Search results for "TF"
showing 10 items of 1652 documents
Postural balance and its sensory-motor correlates in 75-year-old men and women: a cross-national comparative study.
1996
Background. There are no earlier cross-national comparative studies analyzing the functioning of the posture control mechanisms and its sensory-motor correlates in elderly subjects. We investigated whether there are differences in balance between elderly subjects living in different geographical areas, and analyzed the sensory-motor associates of balance in men and women separately. Method. Using a force platform method, the functioning of the posture control system under three standardized conditions (normal standing, eyes open; normal standing, eyes closed; and tandem standing, eyes open) was studied among samples of 75-year-old residents in three Nordic localities, namely Glostrup in Den…
Peripheral arterial disease, diabetes and postural balance among elderly Finns: a population-based study
2008
Background and aims: Little is known about the role of peripheral arterial disease (PAD)in the development of balance impairment. The aim of this study was to assess postural balance among people having PAD or PAD combined with diabetes. Methods: As part of the comprehensive health examination of the Health 2000 survey (two-stage stratified cluster sampling), 1323 people aged 65 years or older took part in balance assessments using a force platform system. The presence of PAD was confirmed with data from the National Hospital Discharge Registry. Individuals with hospitalization due to PAD were regarded as having severe disease, whereas those with solely self-reported diagnosis were consider…
Mobility performance and its sensory, psychomotor and musculoskeletal determinants from age 75 to age 80.
2010
Background and aims: Prospective studies on the simultaneous effects of multiple determinants on objectively assessed mobility are few. The aim of this study was to analyse mobility performance, its stability and sensory, psychomotor and musculoskeletal determinants in an older population from age 75 to age 80. Methods: Sixty-three men and 121 women aged 75 participated at baseline and, five years later, in the follow-up phase of this population-based prospective study. Maximal walking speed and step-mounting height were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Maximal isometric knee extension strength, standing balance on force platform, reaction time, visual acuity and limitations in range of …
Metformin induces an agonist-specific increase in albumin production by primary cultured rat hepatocytes
1995
Abstract Metformin (MET) is known to increase several biological effects of insulin (INS), but there is no information concerning its direct effects on protein synthesis. We studied the action of MET on albumin production by primary cultures of freshly isolated rat hepatocytes, alone or in combination with various agonists: INS, IGF-1, EGF, thyroxin, and dexamethasone. While having no effect alone, MET in vitro potentiates the effects of INS, IGF-1, and EGF. When this increasing effect toward INS was studied over a broad concentration range, MET appeared to improve low-acting INS levels and to intensify the maximal INS effects. In contrast, MET did not change the production of albumin stimu…
Segmental contribution to forces in vertical jump.
1978
Performance of a vertical jump was analyzed with respect to the contribution of the different body segments to the forces acting on the whole body center of gravity. Both cinematograph and force-platform techniques were employed. The data disclosed that the take-off velocity in vertical jumps was caused by the different components as follows: knee extension 56%, plantar flexion 22%, trunk extension 10%, arm swing 10%, and head swing 2%. However, the average take-off velocity of the total performance (3.03 m/s) was only 76% from the theoretical maximum calculated from the segmental analyses. Optimal timing of the segmental performances was calculated to increase this “efficiency” to 84%. Gre…
Lung autophagic response following exposure of mice to whole body irradiation, with and without amifostine
2010
Research highlights: {yields} We investigated the effect 6 Gy of WBI on the autophagic machinery of normal mouse lung. {yields} Irradiation induces dysfunction of the autophagic machinery in normal lung, characterized by decreased transcription of the LC3A/Beclin-1 mRNA and accumulation of the LC3A, and p62 proteins. {yields} The membrane bound LC3A-II protein levels increased in the cytosolic fraction (not in the pellet), contrasting the patterns noted after starvation-induced autophagy. {yields} Administration of amifostine, reversed all the LC3A and p62 findings, suggesting protection of the normal autophagic function. -- Abstract: Purpose: The effect of ionizing irradiation on the autop…
Olfaction scaffolds the developing human from neonate to adolescent and beyond
2020
The impact of the olfactory sense is regularly apparent across development. The fetus is bathed in amniotic fluid (AF) that conveys the mother's chemical ecology. Transnatal olfactory continuity between the odours of AF and milk assists in the transition to nursing. At the same time, odours emanating from the mammary areas provoke appetitive responses in newborns. Odours experienced from the mother's diet during breastfeeding, and from practices such as pre-mastication, may assist in the dietary transition at weaning. In parallel, infants are attracted to and recognize their mother's odours; later, children are able to recognize other kin and peers based on their odours. Familiar odours, su…
Heterogeneity of executive functions among preschool children with psychiatric symptoms
2019
The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between internalizing and externalizing symptoms and deficits in executive functions (EF) as well as to examine the overall heterogeneity of EFs in a sample of preschool children attending a psychiatric clinic (n = 171). First, based on cut-off points signifying clinical levels of impairment on the parent-completed Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), children were assigned into groups of internalizing, externalizing, combined or mild symptoms and compared to a reference group (n = 667) with regard to day care teacher ratings of EFs on the Attention and Executive Function Rating Inventory-Preschool (ATTEX-P). Second, latent profile an…
Association of childhood leukaemia with factors related to the immune system
1999
The childhood peak of common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia has been proposed as being a rare response to delayed exposure to a common infection. In this context, factors related to the child’s immune system are of special interest. Information on such factors was obtained in a recent German case-control study comprising more than 1000 children with acute leukaemia. Neither being the first-born child, nor a short duration of breastfeeding, indicators of a deficit in viral contacts during infancy or the number of infectious diseases, were significant risk factors. We observed a strong association with fewer routine immunizations with a 3.2-fold increase for those children getting less than fo…
Effect of skiing speed on ski and pole forces in cross-country skiing.
2008
Purpose: The present study characterized pole and ski forces in classical technique cross-country skiing. Eight elite junior cross-country skiers performed diagonal skiing at 65%, 75%, 90%, and 100% of maximum speed on a stable 100-m-low uphill (2.5[degrees]). Method: The ski and the pole forces (vertical (Fz) and horizontal (Fy) directions) on the right and left sides were recorded separately when the skier skied over a special custom-made force platform system placed at the end of the uphill course. The entire system consisted of four separate 20-m-long rows of 1-m-long force plates connected in series, row by row. Results: When the forces were averaged for the various functional phases o…