Search results for "Systems"

showing 10 items of 11952 documents

Prevalence of corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery.

2008

To analyze the prevalence and presentation patterns of corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery candidates.University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.Refractive and keratometric values were measured before surgery in patients having cataract extraction. Descriptive statistics of refractive and keratometric cylinder data were analyzed and correlated by age ranges.Refractive and keratometric data from 4,540 eyes of 2,415 patients (mean age 60.59 years +/- 9.87 [SD]; range 32 to 87 years) differed significantly when the patients were divided into 10-year subsets. There was a trend toward less negative corneal astigmatism values, except the steepest corneal radius and the J(45) vector component, in…

AdultMaleRefractive errormedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentEye diseaseIntraocular lensCataract ExtractionAstigmatismCorneal DiseasesVision disorderAge DistributionCorneaOphthalmologymedicinePrevalenceHumansProspective StudiesAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryAstigmatismCataract surgeryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureSpainOptometrySurgeryFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessCorneal astigmatismJournal of cataract and refractive surgery
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CD4-mediated regulatory T-cell activation inhibits the development of disease in a humanized mouse model of allergic airway disease

2012

Background Based on their potency to control allergic diseases, regulatory T (Treg) cells represent a promising target for novel strategies to interfere with allergic airway inflammation. We have previously demonstrated that stimulation of the CD4 molecule on human Treg cells activates their suppressive activity in vitro and in vivo . Objective We sought to determine the effect of CD4-mediated Treg-cell activation on pulmonary inflammation in a humanized mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Methods PBMCs obtained from donors allergic to birch pollen or from healthy donors were injected into NOD-severe combined immunodeficiency γc −/− mice, followed by allergen airway challenges and …

AdultMaleRegulatory T cellAHRImmunologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenaInflammationMice SCIDHIV Envelope Protein gp120pulmonary inflammationmedicine.disease_causeT-Lymphocytes Regulatoryregulatory T cellsMiceImmune systemAllergenRespiratory HypersensitivitymedicineAnimalsHumansImmunology and AllergyImmunodeficiencySensitizationSevere combined immunodeficiencybusiness.industryhemic and immune systemsPneumoniaMiddle Agedrespiratory systemmedicine.diseaseRecombinant ProteinsHumanized animal modelrespiratory tract diseasesDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureCD4 AntigensImmunologyHumanized mouseLeukocytes MononuclearFemaleInterleukin-4Bronchial Hyperreactivitymedicine.symptombusinessJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Endothelial study of iris-claw phakic lens: four year follow-up.

1998

Abstract Purpose: To study quantitative and morphometric endothelial changes in phakic eyes implanted with the Worst iris-claw lens to correct high myopia. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital “La Fe”, Valencia, Spain. Material and Methods: This retrospective study involved 111 phakic eyes (73 patients) implanted with the Worst iris-claw lens. Noncontact specular microscopy and computer-assisted analysis was performed preoperatively and 6 months and 1, 2, 3, and 4 years postoperatively. Results: The mean cell loss was 3.85% at 6 months, 6.59% at 1 year, 9.22% at 2 years, 11.68% at 3 years, and 13.42% at 4 years. At 2 years, the hexagonality and coefficient variation in …

AdultMaleReoperationmedicine.medical_specialtyRefractive errorVisual acuitygenetic structuresAnterior Chambermedicine.medical_treatmentEye diseaseCorneal TouchVisual AcuityIrisIntraocular lensCell CountPhakic intraocular lensCorneal DiseasesVision disorderPostoperative ComplicationsLens Implantation IntraocularOphthalmologyCorneaMyopiaMedicineHumansCell SizeRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryEndothelium CornealMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsSurgeryOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureSurgeryFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessFollow-Up StudiesJournal of cataract and refractive surgery
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Management of Cochlear Implant Electrode Migration.

