioanalytical application in the sample clean-up and simultaneous isolation of three synthetic cannabinoids (ADB-CHMICA, MMB-CHMICA, and MDMB-CHMCZCA) from human oral fluid through solid-phase extraction. The subsequent quantitation is carried out using liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detection. The optimized experimental procedure gives recoveries ranging from 76% to 96% in oral fluid samples spiked with the studied cannabinoids at the µg L-1 level. High selectivity is obtained through the extraction procedure due to the presence of cyclodextrin in t…

Detection limitchemistry.chemical_classificationBioanalysisChromatographyCyclodextrinExtraction (chemistry)SorptionMicroporous materialAnalytical ChemistrychemistrySynthetic cannabinoidsmedicinePorous mediumSpectroscopymedicine.drugMicrochemical Journal
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Hybrid Chelator-Based PSMA Radiopharmaceuticals: Translational Approach

2021

(1) Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been extensively studied in the last decade. It became a promising biological target in the diagnosis and therapy of PSMA-expressing cancer diseases. Although there are several radiolabeled PSMA inhibitors available, the search for new compounds with improved pharmacokinetic properties and simplified synthesis is still ongoing. In this study, we developed PSMA ligands with two different hybrid chelators and a modified linker. Both compounds have displayed a promising pharmacokinetic profile. (2) Methods: DATA5m.SA.KuE and AAZTA5.SA.KuE were synthesized. DATA5m.SA.KuE was labeled with gallium-68 and radiochemical yields of various…

Diagnostic ImagingGlutamate Carboxypeptidase IIBiodistributionmedia_common.quotation_subjectPharmaceutical ScienceOrganic chemistryChemistry Techniques Syntheticurologic and male genital diseasesArticleAnalytical ChemistryTranslational Research BiomedicalMicechemistry.chemical_compoundhybrid chelatorNude mouseQD241-441In vivoNeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryLNCaPAnimalsHumansChelationradionuclide diagnosis and therapyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInternalizationChelating Agentsmedia_commonMolecular StructurebiologyChemistryRadiochemistrybiology.organism_classificationDisease Models AnimalKineticsChemistry (miscellaneous)Isotope LabelingAntigens SurfaceHeterograftsMolecular MedicineRadiopharmaceuticalsAmmonium acetateEx vivoprostate specific membrane antigen PSMAProtein BindingMolecules
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Multispectral integral imaging acquisition and processing using a monochrome camera and a liquid crystal tunable filter

2012

This paper presents an acquisition system and a procedure to capture 3D scenes in different spectral bands. The acquisition system is formed by a monochrome camera, and a Liquid Crystal Tunable Filter (LCTF) that allows to acquire images at different spectral bands in the [480, 680]nm wavelength interval. The Synthetic Aperture Integral Imaging acquisition technique is used to obtain the elemental images for each wavelength. These elemental images are used to computationally obtain the reconstruction planes of the 3D scene at different depth planes. The 3D profile of the acquired scene is also obtained using a minimization of the variance of the contribution of the elemental images at each …

Diagnostic ImagingPoint spread functionSynthetic aperture radarOptics and PhotonicsSkin NeoplasmsLightComputer scienceMultispectral imageImage processingPattern Recognition AutomatedMultispectral pattern recognitionImaging Three-DimensionalOpticsThree-dimensional image acquisitionImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineLiquid crystal tunable filterHumansMonochromeMelanomaThree-dimensional sensingIntegral imagingModels StatisticalPixelbusiness.industryLiquid Crystal Tunable FilterThree-dimensional image processingReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignSpectral bandsMultispectral and hyperspectral imagingmedicine.diseaseAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLiquid CrystalsSkin cancerbusinessAlgorithms
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Generative Adversarial Networks in Cardiology

2021

A B S T R A C T Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are state-of-the-art neural network models used to synthesize images and other data. GANs brought a considerable improvement to the quality of synthetic data, quickly becoming the standard for data generation tasks. In this work, we summarize the applications of GANs in the field of cardiology, including generation of realistic cardiac images, electrocardiography signals, and synthetic electronic health records. The utility of GAN-generated data is discussed with respect to research, clinical care, and academia. Moreover, we present illustrative examples of our GAN-generated cardiac magnetic resonance and echocardiography images, showin…

Diagnostic Imagingmedicine.medical_specialtyModality (human–computer interaction)Artificial neural networkbusiness.industryTest data generationmedia_common.quotation_subjectCardiologyFidelityReal imageSynthetic dataField (computer science)WorkflowInternal medicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineCardiologyHumansNeural Networks ComputerCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedia_commonCanadian Journal of Cardiology
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Direct synthesis of C3-mono-functionalized oxindoles from N-unprotected 2-oxindole and their antileishmanial activity.

2014

A novel approach for the synthesis of unprecedented C3-mono-functionalized indolin-2-ones is reported, starting from 2-oxindole and chalcones. The reactions proceed regioselectively under mild conditions, without di- and tri-alkylated side products. The new compounds have been evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative effects against the protozoan Leishmania infantum. Interestingly, they appear able to kill L. infantum promastigotes and amastigotes, without significant cytotoxic effects.

DiastereoselectivityLeishmanicidal activityIndolesStereochemistryClinical BiochemistryAntiprotozoal AgentsDrug Evaluation PreclinicalPharmaceutical Science2-oxindoleChemistry Techniques SyntheticBiochemistryCell LineMiceStructure-Activity RelationshipChalconeMichael additionparasitic diseasesDrug DiscoveryToxicity TestsAnimalsLeishmania infantumAmastigoteMolecular BiologyLeishmaniaOxindoles; Michael addition; Leishmania; Leishmanicidal activity; Diastereoselectivity; CyclizationbiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryOrganic Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationLeishmaniaCombinatorial chemistryIn vitroOxindolesCyclizationMichael reactionMolecular MedicineOxindoleLeishmania infantumBioorganicmedicinal chemistry
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