Search results for "T method"

showing 10 items of 1254 documents

Assessment of clogging in constructed wetlands by saturated hydraulic conductivity measurements

2019

Abstract This study aims at defining a methodology to evaluate Ks reductions of gravel material constituting constructed wetland (CW) bed matrices. Several schemes and equations for the Lefranc's test were compared by using different gravel sizes and at multiple spatial scales. The falling-head test method was implemented by using two steel permeameters: one impervious (IMP) and one pervious (P) on one side. At laboratory scale, mean K values for a small size gravel (8–15 × 10−2 m) measured by the IMP and the P permeameters were equal to 19,466 m/d and 30,662 m/d, respectively. Mean Ks values for a big size gravel (10–25 × 10−2 m) measured by the IMP and the P permeameters were equal to 12,…

Environmental EngineeringKs measurements0208 environmental biotechnologyFull scaleSoil scienceWetland02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesHorizontal flow; Ks measurements; permeameter cellWaste Disposal Fluid01 natural sciencespermeameter cellCloggingHydraulic conductivityCalibrationSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and Technologygeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryKs measurementWaste DisposalElectric ConductivityHorizontal flowHorizontal flow; Ks measurements; Permeameter cell; Electric Conductivity; Hydrology; Waste Disposal Fluid; WetlandsTest method020801 environmental engineeringWetlandsConstructed wetlandEnvironmental scienceStandpipe (firefighting)FluidHydrology
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Comparison of thermal expansion of wood and epoxy adhesives

2002

Epoxy-based adhesives are used both in the consolidation of decayed timbers and for new structural joints. Investigating the compatibility of wood and epoxy adhesives provides a better knowledge of the long-term behaviour of wood-epoxy joints. Besides mechanical compatibility, also temperature-related parameters are relevant in this context. The values of the thermal expansion coefficients (TEC) of two wood species (Spruce, Picea abies and Iroko, Clorophora excelsa) and four different epoxy resins have been compared using a modified test method that allows for nearly iso-hygric conditions of the wood specimens. Minor differences in TEC have been observed between wood in the transversal-to-t…

Epoxy adhesiveMaterials scienceTECtechnology industry and agricultureForestryTest methodEpoxyThermal expansionvisual_artCompatibility (mechanics)visual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceAdhesiveMaterials Science (all)Composite material
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Modeling the Mechanical Behavior of the Breast Tissues Under Compression in Real Time

2017

This work presents a data-driven model to simulate the mechanical behavior of the breast tissues in real time. The aim of this model is to speed up some multimodal registration algorithms, as well as some image-guided interventions. Ten virtual breast phantoms were used in this work. Their deformation during a mammography was performed off-line using the finite element method. Three machine learning models were trained with the data from those simulations. Then, they were used to predict the deformation of the breast tissues. The models were a decision tree and two ensemble methods (extremely randomized trees and random forest). Four experiments were designed to assess the performance of th…

Euclidean distanceSpeedupmedicine.diagnostic_testMean squared errorComputer sciencemedicineDecision treeMammographyEnsemble learningAlgorithmFinite element methodRandom forest
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On thermoeconomics of energy systems at variable load conditions: integrated optimization of plant design and operation

2007

Abstract Thermoeconomics has been assuming a growing role among the disciplines oriented to the analysis of energy systems, its different methodologies allowing solution of problems in the fields of cost accounting, plant design optimisation and diagnostic of malfunctions. However, the thermoeconomic methodologies as such are particularly appropriate to analyse large industrial systems at steady or quasi-steady operation, but they can be hardly applied to small to medium scale units operating in unsteady conditions to cover a variable energy demand. In this paper, the fundamentals of thermoeconomics for systems operated at variable load are discussed, examining the cost formation process an…

ExergyEngineeringPrimary energyRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryThermoeconomics has been assuming a growing role among the disciplines oriented to the analysis of energy systems its different methodologies allowing solution of problems in the fields of cost accounting plant design optimisation and diagnostic of malfunctions. However the thermoeconomic methodologies as such are particularly appropriate to analyse large industrial systems at steady or quasisteady operation but they can be hardly applied to small to medium scale units operating in unsteady conditions to cover a variable energy demand. In this paper the fundamentals of thermoeconomics for systems operated at variable load are discussed examining the cost formation process and separately the cost fractions related to capital depreciation (which require additional distinctions with respect to plants in steady operation) and to exergy consumption. The relevant effects of the efficiency penalty due to off design operation on the exergetic cost of internal flows are also examined. An original algorithm is proposed for the integrated optimization of plant design and operation based on an analytical solution by the Lagrange multipliers method and on a multi-objective decision function expressed either in terms of net cash flow or primary energy saving. The method is suitable for application in complex energy systems such as ‘‘facilities of components of a same product’’ connected to external networks for power or heat distribution. For demonstrative purposes the proposed thermoeconomically aided optimization is performed for a grid connected trigeneration system to be installed in a large hotel.Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyCost accountingThermoeconomicsGridEnergy conservationVariable (computer science)symbols.namesakeFuel TechnologyNuclear Energy and EngineeringLagrange multipliersymbolsProcess engineeringbusinessSimulation
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On numerical simulation of electromagnetic field effects in the combustion process

2018

This paper deals with a simplified model taking into account the interplay of compressible, laminar, axisymmetric flow and the electrodynamical effects due to Lorentz force’s action on the combustion process in a cylindrical pipe. The combustion process with Arrhenius kinetics is modelled by a single step exothermic chemical reaction of fuel and oxidant. We analyze non-stationary PDEs with 6 unknown functions: the 3 components of velocity, density, concentration of fuel and temperature. For pressure the ideal gas law is used. For the inviscid flow approximation ADI method is used. Some numerical results are presented.

