Search results for "TEMPERATURE RANGE"

showing 10 items of 433 documents

Calculation of the chemical potential and the activity coefficient of two layers of CO2 adsorbed on a graphite surface.

2014

We study the adsorption of carbon dioxide at a graphite surface using the new Small System Method, and find that for the temperature range between 300 K and 550 K most relevant for CO2 separation; adsorption takes place in two distinct thermodynamic layers defined according to Gibbs. We calculate the chemical potential and the activity coefficient of both layers directly from the simulations. Based on thermodynamic relations, the entropy and enthalpy of the CO2 adsorbed layers are also obtained. Their values indicate that there is a trade-off between entropy and enthalpy when a molecule chooses for one of the two layers. The first layer is a densely packed monolayer of relatively constant e…

Activity coefficientEntropy (classical thermodynamics)AdsorptionFundamental thermodynamic relationChemistryMonolayerEnthalpyGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsGraphitePhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtmospheric temperature rangePhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Sorption Kinetics of Xenon on MFI-Type Zeolite Molecular Sieves

1990

Kinetic uptake data for xenon adsorbed onto large and uniform silicalite-I crystals are presented over a temperature range of 121 K to 296 K. — Adsorption isotherms and corrected diffusion coefficients derived from the uptake curves are given. The heat of adsorption and activation energy of diffusion were estimated from the plots of reciprocal temperature against the logarithm of equilibrium pressure and corrected diffusion coefficients, respectively. — While the corrected diffusion coefficient is independent of coverage for the higher temperatures, it decreases significantly at the lower temperatures investigated (<170 K) when the limiting adsorption capacity has been reached. — Comparing …

AdsorptionXenonChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringDiffusionPhysical chemistryNoble gaschemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamicsSorptionActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangeOrder of magnitudeBerichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie
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Electroluminescence and transport properties in amorphous silicon nanostructures

2006

We report the results of a detailed study on the structural, electrical and optical properties of light emitting devices based on amorphous Si nanostructures. Amorphous nanostructures may constitute an interesting system for the monolithic integration of optical and electrical functions in Si ULSI technology. In fact, they exhibit an intense room temperature electroluminescence (EL), with the advantage of being formed at a temperature of 900 °C, while at least 1100 °C is needed for the formation of Si nanocrystals. Optical and electrical properties of amorphous Si nanocluster devices have been studied in the temperature range between 30 and 300 K. The EL is seen to have a bell-shaped trend …

Amorphous siliconVISIBLE ELECTROLUMINESCENCEMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)nanostructures; silicon; elecroluminescenceExcitonBioengineeringElectronQUANTUM DOTSElectroluminescenceSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materiachemistry.chemical_compoundnanostructuresGeneral Materials ScienceSI-RICH SIO2Electrical and Electronic EngineeringLIGHT-EMITTING DEVICESEngineering (miscellaneous)business.industryMechanical EngineeringsiliconGeneral ChemistryAtmospheric temperature rangeAmorphous solidCHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITIONelecroluminescenceNanocrystalchemistryMechanics of MaterialsOptoelectronicsMaterials Science (all)businessLuminescenceNanotechnology
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Ellipsometric study of the physisorption of benzene on graphite

1987

The optical thickness of benzene on the (001) surface of a graphite single crystal has been studied by ellipsometry. Ellipsometric adsorption isotherms have been measured in the temperature range from 180 to 290 K. The maximum thickness of the adsorbed benzene film is constant in this temperature range and compares favourably with the value expected for one monolayer of molecules lying flat on the surface.

Analytical chemistryMineralogySurfaces and InterfacesAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionchemistryPhysisorptionEllipsometryMonolayerMaterials ChemistryGraphiteBenzeneSingle crystalSurface Science
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Annealing of radiation induced oxygen deficient point defects in amorphous silicon dioxide: evidence for a distribution of the reaction activation en…

2011

The selective annealing of point defects with different activation energies is studied, by performing sequences of thermal treatments on gamma irradiated silica samples in the temperature range 300-450 °C. Our experiments show that the dependence on time of the concentration of two irradiation induced point defects in silica, named ODC(II) (standing for oxygen deficient centre II) and the E(γ)(') centre, at a given temperature depends on the thermal history of the sample for both of the centres studied; moreover in the long time limit this concentration reaches an asymptotic value that depends on the treatment temperature alone. These results suggest the existence of a distribution of the a…

Annealing (metallurgy)ChemistryAnalytical chemistrysistemi amorfi difetti di puntoThermal treatmentActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectAmorphous solidlaw.inventionlawGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceNuclear chemistryJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Conductance of potassium halides near the temperature of maximum density of water

1981

The conductances of dilute aqueous solutions of KCl, KBr, and KI have been measured over the temperature range 2 to 8°C and have been analyzed by the Fuoss-Hsia equation. The ionic Walden products at infinite dilution have been discussed in terms of local viscosity. The temperature dependence of these products suggest that near the temperature of maximum density of water, the structure-breaking ability of these ions changes in a regular way.

