Search results for "TOOL"

showing 10 items of 821 documents

Understanding and Controlling Food Protein Structure and Function in Foods: Perspectives from Experiments and Computer Simulations

2020

The structure and interactions of proteins play a critical role in determining the quality attributes of many foods, beverages, and pharmaceutical products. Incorporating a multiscale understanding of the structure–function relationships of proteins can provide greater insight into, and control of, the relevant processes at play. Combining data from experimental measurements, human sensory panels, and computer simulations through machine learning allows the construction of statistical models relating nanoscale properties of proteins to the physicochemical properties, physiological outcomes, and tastes of foods. This review highlights several examples of advanced computer simulations at mol…

MultiscaleInterface interactionsComputer scienceIn silicorare-event method02 engineering and technologyMolecular dynamics01 natural sciencesconstant-pH simulationArticleStructure-Activity RelationshipGPCRruokafoods0103 physical sciencesComputer Simulationcomputer simulationssimulointiravintoaineetProtein-sugar interactionsConstant pH simulationfood proteintilastolliset mallit2. Zero hungerMolecular interactionsCoarse graining010304 chemical physicsQSARFood proteinmolecular dynamicRare-event methodsexperiments021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyToolboxfysikaaliset ominaisuudetkemialliset ominaisuudetStructure and functionsimulation food carbohydrates pHFoodcoarse grainingmolecular interactionEmulsionsDietary ProteinsproteiinitBiochemical engineeringmaku (aineen ominaisuudet)0210 nano-technologyfysiologiset vaikutuksetFood ScienceAnnual Review of Food Science and Technology
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MuTE: a new matlab toolbox for estimating the multivariate transfer entropy in physiological variability series

2014

We present a new time series analysis toolbox, developed in Matlab, for the estimation of the Transfer entropy (TE) between time series taken from a multivariate dataset. The main feature of the toolbox is its fully multivariate implementation, that is made possible by the design of an approach for the non-uniform embedding (NUE) of the observed time series. The toolbox is equipped with parametric (linear) and non-parametric (based on binning or nearest neighbors) entropy estimators. All these estimators, implemented using the NUE approach in comparison with the classical approach based on uniform embedding, are tested on RR interval, systolic pressure and respiration variability series mea…

Multivariate statisticsComputer scienceBiomedical EngineeringEstimatorToolboxSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaStatisticsEntropy (information theory)Transfer entropyTime seriesMATLABAlgorithmcomputerParametric statisticscomputer.programming_language
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Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Cell–Cell Communication in the Nervous System: Focus on Neurological Diseases

2019

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are membranous particles released by cells into the extracellular space. They are involved in cell differentiation, tissue homeostasis, and organ remodelling in virtually all tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). They are secreted by a range of cell types and via blood reaching other cells whose functioning they can modify because they transport and deliver active molecules, such as proteins of various types and functions, lipids, DNA, and miRNAs. Since they are relatively easy to isolate, exosomes can be characterized, and their composition elucidated and manipulated by bioengineering techniques. Consequently, exosomes appear…

Nervous systemReviewCell CommunicationTheranostic NanomedicineCatalysilcsh:Chemistry0302 clinical medicineCell–cell interactionlcsh:QH301-705.5Tissue homeostasisSpectroscopyDrug Carriers0303 health sciencesnervous systemCell DifferentiationNeurodegenerative DiseasesComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionGeneral MedicineExtracellular vesicleComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureTheranostics toolExtracellular vesicleextracellular vesiclesneurological diseasesCell signalingCell typecell–cell interactionexosomesBiologyCatalysisInorganic Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesExtracellularmedicineCell-cell interactionHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologytheranostics toolsOrganic ChemistrybiomarkersBiomarkercentral nervous systemMicrovesiclesExosomelcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurological diseaseInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Supramodal neural processing of abstract information conveyed by speech and gesture

2013

Abstractness and modality of interpersonal communication have a considerable impact on comprehension. They are relevant for determining thoughts and constituting internal models of the environment. Whereas concrete object-related information can be represented in mind irrespective of language, abstract concepts require a representation in speech. Consequently, modality-independent processing of abstract information can be expected. Here we investigated the neural correlates of abstractness (abstract vs. concrete) and modality (speech vs. gestures), to identify an abstractness-specific supramodal neural network. During fMRI data acquisition 20 participants were presented with videos of an ac…

Neural correlates of consciousnessModality (human–computer interaction)Cognitive NeuroscienceSpeech recognitionspeechfMRIRepresentation (systemics)Context (language use)Interpersonal communicationemblematic gesturesSemanticslcsh:RC321-571ComprehensionBehavioral NeuroscienceNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologytool-use gesturesabstract semanticsgestureOriginal Research ArticlePsychologylcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryGestureNeuroscienceFrontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
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Nanomaterial-based electrochemical immunosensors as advanced diagnostic tools

