Search results for "TLE"

Effects of temperature on post-methanation of digested dairy cow manure in a farm-scale biogas production system.

2003

A post-methanation process that could be adopted at farm-scale, operating at temperatures prevailing in farm manure digester post-storage tanks, was evaluated. Digested manure samples from a farm digester (35 degrees C) and post-storage tank (5-10 degrees C) were incubated in parallel batches at 5-20 degrees C and as reference at 35 and 55 degrees C. Specific methane yields (kg(-1) volatile solids (VS)(added waste)) were 0.20-0.26 m3 at 35-55 degrees C and 0.085-0.09 m3 at 10-20 degrees C for digester material (345 days of incubation) and 0.16-0.21 m3 at 35-55 degrees C, 0.053-0.087 kg(-1) VS(added waste) m3 at 15-20 degrees C and 0.026 m3 at 10 degrees C for post-storage tank material (250…

Vers des indicateurs locaux de performance énergétique : les étiquettes énergétiques territoriales. Une première approche à partir de l'estimation de…

2009

Global warming compels to investigate the decrease of green house gas effect emissions and so energy consumption reduction. At local scale, it leads to reach concrete goals regarding energy efficiency, which could be approached through the definition of indicators and guidelines for decision-makers. From the example of the city of Besançon (France), this research aims to define an original indicator, useful for planners. Considering a standardized mobility behaviour of inhabitants, we propose elements of methodology to measure the relative energy consumption of each zone based on their relative distance to the nearest shops, services and employment zones. The results display "zonal energy l…

Plastic or not plastic? That’s the problem: analysing the Italian students purchasing behavior of mineral water bottles made with eco-friendly packag…

2022

Abstract European Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy draws new shapes of economy in order to protect the environment and reduce marine pollution, GHGs and countries’ dependence on imported fossil fuels. The core of EU Strategy is also to try to transform the way plastic products are designed, produced, used and recycled in the EU. Italy is the first country in Europe and the second in the world for consumption of bottled water, with remarkable environmental impacts, from production to distribution. Starting from social science theory, this work aims to investigate consumers' behavior and the related factors that influence their behavior pertaining to the purchase of. mineral water …

The consequences of demographic change in Rhineland-Palatinate: scenarios of landscape consumption for settlement and transportation areas

2007

Generation of Earth's early continents from a relatively cool Archean mantle

2019

This research has been supported by DFG grant, SPP 1833 Building a Habitable Earth and MAGMA Consolidator Grant (ERC project #71143). Several lines of evidence suggest that the Archean (4.0 2.5 Ga) mantle was hotter than today's potential temperature (TP) of  1350 ° C. However, the magnitude of such difference is poorly constrained, with TP estimation spanning from 1500 ° C to 1600 ° C during the Meso‐Archean (3.2‐2.8 Ga). Such differences have major implications for the interpreted mechanisms of continental crust generation on the early Earth, as their efficacy is highly sensitive to the TP. Here, we integrate petrological modeling with thermomechanical simulations to understand the dynami…

Active geodynamics of the central Mediterranean Sea: Tensional tectonic evidences in western Sicily from mantle-derived helium

2005

[1] We report results on the measured high 3He/4He isotope ratio in western Sicily, interpreted together with the heat data. The study of this sector of the Europe-Africa interaction is crucial to a better understanding of the tectonics and the geodynamical evolution of the central Mediterranean area. The estimated mantle-derived helium fluxes in the investigated areas are up to 2–3 orders of magnitude greater than those of a stable continental area. The highest flux, found in the southernmost area near the Sicily Channel, where recent eruptions of the Ferdinandea Island occurred 20 miles out to sea off Sciacca, has been associated with a clear excess of heat flow. Our results indicate that…

Teoria dell’equilibrio del controllo di Tittle

2021

Viene analizzata la teoria elaborata da Charles R. Tittle che combina assunti derivati da una serie di teorie, come la teoria del controllo sociale, l’associazione differenziale, l’anomia, le teorie del conflitto, l’etichettamento, la scelta razionale e la teoria delle attività di routine. The theory developed by Charles R. Tittle is analyzed which combines assumptions derived from a series of theories, such as the theory of social control, differential association, anomie, conflict theories, labeling, rational choice and theory of routine activities.

Boom Motion Control Using Pressure Control Valve

2014

This paper focuses on the reduction in oscillations created by counterbalance valves by using a proportional pressure control valve. The motion control of a cylinder boom is presented using this valve, which is a 4/3-way directional control valve with the main spool in series with an upstream compensator. The input to the valve control is a main spool position reference and, indirectly, the compensator downstream pressure. This gives a different flow gain and, therefore, a different feedforward scheme as compared to applications with the more common pressure compensated flow control valve. The theory behind the pressure control valve is presented and applied to both a theoretical and experi…

Analysis of thermally induced flows in the laboratory by geoelectrical 3-D tomography

2010

[1] Many natural bodies as well as materials inside industrial installations, such as the Earth's mantle and the glass inside melting furnaces, exchange matter through convection. These processes result from differences in temperature, density, and chemical concentration. In this analysis, we focus on the visualization of thermally driven flows in the laboratory. In nature and in industrial installations, it is difficult to measure the temperature inside the object of interest directly. We benchmark a new DC-geoelectrical 3-D tomography method for temperature measurements that allows obtaining temperature values without influencing the flow pattern. For verification of the method, we use di…

Geoid effects in a convecting system with lateral viscosity variations

1992

The geoid signal and the flow patterns of two-dimensional steady state convection models with exponential temperature- and depth dependent viscosity are compared with results for an equivalent stratified viscosity structure. In analogy to Richards and Hager [1989], the latter are computed by a “dynamic response” approach. The flow fields obtained with this approach are quite different from the full solution; the geoid signals are similar but the amplitudes differ significantly. The differences are analysed in the horizontal wavenumber domain and in the spatial domain. They may lead to an overestimation of the viscosity contrast of the earth's mantle derived by modeling the earth's geoid wit…