Search results for "THERMODYNAMICS"

showing 10 items of 2774 documents

Onset of convection in a porous rectangular channel with external heat transfer to upper and lower fluid environments

2012

Published version of an article in the journal: Transport in Porous Media. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-012-0018-9 The conditions for the onset of convection in a horizontal rectangular channel filled with a fluid saturated porous medium are studied. The vertical sidewalls are assumed to be impermeable and adiabatic. The horizontal upper and lower boundary walls are considered as impermeable and subject to external heat transfer, modelled through a third-kind boundary condition on the temperature field. The external fluid environments above and below the channel, kept at different temperatures, provide the heating-from-below mechanism which may lead…

ConvectionVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Mathematics: 410::Applied mathematics: 413Materials scienceDarcy's lawBiot numberGeneral Chemical EngineeringThermodynamicsMechanicsCatalysisPhysics::Fluid Dynamicsanalytical solutionDarcy’s lawHeat transferBoundary value problemVDP::Technology: 500::Materials science and engineering: 520Porous mediumAdiabatic processrectangular porous channelDarcy–Bénard problemLongitudinal wavelinear stabilitythird-kind temperature conditions
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The simulation of morphology of dissimilar copper–steel electron beam welds using level set method

2010

Abstract In present work, the simulation of morphology and velocity field in dissimilar electron beam welds formed between the metals with limited solubility is described by the example of copper–stainless steel couple. Finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5 has been employed due to its flexibility in solving of coupled multiphysical problems. The domination of horizontal flows allows reducing the model to two dimensions. Level set method has been used to determine the position of the interface between immiscible components basing on coupled heat transfer and fluid flow pseudo-stationary solution. The evolution of the shape, fluid flow and mixing pattern in function of operational …

ConvectionWork (thermodynamics)Level set methodGeneral Computer ScienceChemistryMultiphysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyMineralogyGeneral ChemistryMechanicsFinite element methodComputational MathematicsMechanics of MaterialsHeat transferElectron beam weldingFluid dynamicsGeneral Materials ScienceComputational Materials Science
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Influence on the macrosegregation of binary metallic alloys by thermoelectromagnetic convection and electromagnetic stirring combination

2014

International audience; Influence of a slowly rotating 0.5 T transverse magnetic field on the directionally solidified metallic alloy has been experimentally studied in this work. Main idea is to study an influence on the melt flow and material structure caused by the simultaneous electromagnetic stirring and thermoelectromagnetic convection with comparable magnitudes. Electromagnetic stirring and thermoelectromagnetic convection intensities have been estimated analytically to find optimal experimental parameters. It is experimentally demonstrated that with such an interaction it is possible to modify component macrosegregation of Sn-10 wt% Pb alloy. Helical macrosegregation within cylindri…

ConvectionWork (thermodynamics)Materials scienceMetallurgyAlloy0211 other engineering and technologiesBinary number02 engineering and technologyMechanics[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryengineering.material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsInorganic ChemistryMetallic alloyPhysics::Fluid DynamicsElectromagnetic stirringMaterial structureMaterials Chemistryengineering0210 nano-technology021102 mining & metallurgyMelt flow index
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Onset of Convection in an Inclined Anisotropic Porous Layer with Internal Heat Generation

2019

The onset of convection in an inclined porous layer which is heated internally by a uniform distribution of heat sources is considered. We investigate the combined effects of inclination, anisotropy and internal heat generation on the linear instability of the basic parallel flow. When the Rayleigh number is sufficiently large, instability occurs and a convective motion is set up. It turns out that the preferred motion at convection onset depends quite strongly on the anisotropy ratio, &xi

ConvectioninclinationMaterials scienceonsetComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION02 engineering and technologyanisotropylcsh:Thermodynamics01 natural sciencesInstability010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics::Fluid Dynamicsporous media0203 mechanical engineeringlcsh:QC310.15-3190103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsheat generationAnisotropyconvectionlcsh:QC120-168.85Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesMechanical EngineeringMechanicsRayleigh numberCondensed Matter PhysicsVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Matematikk: 410Transverse plane020303 mechanical engineering & transportsTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESHeat generationComputer Science::Programming Languageslcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsInternal heatingPorous mediumFluids
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Zn(II)-alloferon complexes - Similar sequence, different coordination modes, no antibacterial activity.

2020

Often, in the search for a highly defined scientific phenomenon, a different one becomes apparent. This was also the case of this work, in the scope of which we planned to search for metal-enhanced, novel antibacterial/ antifungal compounds. Instead, we denied the existence of such and revealed the details of the bioinorganic chemistry of Zn(II)-alloferon complexes. Zinc(II) complexes of alloferon 1 and 2, ligands with a sequential difference of one amino acid only, show a substantially different coordination pattern at physiological pH. In the case of Zn(II)-alloferon 1 species, a histamine-like binding mode is observed (N-terminal amine and imidazole of His-1) and the coordination sphere …