2016

The present study reviewed a cochlear implant (CI) patient population after surgery, which received a free-fitting electrode carrier designed for hearing preservation. The aim was to determine the rate of electrode migration of the CI electrodes and present clinical and surgical implications.Retrospective patient review.Tertiary referral university hospital.Two hundred seventy-eight patients implanted uni- or bilaterally with lateral wall electrodes designed for hearing preservation (358 implants). The control group was 323 patients implanted uni- or bilaterally with preformed perimodiolar electrodes (468 implants).Determination of CI electrode migration was conducted according to a clinica…

AdultMaleReoperationmedicine.medical_specialtySpeech perceptionmedicine.medical_treatmentAudiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHearingCochlear implantotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineHumans030223 otorhinolaryngologyCochlear implantationAgedRetrospective StudiesHearing preservationbusiness.industryHearing TestsMiddle AgedCochlear ImplantationSensory SystemsProsthesis FailurePatient populationCochlear ImplantsOtorhinolaryngologySpeech PerceptionFemaleNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOtologyneurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
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Subthreshold low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation selectively decreases facilitation in the motor cortex

2002

Objective: To investigate the modulatory effect of a subthreshold low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) train on motor cortex excitability. Methods: The study consisted of two separate experiments. Subjects received a 10 min long subthreshold 1Hz rTMS train. In the first experiment, (single pulse paradigm), cortical excitability was assessed by measuring the amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) before and after the rTMS train. In the second experiment, a paired pulse paradigm was employed. Results: Corticospinal excitability, as measured by the MEP amplitude, was reduced by the rTMS train (experiment 1), with a significant effect lasting for about 10 min a…

AdultMaleRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.medical_treatmentHuman motor cortexElectromyographyElectromagnetic FieldsPhysiology (medical)medicineHumansModulationmedicine.diagnostic_testElectromyographyPulse (signal processing)Subthreshold conductionmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyMotor CortexMotor controlCortical excitabilityMiddle AgedEvoked Potentials MotorSensory SystemsIntra-cortical circuitsTranscranial magnetic stimulationElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyFacilitationFemaleNeurology (clinical)Nerve NetPsychologyNeuroscienceMotor cortexClinical Neurophysiology
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Modulation of input–output curves by low and high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex

2002

Objectives: Exploring the modulatory effects of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the excitability of the motor cortex as measured by the input-output curve technique (I-O curve). Methods: Sixteen healthy subjects participated in this experiment. On two different sessions, conducted 1 week apart, rTMS was applied either at a frequency of 20 or 1Hz at 90% of individual motor threshold (MT) for a total of 1600 pulses each. Before and after rTMS, the cortical excitability was assessed by measuring MT and the size of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) collected at different intensities of stimulation. Results: The analysis on the whole population showed…

AdultMaleRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.medical_treatmentPopulationCentral nervous systemStimulationbehavioral disciplines and activitiesPhysiology (medical)Modulation (music)medicineHumanseducationCerebral Cortexeducation.field_of_studyElectromyographyMotor CortexMotor controlCortical excitabilityInput-output curveEvoked Potentials MotorTranscranial Magnetic StimulationElectric StimulationSensory SystemsTranscranial magnetic stimulationElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyFemaleNeurology (clinical)PsychologyNeuroscienceMotor cortexClinical Neurophysiology
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Flicker Defined Form Perimetry in Glaucoma Suspects with Normal Achromatic Visual Fields

2014

To evaluate if repeated flicker-defined form (FDF) perimetry can detect visual field (VF) defects in glaucoma suspects with normal findings in achromatic standard automated perimetry (SAP).Patients with optic nerve heads (ONHs) or retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) findings clinically suspicious for glaucoma and normal SAP were enrolled. Patients underwent VF testing with FDF perimetry (Heidelberg Edge Perimetry, HEP) at two consecutive visits (HEP I and HEP II) and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT). Abnormal HEP was defined by cluster-point analysis (CPA) and by the HEP specific glaucoma hemi-field test (GHT). Results were compared with an age-…

