Search results for "TASK"

Vanhempien ammattikoulutuksen ja oppimista koskevien uskomusten yhteys lasten koulusuoriutumiseen ja suoritusstrategioihin 1. luokalla

2000

Rational drug discovery : structural studies of protein-ligand complexes

2011

Student participation in peer interaction : use of material resources as a key consideration in an open-ended problem-solving mathematics task

2021

This study explores how students deal with material resources in their peer interaction when working in pairs in an open-ended problem-solving task. The productive use of material resources can be expected to support successful peer work. However, research into social phenomena in peer interaction is needed in order to identify and describe productive and less productive forms of dealing with material resources as students participate in open-ended problem-solving tasks. Consequently, this explorative study responds to this research need. Based on multimodal data, including video recordings, transcribed talk and the written contributions from four pairs of Year 7 students aged 12-13 years, …

Sustaining Attention for a Prolonged Duration Affects Dynamic Organizations of Frequency-Specific Functional Connectivity

2020

Sustained attention encompasses a cascade of fundamental functions. The human ability to implement a sustained attention task is supported by brain networks that dynamically formed and dissolved through oscillatory synchronization. The decrement of vigilance induced by prolonged task engagement affects sustained attention. However, little is known about which stage or combinations are affected by vigilance decrement. Here, we applied an analysis framework composed of weighted phase lag index (wPLI) and tensor component analysis (TCA) to an EEG dataset collected during 80 min sustained attention task to examine the electrophysiological basis of such effect. We aimed to characterize the phase…

Impacts of Touch Screen Size, User Interface Design, and Subtask Boundaries on In-Car Task's Visual Demand and Driver Distraction

2020

Visual distraction by secondary in-car tasks is a major contributing factor in traffic incidents. In-car user interface design may mitigate these negative effects but to accomplish this, design factors’ visual distraction potential should be better understood. The effects of touch screen size, user interface design, and subtask boundaries on in-car task's visual demand and visual distraction potential were studied in two driving simulator experiments with 48 participants. Multilevel modeling was utilized to control the visual demands of driving and individual differences on in-car glance durations. The 2.5” larger touch screen slightly decreased the in-car glance durations and had a diminis…

Sustained attention required for effective dimension-based retro-cue benefit in visual working memory

2023

In visual working memory (VWM) tasks, participants’ performances can be improved through the use of dimension-based retro-cues, which direct internal attention to prioritize a particular dimension (e.g., color or orientation) of VWM representations even after the stimuli disappear. This phenomenon is known as the dimension-based retro-cue benefit (RCB). The present study investigates whether sustained attention is required for the dimension-based RCB by inserting interference or interruption between the retro-cue and the test array to distract attention. We tested the effects of perceptual interference or cognitive interruption on dimension-based RCB when the interference (Experiments 1 and…

视觉工作记忆存储的表征单位 [The Representation Unit of Visual Working Memory]

2022

The visual working memory is a limited storage system in which people could flexibly process the representations to complete the task. Among studies on the capacity of visual working memory, the representation unit is a prior subject. Previous research employs the change-detection paradigm and the recall paradigm to explore the nature of representations when features of diverse dimensions and different-level features of the same dimension are stored in the visual working memory. These studies elicit two binary hypotheses: the object-based representation hypothesis backs that those diverse features are bound on the object and form a whole, while the feature-based representation hypothesis su…

The mechanism of retro-cue effect in visual working memory : Cognitive phase separation

2020

Retro-cue effect (RCE) refers to the phenomenon that individuals can use retro-cues to improve their visual working memory (VWM) performance of target items after memory stimuli disappear. To explain the mechanism of RCE in VWM, five different hypotheses have been proposed by previous studies: the hypothesis of enhancing target representations, the hypothesis of forgetting non-target representations, the hypothesis of preventing memory degradation, the hypothesis of preventing interference from probe array and the hypothesis of cognitive phase separation. Although RCE has been repeatedly observed in previous studies, the mechanism of RCE remains unclear. In this study, we conducted three ex…

Anticipatory Postural Adjustments and kinematic arm features when postural stability is manipulated

2018

International audience; Beyond the classical paradigm that presents the Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs) as a manner to create forces that counteract disturbances arising from the moving segment during a pointing task, there is a controversial discussion about the role APAs to facilitate the movement and perform a task accurately. In addition, arm kinematics features are classically used to infer the content of motor planning for the execution and the control of arm movements, The present study aimed to disentangle the conflicting role of APAs during an arm-pointing task in which the subjects reach a central diode that suddenly turns on, while their postural stability was manipulate…

Viestintävälineiden käytön ja kasvokkaisviestinnän yhtäaikaisuus

2016

Tässä tutkielmassa tarkastellaan viestintävälineiden käytön ja kasvokkaisviestinnän yhtäaikaisuutta kirjallisuuskatsauksen avulla. Tavoitteena on selvittää ja analysoida, mitä aiheesta ajankohtaisen tutkimustiedon valossa tiedetään. Katsausaineisto on koottu systemaattisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen menetelmin elektronisista tietokannoista. Aineisto koostuu kahdestatoista kansainvälisestä, vertaisarvioiduista artikkelista sekä yhdestä väitöskirjasta. Kirjallisuuskatsauksen tuloksia on tarkasteltu tässä tutkielmassa myös teoreettisista näkökulmista. Tutkielman tuloksista voidaan havaita, että viestintävälineiden käytön ja kasvokkasviestinnän yhtäaikaisuus on osa multitaskingin ilmiötä. Käsiteana…