Search results for "Systematic"
showing 10 items of 7608 documents
Effect of epidermal papillomatosis on survival of the freshwater fish Rutilus rutilus.
2004
Epidermal papillomatosis occurs in several marine and freshwater fish species. Previously, papillomatosis has been shown to induce mortality in juvenile carp. We studied the effect of epidermal papillomatosis on the survival of adult male roach Rutilus rutilus by caging naturally diseased, marked (by us) fish in the field. Within the constraints of the experimental design, there was no difference in survival between healthy, slightly diseased and heavily diseased fish. Therefore, we conclude that the possible effect of epidermal papillomatosis on the mortality of wild roach is relatively minor.
Quantification de révolution morphologique du crâne des Hominidés et hétérochronies
1998
Abstract Comparisons of adult skulls of various species of great apes, fossil hominids and modern humans in the sagittal, Francfort and ortho-sagittal planes reveal a series of three separate organisation plans: ‘Great Ape’, ‘Australopithecine’ and ‘Homo’, the latter including primitive men ( Homo ergaster-erectus-neandertalensis ) and modern humans ( Homo sapiens ). Morphological changes between these plans are quantified for the first time here by vector fields. This study confirms the existence of cranio-facial contraction, which occurs as a series of leaps. The juvenile morphology of the great ape skull is broadly preserved in adult Homo sapiens, suggesting that numerous heterochronies …
The Internationalization of Family SMEs: A Literature Review and Research Agenda
2022
The chapter intends to stimulate a debate on the internationalization processes of small and medium-sized family businesses (family SMEs), which is a specific topic that business literature has only recently deepened. Several research works are dealing with internationalization strategies, but only a few studies focus on SMEs’ internationalization. The chapter aims to discuss the state of the art of the field, which seems to be increasingly explored by academics. Our focus was to identify the factors which can positively or negatively impact SMEs’ internationalization processes. Moreover, we intend to fill the research gap in terms of literature review on the field. The methodology is based…
Motivational strategies in interventions for intimate partner violence offenders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled tria…
2020
ABSTRACT Previous research suggests that the inclusion of motivational strategies in interventions for intimate partner violence (IPV) offenders could increase their effectiveness. This review evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for IPV offenders that includes motivational strategies to reduce physical and psychological IPV, treatment dropout, official recidivism to IPV offending, and to increase intervention attendance dose. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using PRISMA guidelines. The following databases were searched from 1983 to 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions for IPV offenders that incorporated motivational strategies…
Influences of Relatedness, Food Deprivation, and Sex on Adult Behaviors in the Group-living Insect Forficula auricularia
2014
The evolution of group living is generally associated with the emergence of social behaviors that ensure fitness benefits to group members. However, the expression of these behaviors may depend on group composition, which can vary over time with respect to sex, starvation status, and relatedness. Here, we investigated (1) whether adults of the group-living European earwig, Forficula auricularia, show cooperative behaviors toward conspecifics and (2) whether sex, food availability, and relatedness shape the nature and frequency of these behaviors. We conducted a full-factorial experiment using 108 unisexual pairs of adults, in which we manipulated these three factors and video-recorded the e…
Chemosensory Receptors in the Larval Maxilla of Papilio hospiton
2022
Among the butterflies of the genus Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), Papilio hospiton (Géné) has a geographical distribution limited to the Mediterranean islands of Sardinia (Italy) and Corsica (France). This is mainly due to the host range that includes only a few plant species of Apiaceae and Rutaceae growing on these islands. In a previous electrophysiological investigation conducted on the maxillary gustatory system of larvae of P. hospiton and its closely phylogenetically related species Papilio machaon, a significantly higher spike activity was shown for the gustatory neurons of lateral and medial styloconic sensilla in P. hospiton when bitter compounds were tested. This effect was…
EPA guidance on physical activity as a treatment for severe mental illness: a meta-review of the evidence and Position Statement from the European Ps…
2018
AbstractPhysical activity (PA) may be therapeutic for people with severe mental illness (SMI) who generally have low PA and experience numerous life style-related medical complications. We conducted a meta-review of PA interventions and their impact on health outcomes for people with SMI, including schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder. We searched major electronic databases until January 2018 for systematic reviews with/without meta-analysis that investigated PA for any SMI. We rated the quality of studies with the AMSTAR tool, grading the quality of evidence, and identifying gaps, future research needs and clinical practice recommendations.…
Ecotoxicological Effects of Ibuprofen on Plant Growth of Vigna unguiculata L.
2020
Despite the prevalence of the common pharmaceutical ibuprofen (IBU) in water and sediments worldwide, the effects of IBU on plants are largely unknown. This study was designed to assess the ecotoxicological effects of emerging pharmaceutical pollutant IBU on plant growth and development in a series of toxicity experiments using cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Plant growth parameters (morphological and physicochemical) were investigated under a series of IBU concentrations (0, 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 ppm IBU). IBU exposure reduced the shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, leaf area, and chlorophyll a and b, carotenoid, total chlorophyll, mineral (K and Mg), glutathione reductase, and…
Usability Work in Agile Systems Development Practice: A Systematic Review
2013
In this chapter we present the results of a systematic literature review of the recommendations in the existing research literature on usability work in agile systems development. The review contributes by summarizing the literature in light of seven claims about how to integrate usability work into an agile development project. By analyzing the claims we show how the previous literature provides grounds, warrants, backing, rebuttal, and qualification with regard to each of them. From this comprehensive overview of the literature we then discuss a research agenda with a particular focus on how situational factors for the claims must be researched and how this must encompass identified rebut…
Relationships between earthworm communities and burrow numbers under different land use systems
2010
International audience; This study addresses the influence of three different land use systems (continuous maize, pasture/maize rotation, permanent pasture) on the relationships between earthworm populations and the number of earthworm burrows quantified in a soil profile. Quantified burrows were limited to those observable by the naked eye (i.e. >2 mm in diameter) and enumerated earthworms were limited to those which could have created the observable burrows (i.e. >0.3 g). The results were combined with data from the literature coming from different geographical regions. This study showed that earthworm abundance decreased with the increasing land management intensity (maize crop vs. pastu…