Search results for "TNFα"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
Evaluation of Changes in Gut Microbiota in Patients with Crohn’s Disease after Anti-Tnfα Treatment: Prospective Multicenter Observational Study
2020
Background: Crohn’s disease is believed to result from the interaction between genetic susceptibility, environmental factors and gut microbiota, leading to an aberrant immune response. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative changes in the microbiota of patients with Crohn’s disease after six months of anti-tumor-necrosis factor (anti-TNFα) (infliximab or adalimumab) treatment and to determine whether these changes lead to the recovery of normal microbiota when compared to a control group of healthy subjects. In addition, we will evaluate the potential role of the Faecalibacterium prausnitzii/Escherichia coli and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii/Clostridium…
Interleukin 10 restores lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations in synaptic plasticity probed by repetitive magnetic stimulation
2020
Systemic inflammation is associated with alterations in complex brain functions such as learning and memory. However, diagnostic approaches to functionally assess and quantify inflammation-associated alterations in synaptic plasticity are not well-established. In previous work, we demonstrated that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation alters the ability of hippocampal neurons to express synaptic plasticity, i.e., the long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory neurotransmission. Here, we tested whether synaptic plasticity induced by repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used in clinical practice, is affected by LPS-induc…
Mboat7 down-regulation by hyper-insulinemia induces fat accumulation in hepatocytes.
2020
Background: Naturally occurring variation in Membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7), encoding for an enzyme involved in phosphatidylinositol acyl-chain remodelling, has been associated with fatty liver and hepatic disorders. Here, we examined the relationship between hepatic Mboat7 down-regulation and fat accumulation. Methods: Hepatic MBOAT7 expression was surveyed in 119 obese individuals and in experimental models. MBOAT7 was acutely silenced by antisense oligonucleotides in C57Bl/6 mice, and by CRISPR/Cas9 in HepG2 hepatocytes. Findings: In obese individuals, hepatic MBOAT7 mRNA decreased from normal liver to steatohepatitis, independently of diabetes, inflammatio…
Different Transcriptional Activity and In Vitro TNF-α Production in Psoriasis Patients Carrying the TNF-α 238A Promoter Polymorphism
2000
Genes encoded on chromosome 6 within the major histocompatibility complex region are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. A potential candidate gene is tumor necrosis factor alpha. The tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter contains several polymorphisms including two G--A transitions at position -308 and -238, which are the most common in Caucasian populations. The TNF238.2 (-238A) allele has been strongly associated with psoriasis. We have investigated the effect of the -238 and -308 variants on transcription of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene in luciferase reporter gene assays. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 47 patients with psoriasis…
Extracellular Vesicles from Hyperammonemic Rats Induce Neuroinflammation and Motor Incoordination in Control Rats.
2020
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy is associated with changes in the peripheral immune system which are transferred to the brain, leading to neuroinflammation and thus to cognitive and motor impairment. Mechanisms by which changes in the immune system induce cerebral alterations remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) seem to play a role in this process in certain pathologies. The aim of this work was to assess whether EVs play a role in the induction of neuroinflammation in cerebellum and motor incoordination by chronic hyperammonemia. We characterized the differences in protein cargo of EVs from plasma of hyperammonemic and control rats by proteomics and Western blot. We assessed whether…
Intérêt des méthodes alternatives dans l’évaluation du médicament dans les populations particulières
2020
Well conducted randomized clinical trial is considered gold standard in drug safety and efficacy evaluation. Drug development can be challenging in rare diseases, or in ethically sensitive populations (pregnant women, children, patient with cognitive defect), because of low number of subjects. The low rate of observed events at a sample scale in this population can lead to a biased evaluation of drugs compared to the general population. The aim of this work was to address alternative methods for drug evaluation in particular populations, especially pharmaco-epidemiology on populational database of the SNDS (Système National des Données de Santé). We first evaluate the safety of anti-TNFα in…
Enhanced expression of a cloned and sequenced Ciona intestinalis TNFa-like (CiTNFa) gene during the LPS-induced inflammatory response.
2008
A tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-like gene from Ciona intestinalis (CiTNF alpha-like) body wall challenged with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was cloned and sequenced 4 h after LPS inoculation. An open reading frame of 936 bp encoding a propeptide of 312 amino acids (35.4 kDa) displaying a transmembrane domain from positions 7 to 29, a TACE cleavage site, and a mature peptide domain of 185 amino acids (20.9 kDa), was determined with a predicted isoelectric point of 9.4. The phylogenetic tree based on deduced amino acid sequences of invertebrate TNF-like protein and vertebrate TNFs supported the divergence between the ascidian and vertebrate TNF families, whereas D. melanogaster…
Effet anti-tumoral de l'acide docosahexaénoïque : implication des microARNs et du TNFalpha
2015
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumoral properties. The anti-tumor effect of DHA in colorectal cancer might be attributed to direct anti-proliferative action on cancer cells and to its ability to reduce inflammatory status involved in tumor growth. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFa) is an inflammatory cytokine with paradoxical effect in cancer biology. According to the cellular context, TNFa activates RIP1 kinase dependent signaling pathway leading to proliferation or cell death. Our aim was to evaluate the role of TNFa in anti-proliferative effect of DHA in colon cancer cells and to precise the molecular mechanisms regulat…
Molecular basis of the effects of argan oil on mitochondrial and peroxisomal metabolism of the fatty acids and inflammation
2012
The objective of this thesis work was to explore the molecular basis of Argan Oil (AO) effects on the mitochondrial and peroxisomal lipid metabolism and to elucidate its anti-inflammatory potential. We thus showed, initially, that the artisanal method preparation preserved the antioxidant properties of AO preventing the oxidation of the ferulic acid, by contrast to AO of commercial origin. Then, the treatment by the AO or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of human fibroblasts, the cellular model of pseudo-neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (P-NALD), revealed for the AO that peroxisomes proliferation is independent from the activation of the nuclear receptor PPARα and the co-activator PGC-1α. On the othe…