Coordination sphereAlloferon; Metal-antimicrobial peptide complex; Metal-peptide thermodynamics; Zinc(II)StereochemistryProton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementZincMicrobial Sensitivity Tests010402 general chemistryLigands01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMass SpectrometryInorganic ChemistryAlloferonchemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipCoordination ComplexesImidazoleMetal-antimicrobial peptide complexHistidineAmino Acid Sequencechemistry.chemical_classificationMetal-peptide thermodynamics010405 organic chemistryBioinorganic chemistryZinc(II)0104 chemical sciencesAmino acidAnti-Bacterial AgentsZincchemistryThermodynamicsChemical stabilityAmine gas treatingAntibacterial activityPeptidesJournal of inorganic biochemistry
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Density functional theory description of random Cu-Au alloys

2019

Density functional alloy theory is used to accurately describe the three core effects controlling the thermodynamics of random Cu-Au alloys. These three core effects are exchange correlation (XC), local lattice relaxations (LLRs), and short-range order (SRO). Within the real-space grid-based projector augmented-wave (GPAW) method based on density functional theory (DFT), we adopt the quasinonuniform XC approximation (QNA), and take into account the LLR and the SRO effects. Our approach allows us to study the importance of all three core effects in a unified way within one DFT code. The results demonstrate the importance of the LLR term and show that going from the classical gradient level a…

Copper alloysfirst-principles calculationstiheysfunktionaaliteoriaDensity functional theoryThermodynamicsmetalliseoksetBinary alloyselectronic structureGold alloysLunar surface analysis
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Connectivity Influences on Nonlinear Dynamics in Weakly-Synchronized Networks: Insights from Rössler Systems, Electronic Chaotic Oscillators, Model a…

2019

Natural and engineered networks, such as interconnected neurons, ecological and social networks, coupled oscillators, wireless terminals and power loads, are characterized by an appreciable heterogeneity in the local connectivity around each node. For instance, in both elementary structures such as stars and complex graphs having scale-free topology, a minority of elements are linked to the rest of the network disproportionately strongly. While the effect of the arrangement of structural connections on the emergent synchronization pattern has been studied extensively, considerably less is known about its influence on the temporal dynamics unfolding within each node. Here, we present a compr…

Correlation dimensionCollective behaviornonlinear dynamicGeneral Computer ScienceComputer scienceNetwork topologyTopology01 natural sciencesnetwork topology010305 fluids & plasmasnode degreeRössler systemEntropy (classical thermodynamics)nonlinear dynamicschaotic transition0103 physical sciencesEntropy (information theory)Attractor dimensionGeneral Materials Sciencestructural connectivity010306 general physicsprediction errorstochastic dynamicsGeneral EngineeringSaito oscillatorelectronic chaotic oscillatorComplex networkNonlinear systemneuronal culturestochastic dynamicnodal strengthChaotic oscillatorscomplexityentropysynchronizationEntropy (order and disorder)
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A finite size scaling study of the five-dimensional Ising model

1994

For systems above the marginal dimension d*, where mean field theory starts to become valid, such as Ising models in d = 5 for which d* = 4, hyperscaling is invalid and hence it was suggested that finite size scaling is not ruled by the correlation length ξ (∝ |t| −1/2 in Landau theory, t being the distance from the critical point) but by a “thermodynamic length” l (∝ |t| −2/d). Early simulation work by Binder et al. using nearest neighbor hypercubic L5 lattices with L ⩽ 7 yielded some evidence for this prediction, but the renormalized coupling constant gL = −3 + 〈M4〉/〈M2〉2 at Tc was gL ≈ −1.0 instead of the prediction of Brezin and Zinn-Justin, gL(Tc) = −3 + Γ4(1/4)/(8 π2) ≈ −0.812. In the…

Coupling constantPhysicsMean field theoryCondensed matter physicsCritical point (thermodynamics)General Physics and AstronomyIsing modelCoupling (probability)ScalingLandau theoryk-nearest neighbors algorithmAnnalen der Physik
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Tripartite thermal correlations in an inhomogeneous spin-star system

2010

We exploit the tripartite negativity to study the thermal correlations in a tripartite system, that is the three outer spins interacting with the central one in a spin-star system. We analyze the dependence of such correlations on the homogeneity of the interactions, starting from the case where central-outer spin interactions are identical and then focusing on the case where the three coupling constants are different. We single out some important differences between the negativity and the concurrence.

Coupling constantPhysicsQuantum PhysicsSpinsCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciencesConcurrenceNegativity effectCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsStar systemThermalHomogeneity (physics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Entanglement Thermodynamics Spin systems
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Numerical Simulation of Thermal Effects in Electric Circuits via Energy Transport equations

2006

In this work we present the coupling of stationary energy-transport (ET) equations with Modified Nodal Analysis (MNA)-equations to model electric circuits containing semiconductor devices. The one-dimensional ET-equations are discretised in space by an exponential fitting mixed hybrid finite element approach to ensure current continuity and positivity of charge carriers. The discretised ET-equations are coupled to MNA-equations and the resulting system is solved with backwarddifference formulas. Numerical examples are shown for a test circuit containing a pn-diode, and the results are compared to those achieved using the drift-diffusion model to describe the semiconductor devices in the cir…

CouplingEngineeringWork (thermodynamics)Computer simulationbusiness.industryMathematical analysisMechanical engineeringCharge carrierSemiconductor devicebusinessModified nodal analysisExponential functionElectronic circuitPAMM
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