Exothermic reactionElectromagnetic fieldMaterials science01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeLorentz forceInviscid flow0103 physical sciencesQA1-9390101 mathematicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsIdeal gas law010102 general mathematicsaxisymmetric flowArrhenius kineticsLaminar flowMechanicslaminarAlternating direction implicit methodModeling and SimulationCompressibilitysymbolsLorentz forceAnalysisMathematicscompressibleMathematical Modelling and Analysis
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Lab And/Or Field? Measuring Personality Processes and Their Social Consequences

2015

How can researchers study personality processes and their social consequences? In our methodology overview, we first introduce ambulatory assessment methods, which repeatedly measure experiences, physiology and behaviour in people's daily lives based on real–time assessments of self–reports, physiological activity and behavioural observations. Then, we describe methods suitable for assessing personality processes in laboratory settings: self–reports on interpersonal perception, physiological measurements and behavioural observation. We discuss the combination of field and laboratory assessment methods based on their respective strengths and limitations and then highlight ethical issues sur…

Experience sampling methodSocial PsychologyField (Bourdieu)media_common.quotation_subjectApplied psychologyAssessment methodsSocial consequencePersonalityMobile sensingPersonality measurementPsychologySocial psychologymedia_commonEuropean Journal of Personality
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Experimental validation of optimisation strategies in hydroforming of T-shaped tubes

2008

For three dimensional tube hydroforming operations (i.e. T or Y shaped tubes) the calibration of both material feeding history and internal pressure path during the process is crucial and many approaches to such optimization were presented; the authors developed some procedures to optimize pressure paths and punch velocity histories with the application of an integrated method FEM - Gradient based optimization tools. In this paper, an experimental validation campaign of the utilized optimization strategies is presented with the aim to assess the effectiveness of the developed procedures. An optimization procedure (gradient based techniques) was applied on the process parameters leading to t…

Experimental validationEngineeringHydroformingTube hydroformingbusiness.industryProcess (computing)Internal pressureComputational intelligenceStructural engineeringFinite element methodSet (abstract data type)Path (graph theory)CalibrationGeneral Materials ScienceOptimisation algorithmbusinessInternational Journal of Material Forming
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Multi-directional vs. mono-directional multi-step strategies for single point incremental forming of non-axisymmetric components

2020

Abstract Multi Stage approach is used in Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) to overcome one of the main forming limitations, namely the maximum wall angle, characterizing the single stage process. In this paper, different multi-path strategies for the production of parts with flat edges are considered in order to evaluate the best solution in terms of feasibility and geometrical accuracy of the final part: A) mono-directional incremental draw angle; B) mono-directional incremental draw angle with increasing part side; C) Multi-directional approach with non-horizontal path planes. Strain evaluation by means of CGA (Circular Grid Analysis) and defect analysis have been carried out in ord…

FEM0209 industrial biotechnologyMaterials scienceAluminium alloySingle stageStrategy and ManagementGrid analysisNumerical analysisIncremental formingRotational symmetryGeometry02 engineering and technologyManagement Science and Operations Research021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMulti-step toolpathIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringFinite element methodMulti stage020901 industrial engineering & automationMulti directionalSingle point0210 nano-technologyJournal of Manufacturing Processes
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On the effects of the Double-Walled Tubes lay-out on the DEMO WCLL breeding blanket module thermal behavior

2019

Abstract The EU-DEMO Water-Cooled Lithium Lead Breeding Blanket (WCLL BB) concept foresees liquid Pb-15.7Li eutectic alloy as breeder and neutron multiplier, whereas pressurized subcooled water as coolant, with operative conditions typical of the PWR fission reactors (temperature in the range of 295–328 °C and pressure of 15.5 MPa). The cooling down of the BB is guaranteed by means of two separated cooling circuits: the one consisted in square channels housed within the complex of Side Walls and First Wall, and the one composed of a set of Double-Walled Tubes (DWTs) submerged in the Breeding Zone (BZ) and deputed to remove heat power therein generated. A parametric thermal study has been ca…

FEMBreeding BlanketMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringBlanket7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesFinite element methodWCLL010305 fluids & plasmasCoolantSubcoolingNuclear Energy and Engineering0103 physical sciencesThermalGeneral Materials ScienceDWT010306 general physicsDEMOSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCooling downCivil and Structural EngineeringElectronic circuitParametric statisticsFusion Engineering and Design
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A simple inverse procedure to determine heat flux on the tool in orthogonal cutting

2006

The applications of numerical simulation to machining processes have been more and more increasing in the last decade: today, a quite effective predictive capability has been reached, at least as far as global cutting variables (for instance cutting forces) are concerned. On the other hand, the capability to predict local cutting variables (i.e. stresses acting on the tool, temperature distribution, residual stresses in the machined surface) has to be furtherly improved, as well as effective experimental procedures to validate numerical results have to be developed. The aim of this paper is the proposition of an innovative approach, based on an simple inverse procedure, in order to identify…

FEMEngineeringinverse approachComputer simulationCutting toolbusiness.industryMechanical Engineeringheat fluxMechanical engineeringHeat transfer coefficientInverse problemsplit-toolIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringFinite element methodNumerical integrationMachiningHeat fluxbusinessSettore ING-IND/16 - Tecnologie E Sistemi Di LavorazioneInternational Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture
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