2014

A literature survey has been made of recent advances in the use of new nanomaterials for the biosensing of different biomolecules, which have opened new horizons in identifying and quantifying biomolecules, for possible early diagnosis of disease. Nanomaterials show similar dimensions to biomolecules like proteins (enzymes, antigens and antibodies) and DNA. The integration of nanomaterials with biomaterials results in novel hybrid nanobiomaterials with synergetic properties and functions. In this review, we will discuss recent progress in the field, describing the basic concepts of nanomaterial-based platforms for development and expansion of immunosensors and nanosensors. We present an ove…

New horizonsComputer scienceNanosensorGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral EngineeringNanotechnologyLiterature surveyDiagnostic toolsAnalytical ChemistryNanomaterialsAnal. Methods
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Viaggi nell’immaginario: il turismo virtuale nel sito UNESCO di Tarragona

2023

Le nuove tecnologie hanno trasformato in modo radicale non solo la geografia come disciplina, ma anche le geografie del mondo. Il digitale ha assunto, infatti, un ruolo di mediazione sempre più pervasivo nella produzione dello spazio, come delle conoscenze e degli immaginari geografici. Le possibilità offerte dal virtuale, in particolare, offrono oggi un contributo decisivo nella comunicazione dei significati attribuiti ai luoghi e rispondono in modo sempre più efficace ai bisogni emergenti del settore turistico. Le esperienze di visita mediate dal digitale mirano a coinvolgere i sensi e risultano efficaci quando promuovono immersioni rigorosamente realistiche. Nel quadro di queste riflessi…

New technologies have radically transformed not only geography as a discipline but also the geographies of the world. Indeed the digital has assumed an increasingly pervasive mediating role in the production of space as of geographic knowledge and imaginaries. The possibilities offered by the virtual in particular now offer a decisive contribution in communicating the meanings attributed to places and respond increasingly effectively to the emerging needs of the tourism sector. Digitally mediated visitor experiences aim to engage the senses and are effective when they promote rigorously realistic immersions. Within the framework of these reflections the paper highlights the renewed relevance of authenticity both of the tourism experience and of cultural heritage in relation to its potential for attraction and proposes a contextualization of the theme in light of the unprecedented opportunities granted by technologies for the creation of virtual and augmented spaces. The proposed discussion is therefore also a journey aimed at exploring authenticity as a tool through which new technologies can effectively mediate a sense of place and foster brand communication of a destination. The case study is the UNESCO site of Tarragona whose most relevant image for urban policies is presented. This shared figuration spatially defined and rooted in a precise historical moment is reconstructed on the one hand through the analysis of functional documentation for the candidacy and on the other by means of a review of mobile applications developed for the promotion of the city's cultural heritage. The proposed journey and exploration of the place return in light of the research data and in conclusion the central role played by digital technologies in mediating the UNESCO imaginary. The forms of virtual tourism in Tarragona confirm that to travel is to experience a text enveloped in time and inscribed in space.Settore M-GGR/01 - Geografia
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SymbioGenomesDB: a database for the integration and access to knowledge on host-symbiont relationships.

2014

Symbiotic relationships occur naturally throughout the tree of life, either in a commensal, mutualistic or pathogenic manner. The genomes of multiple organisms involved in symbiosis are rapidly being sequenced and becoming available, especially those from the microbial world. Currently, there are numerous databases that offer information on specific organisms or models, but none offer a global understanding on relationships between organisms, their interactions and capabilities within their niche, as well as their role as part of a system, in this case, their role in symbiosis. We have developed the SymbioGenomesDB as a community database resource for laboratories which intend to investigat…

NicheTree of lifeGenomicsBiologycomputer.software_genreGenomeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHost-Parasite InteractionsUser-Computer InterfaceDatabases GeneticAnimalsHumansSymbiosisInternetGenomeDatabasebusiness.industryMetadataDatabase ToolGenesScripting languageTable (database)The InternetGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesbusinesscomputerInformation SystemsDatabase : the journal of biological databases and curation
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First observation of a baryonic Bc+ decay