Aqueous solutionChemistryBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryIonic bondingHalideConductanceAtmospheric temperature rangeBiochemistryDilutionViscosityMaximum densityPhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyJournal of Solution Chemistry
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Apparent molar volumes of lithium nitrate in 1-propanol + water in the temperature range from 288.15 to 318.15 K

2002

Abstract Densities of 1-propanol+water+lithium chloride mixtures have been measured with an oscillating-tube densimeter over a large range of concentrations of the salt and 1-propanol at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K. From these densities, apparent molar volumes of lithium chloride in 1-propanol+water mixtures have been calculated for each temperature, and apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution have been evaluated. An empirical correlation for partial molar volumes of lithium chloride in 1-propanol+water mixtures with solvent composition and temperature has been derived.

Aqueous solutionLithium nitrateChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyAtmospheric temperature rangeApparent molar propertyDilutionPropanolchemistry.chemical_compoundMolar volumeLithium chloridePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFluid Phase Equilibria
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The dynamics of 57Fe nuclei in Fe(II)-DNA and [Fe(II)(1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole)2]-DNA condensates.

2002

Abstract Alcoholic solutions of FeCl 2 and Fe II (Hmmi) 2 Cl 2 (Hmmi=1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole) induce calf thymus DNA condensation from aqueous solutions buffered at pH 7.4. A 1:1 Fe II –(DNA monomer) stoichiometry is assumed. The 57 Fe Mossbauer hyperfine parameters suggest an octahedral coordination environment, severely distorted, in both Fe II –(DNA monomer) and [Fe II (Hmmi) 2 ]–(DNA monomer) condensates. The dynamic properties of iron nuclei in freeze-dried samples were investigated by means of variable temperature 57 Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy. Mean square displacements, 〈 x 2 〉( T ), were calculated, such as the effective vibrating mass and the Mossbauer lattice temperature of th…

Aqueous solutionMethimazoleMolecular StructureDNAAtmospheric temperature rangeDNA condensationBiochemistryVibrationInorganic ChemistryMetalCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundSpectroscopy MossbauerMonomerchemistryOctahedronvisual_artMössbauer spectroscopyvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAnimalsFerrous CompoundsStoichiometryJournal of inorganic biochemistry
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ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Bis(μ-hydroxo)bis((2,2′-bipyridyl)copper(II)) Squarate. Crystal Structure of Bis(μ-hydroxo)…

1990

Abstract The compound [Cu2(bipy)2(OH)2](C4O4)·5.5H2O, where bipy and C4O42− correspond to 2,2′-bipyridyl and squarate (dianion of 3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclo- butene-1,3-dione) respectively, has been synthesized. Its magnetic properties have been investigated in the 2–300 K temperature range. The ground state is a spin-triplet state, with a singlet-triplet separation of 145 cm−1. The EPR powder spectrum confirms the nature of the ground state. Well-formed single crystals of the tetrahydrate, [Cu2(bipy)2(OH)2](C4O4)·4H2O, were grown from aqueous solutions and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The system is triclinic, space group P 1 , with a = 9.022(2), b = 9.040(2), c = 8.409(2) A, α = 103.51(2…

Aqueous solutionTetrahydrateChemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineCrystal structureTriclinic crystal systemAtmospheric temperature rangeCopperlaw.inventionCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundlawElectron paramagnetic resonanceGround stateChemInform
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Diffusion of oxygen in nickel: A variable charge molecular dynamics study

2010

Abstract Variable charge molecular dynamics have been performed to study the diffusion mechanisms of oxygen atoms (O) in nickel (Ni) in the temperature range 950 K–1600 K. It is observed that oxygen does not diffuse via jumps of oxygen through interstitial sites but via a vacancy diffusion mechanism. The oxygen diffusivity can be well described by an Arrhenius law over the temperature range considered. The oxygen diffusion coefficient has been analysed and indicates a value of E a = 1.99 eV for the activation energy and D 0 = 39.2 cm 2 s − 1 for the pre-exponential factor. Our numerical results were compared with a compilation of experimental and theoretical studies, and exhibit a good agre…

Arrhenius equationChemistryDiffusionchemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygensymbols.namesakeInterstitial defectVacancy defectMaterials ChemistrysymbolsEffective diffusion coefficientSolid State Communications
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