Search results for "T2* value"

showing 10 items of 126 documents

Techno-economical inspection of high-speed Internet connection for trains

2008

Some attractive service scenarios for Railways' Intelligent Transport Systems (RITS) in three different user segments, that is, passengers, freight companies and train operator's in-house customers, are presented. The case study covers the analysis of customer needs and techno-economic evaluations. The analysis indicates that Flash-OFDM technology provides promising pre-stage solution for the train connections in Finland. Also, the WiMAX-based high-speed Internet access for passengers may be profitable in the most heavily operated railway leg in Finland. The sensitivity analysis shows that the most crucial parameters for the case are `User Share', `Average Revenue per User' and `WiMAX Cell …

Service (business)Engineeringbusiness.product_categorybusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringRail freight transportTransportationNet present valueTransport engineeringInternet accessRevenueThe InternetTrainbusinessTelecommunicationsLawIntelligent transportation systemGeneral Environmental ScienceIET Intelligent Transport Systems
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RAZIONALIZZAZIONE ESTIMATIVA DELL'EXPERTISE IMMOBILIARE

2013

The Italian appraisal practice is characterized by valuations developed in subjective opinions formulated by the valuers, according to the experience and the competence rather than on the survey of the market data of comparable properties. This practice makes up for the lack of information on the real estate market and to the consequent absence of systematic collections of market data. This tradition is in the cadastral appraisal for the rural (1886) and urban properties (1939). The assessed income is appraised for a representative property and wide to all the other properties with arbitrary scores (pure number). The assessed value is derived from the income with fixed multipliers.

Settore ICAR/22 - Estimomarket value assessed value real estate expertise
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Economic impact of Ice Thermal Energy Storage Systems in residential buildings in presence of double-tariffs contracts for electricity

2009

Thermal energy storage is one of the most important methods of demand-side load management, thanks to the capacity of reducing significantly the peak power demand for air conditioning in buildings. Thermal Energy Storage Systems (TESS) are indeed used for producing and storing cooling capacity during off-peak hours (in particular during night hours) to meet the following day's air conditioning requirements. The current paper presents a study on the effects of the installation of Ice TESS for cooling on the power daily profile of residential buildings, and examines the economic repercussions on the electricity billing. With reference to this second theme, the paper examines, in particular, t…

Settore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaEngineeringbusiness.industryLoad modelingHeat transferOperations managementEconomic impact analysisElectricityEnvironmental economicsThermal energy storagebusinessNet present valueThermal Energy Storage Systems Montecarlo Pay-back-period Double tariffs2009 6th International Conference on the European Energy Market
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Rateless Codes Performance Analysis in Correlated Channel Model for GEO Free Space Optics Downlinks

2012

Settore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniFree Space Optics (FSO) technologies for satellite communications offer several advantages: wide bandwidth high rate capability immunity to electromagnetic interference and small equipment size. Thus they are suitable for inter-satellite links deep space communications and also for high data rate ground-to-satellite/satellite-to-ground communications. Nevertheless FSO links suffer impairments that cause power signal degradation at the receiver. Scattering and absorption cause power signal attenuations predictable by suitable deterministic models. Optical turbulence causes random irradiance fluctuations which can generate signal fading events and can thereby only be predicted by statistical models. Attenuation and fading events can corrupt FSO links and so it would be recommended to add mitigation error codes on the communication link. FSO channel can be described as an erasure channel: fading events can cause erasure errors. We have identified in rateless codes (RCs) a suitable solution to be employed in FSO links. RCs do not need feedback and they add a redundant coding on the source data that allows the receiver to recover the whole payload despite erasure errors. We implemented two different of rateless codes: Luby Transform (LT) and Raptor. We analyzed their performances on a simulated turbulent GEO FSO downlink (1 Gbps - OOK modulation) at a 106 μm wavelength and for different values of zenith angles. Assuming a plane-wave propagation and employing Hufnagel-Valley we modeled the downlink using: 1) a temporal correlated channel model based on Gamma-Gamma probability distribution and 2) an irradiance covariance function that we converted on a time function using Taylor frozen eddies hypothesis. Our new channel model is able to simulate irradiance fluctuations at different turbulence conditions as it will be shown in the full paper. We will also report performance results of LT and Raptor codes at overhead range varying between 0 and 50% and for different values of source packets.Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica
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Changes in achievement values from primary to lower secondary school among students with and without externalizing problems

2017

This study examined the effect of students' externalizing problems on changes in values that they attach to math across the transition from primary to lower secondary school. Data pertaining to externalizing problems and to intrinsic, attainment, and utility values in math were gathered using the self-ratings of students in Grades 6 and 7. The analysis involved a comparison between students who reported persistent high externalizing problems before and after the transition (n = 63; 59% boys) and those who had low or non-existent externalizing problems before and after the transition (n = 1352; 50% boys). The results of a mixed-design analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed uniformly that stu…