2014

A baryonic decay of the $B_c^+$ meson, $B_c^+\to J/\psi p\overline{p}\pi^+$, is observed for the first time, with a significance of $7.3$ standard deviations, in $pp$ collision data collected with the LHCb detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3.0$ fb$^{-1}$ taken at center-of-mass energies of $7$ and $8$ $\mathrm{TeV}$. With the $B_c^+\to J/\psi \pi^+$ decay as normalization channel, the ratio of branching fractions is measured to be \begin{equation*} \frac{\mathcal{B}(B_c^+\to J/\psi p\overline{p}\pi^+)}{\mathcal{B}(B_c^+\to J/\psi \pi^+)} = 0.143^{\,+\,0.039}_{\,-\,0.034}\,(\mathrm{stat})\pm0.013\,(\mathrm{syst}). \end{equation*} The mass of the $B_c^+$ meson is dete…

Nuclear TheoryAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]TOOLFactorizationNuclear ExperimentQCPhysicsPhysicsParticle physics12.39.StPhysical SciencesComputer Science::Mathematical SoftwareFísica nuclearLHCMESONParticle Physics - ExperimentComputer Science::Machine LearningMeson530 Physics14.40.NdPhysics MultidisciplinaryFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics InstituteLHCb - Abteilung HofmannAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsComputer Science::Digital LibrariesNONuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)Hadronic decays of bottom meson0103 physical sciencesPi010306 general physicsScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicshep-exHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologymeson; toolBaryonLHCb13.25.HwBottom mesons (|B|>0)High Energy Physics::ExperimentFísica de partículesExperiments
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Measurement of the B-0 -> K*(0) e(+) e(-) branching fraction at low dilepton mass

2013

The branching fraction of the rare decay B-0 -> K*(0) e(+) e(-) in the dilepton mass region from 30 to 1000 MeV/c(2) has been measured by the LHCb experiment, using pp collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1), at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The decay mode B-0 -> J/psi (e(+) e(-)) K*(0) is utilized as a normalization channel. The branching fraction B(B-0 -> K*(0) e(+) e(-)) is measured to be B(B-0 -> K*(0) e(+) e(-))(30-1000 MeV/c2) = (3.1(-0.8)(-0.3)(+0.9)(+0.2) +/- 0.2) x 10(-7) where the fi rst error is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third comes from the uncertainties on the B-0 -> J/K*(0) and J/psi -> e(+) e(-) branching fractions.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsB physicModels beyond the standard modelFlavour Changing Neutral CurrentsFOS: Physical sciencesHadrons01 natural sciencesDECAYSB physicsPartícules (Física nuclear)High Energy Physics - ExperimentSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareNeutral currentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Neutral currents0103 physical sciencesLeptonic semileptonic and radiative decays of bottom meson[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]TOOLDECAYS; TOOL010306 general physicsLarge Hadron Collider (France and Switzerland)QCPhysicsFlavour Changing Neutral CurrentHadron-Hadron Scattering010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionB physics; Branching fraction; Flavour Changing Neutral Currents; Hadron-Hadron Scattering; Rare decayHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGran Col·lisionador d'Hadrons3. Good healthCromodinàmica quànticaFIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALERare decayB physics; Branching fraction; Flavour Changing Neutral Currents; Hadron-Hadron Scattering; Rare decay; Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsBottom mesons (|B|>0); Leptonic semileptonic and radiative decays of bottom mesons; Neutral currents; Models beyond the standard modelLeptonic semileptonic and radiative decays of bottom mesonsBottom mesons (|B|>0)Branching fractionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentFísica nuclearDECAYParticle Physics - ExperimentQuantum chromodynamics
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Light sterile neutrino sensitivity at the nuSTORM facility

2014

A facility that can deliver beams of electron and muon neutrinos from the decay of a stored muon beam has the potential to unambiguously resolve the issue of the evidence for light sterile neutrinos that arises in short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments and from estimates of the effective number of neutrino flavors from fits to cosmological data. In this paper, we show that the nuSTORM facility, with stored muons of 3.8 GeV/c $\pm$ 10%, will be able to carry out a conclusive muon neutrino appearance search for sterile neutrinos and test the LSND and MiniBooNE experimental signals with 10$\sigma$ sensitivity, even assuming conservative estimates for the systematic uncertainties. This…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsSolar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy & AstrophysicsComputer Science::Digital LibrariesPartícules (Física nuclear)High Energy Physics - ExperimentMiniBooNENuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0201 Astronomical and Space SciencesTOOLKITNeutrino oscillationDETECTOR0206 Quantum PhysicsPhysicsGALLEXScience & Technologyhep-exPhysicsPHYSICS PARTICLES & FIELDSHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologyhep-phSolar neutrino problemNuclear & Particles PhysicsCosmic neutrino backgroundHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyNeutrino detectorPhysical Sciences0202 Atomic Molecular Nuclear Particle and Plasma PhysicsComputer Science::Mathematical SoftwareMeasurements of neutrino speedPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoParticle Physics - Experiment
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