AdultMaleRetinal Ganglion Cellsmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresOptic DiskVision DisordersVisual AcuityNerve fiber layerGlaucomalaw.inventionTonometry OcularCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundNerve FiberslawOphthalmologymedicineHumansProspective StudiesIntraocular PressureHeidelberg retina tomographOptic Nerve Headsbusiness.industryGlaucomaRetinalMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsVisual fieldConfocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopyOphthalmologyEarly Diagnosismedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryAchromatic lensVisual Field TestsFemaleOcular Hypertensionsense organsVisual FieldsbusinessCurrent Eye Research
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Testing the egocentric mirror-rotation hypothesis.

2011

AbstractAlthough observers know about the law of reflection, their intuitive understanding of spatial locations in mirrors is often erroneous. Hecht et al. (2005) proposed a two-stage mirror-rotation hypothesis to explain these misconceptions. The hypothesis involves an egocentric bias to the effect that observers behave as if the mirror surface were rotated by about 2° to be more orthogonal than is the case. We test four variants of the hypothesis, which differ depending on whether the virtual world, the mirror, or both are taken to be rotated. We devised an experimental setup that allowed us to distinguish between these variants. Our results confirm that the virtual world — and only the v…

AdultMaleRotationVirtual worldbusiness.industryCognitive NeuroscienceMirror reflectionMotion PerceptionExperimental and Cognitive PsychologySensory SystemsOphthalmologyYoung AdultOpticsPattern Recognition VisualCovertEgocentric biasOrientationHumansComputer visionFemaleComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessPsychologyRotation (mathematics)Seeing and perceiving
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Autonomic markers associated with generalized social phobia symptoms: heart rate variability and salivary alpha-amylase.

2016

The study of autonomic nervous system changes associated with generalized social phobia (GSP) disorder has increased in recent years, showing contradictory results. The present study aimed to evaluate how young people with GSP reacted before, during, and after exposure to the Trier Stress Social Test (TSST), focusing on their autonomic changes (heart rate variability (HRV) and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA)) compared to a control group (non-GSP). Some psychological variables were also considered. Sex was specifically studied as a possible modulator of autonomic fluctuations and psychological state. Eighty young people were randomly distributed into two counterbalanced situations: stress condi…

AdultMaleSalivaAdolescentPhysiologyAutonomic Nervous System050105 experimental psychologyDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral NeuroscienceYoung Adult0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemHeart RateSurveys and QuestionnairesHeart rateHeart rate variabilityHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsSymptoms heart05 social sciencesPhobia SocialPsychiatry and Mental healthAutonomic nervous systemAffectNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyMoodSalivary alpha-AmylasesFemaleStress conditionsPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiomarkersStress PsychologicalClinical psychologyStress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
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Schizophrenia and automatic processing: an exploratory study.

1991

This study deals with the schizophrenic deficit as one of automatic processing. To test the idea, a special experimental task was designed on which 21 schizophrenics, 21 depressives, and 21 normal subjects had to complete a series of simple geometric figures. When the subjects had thoroughly learned this activity, another information source, a brief story, was introduced, and the subjects had to pay attention to the story while they did the task. Two dependent variables were considered, execution time and performance. There were no differences among the three groups in the first experimental condition; but in the second condition, when the distractor was introduced, schizophrenics needed m…

AdultMaleSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)Exploratory researchExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyNeuropsychological Tests050105 experimental psychologyDevelopmental psychologyTask (project management)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSchizophrenic PsychologymedicineReaction TimeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAttentionDepressive Disorder05 social sciencesCognitive disorderInformation processingCognitionmedicine.diseaseSensory Systems030227 psychiatryPattern Recognition VisualPattern recognition (psychology)Mental RecallSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyPsychomotor PerformanceCognitive psychologyPerceptual and motor skills
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