Social Psychologygeneral upper secondary schoolImplicit TheoriessukupuolierotkoululaisetoppimistuloksetalakouluEducationDevelopmental psychologyupper comprehensive schoolAchievement GoalsDevelopmental and Educational Psychologyta516achievement valuessiirtymävaihe0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesta515schools (educational institutions)school transitionlearning resultsAnalysis of covariancematematiikkaexternalizing problems05 social sciences050301 educationgender differencesMindsetyläkouluPsychology0503 education050104 developmental & child psychologyLearning and Individual Differences
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Converting retirement benefit into a life care annuity with graded benefits

2016

AbstractThis paper deals with life care annuities, i.e. bundled products comprising a life annuity and long-term care insurance. It aims to assess the cost of converting retirement benefit into a life care annuity with graded benefits using a pre-existing public pay-as-you-go pension scheme. With this objective in mind, we present an actuarial method based on array calculus for valuing this type of life care annuity. The health dynamics of the annuitant rely on a reversible illness-death multistate framework. The paper contains a numerical example in which mortality and disability assumptions are based on data from the USA and Australia, although this should be viewed simply as an illustrat…

Statistics and ProbabilityEconomics and EconometricsPension050208 financeActuarial science05 social sciencesLife annuityAnnuity function01 natural sciencesRetirement Benefit010104 statistics & probabilityActuarial present valueLife care0502 economics and businessLife expectancyEconomics0101 mathematicsStatistics Probability and UncertaintyLong-term care insuranceScandinavian Actuarial Journal
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Determinant Factors in Purchasing Korean Skin Care Products

2020

The demand and business opportunities in the skin and facial beauty sector have increased in the last 10 yr. The beauty and personal care industry in Indonesia grows on average of 12 %, with a market value of 33 × 109. This research emphasizes the presence of the influence of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on the purchase intention of skincare products that are moderated by the country of origin. The data collection is conducted by distributing questionnaires to a total of 130 respondents. Data obtained through a questionnaire are then processed with Smart Partial Least Square (PLS). The results in this study prove that the attitude and perceived behavioral cont…

Subjective normPersonal careData collectionsubjective normmedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesControl (management)050301 educationperceived behavioral controlAdvertisingcountry of origin imageCountry of originPurchasinglcsh:Social Scienceslcsh:Hconsumer attitudeskincare buying intention0502 economics and businessBeautyMarket valuePsychology0503 education050203 business & managementmedia_commonSHS Web of Conferences
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An analysis of feed’in tariffs for solar PV in six representative countries of the European Union

2014

Abstract In this paper, after a brief review on the main support policies for Photovoltaic (PV) systems in Europe, the specific situations of six representative countries (France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Spain and the U.K.) are examined, with the purpose of highlighting the main differences in the implementation of the feed’in tariff (FiT) support policies adopted for PV systems. In particular, a comparison based on the calculation of economic indexes, as the Discounted Cash Flows (DCF), the Pay-Back-Period (PBP), the Net Present Value (NPV) and the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), for different sized PV systems shows that a specific FiT can sometimes be inconvenient for the producer and that…

Support policieFeed-in-tariffPresent valueRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentPhotovoltaic systemTariffInternal rate of returnEnergy policySettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'Energiamedia_common.cataloged_instanceGeneral Materials ScienceCash flowNet-meteringBusinessEuropean unionFeed-in tariffIndustrial organizationPV systemmedia_commonSolar Energy
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Comparative analysis of different supporting measures for the production of electrical energy by solar PV and Wind systems: Four representative Europ…

2009

Abstract In the 9th of March 2007, the European Council decided a fixing goal of 20% contribution of the renewable energy sources (RES) on the total European electric energy production in 2020. In order to reach such an ambitious goal, all the European countries are adopting different support policies for encouraging the installations of RES-based generation systems. In this paper, after a brief review on the main support policies for RES in Europe, the specific situations of four representative countries (France, Germany, Italy and Spain) are examined, with the purpose of putting into evidence the main differences in the support policies adopted for Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind systems. In p…

Support policieFeed-in-tariffWind powerPresent valueRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemInternal rate of returnNet meteringEnvironmental economicsNet meteringRenewable energySettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaWind systemGreen tagsGeneral Materials ScienceBusinessBuilding-integrated photovoltaicsFeed-in tariffPV systemSolar Energy
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Methods for evaluating causality in observational studies.

2019

BACKGROUND: In clinical medical research, causality is demonstrated by randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Often, however, an RCT cannot be conducted for ethical reasons, and sometimes for practical reasons as well. In such cases, knowledge can be derived from an observational study instead. In this article, we present two methods that have not been widely used in medical research to date. METHODS: The methods of assessing causal inferences in observational studies are described on the basis of publications retrieved by a selective literature search. RESULTS: Two relatively new approaches—regression-discontinuity methods and interrupted time series—can be used to demonstrate a causal relat…

Threshold limit valuebusiness.industry030209 endocrinology & metabolismReview ArticleGeneral MedicineCausalitylaw.inventionCausalityObservational Studies as Topic03 medical and health sciencesVariable (computer science)0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawCausal inferenceStatisticsHumansMedicineObservational study030212 general & internal medicinebusinessValue (mathematics)Event (probability theory)
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