Search results for "TOXICITY"
showing 10 items of 2261 documents
Dose Dependency of Sex Differences in the Effects of Repeated Haloperidol Administration in Avoidance Conditioning in Mice
1999
Sex differences in the effects of haloperidol in active avoidance conditioning in mice have previously been found in various studies carried out in our laboratory. Males were more affected than females by the disruptive effects of this neuroleptic. The work described here broadens the study of these sex differences to higher doses of haloperidol (0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg) using a repeated administration schedule (5 days). The results did not show sex differences in the deteriorating effects of this dopamine antagonist in the escape-avoidance response, but a tendency in the number of nonresponses was observed in the same direction as former results: male animals were more sensitive than females to …
Short-term exposure to sublethal tebuconazole induces physiological impairment in male zebrafish (Danio rerio).
2010
Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the physiological response of male zebrafish Danio rerio to the fungicide tebuconazole and recovery in fungicide-free water. Acute toxicity tests were carried out and the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) from 24 to 96 h was calculated. The fish were exposed to a sublethal fungicide concentration of 230 μg/L for 7 or 14 days and allowed to recover for 7 or 14 more days, respectively. Whole-body levels of vitellogenins, triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, lactate and proteins as well as the activities γ-glutamil transpeptidase (γ-GT), alanin aminotransferase (AlAT), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assayed;…
Gemcitabine, oxaliplatin and weekly high-dose 5-FU as 24-h infusion in chemonaive patients with advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a m…
2006
ABSTRACT Background: Combinations of gemcitabine–oxaliplatin, gemcitabine–5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 5-FU–oxaliplatin have synergistic activity and nonoverlapping adverse effect profiles. This trial assessed efficacy and safety of the triple combination gemcitabine–oxaliplatin and infusional 5-FU in patients with locally advanced (n = 11) or metastatic (n = 32) pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Patients and methods: A total of 43 eligible patients were treated with intravenous infusions of gemcitabine (900 mg/m2 over 30 min), followed by oxaliplatin (65 mg/m2 over 2 h) and 5-FU (1500 mg/m2 over 24 h) on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. Results: Among all 43 patients, the tumor response rate was 19% …
Long-Term Results after Interval Therapy with Intratympanic Gentamicin for Meni??re???s Disease
2004
Objectives The new single-shot and interval treatment for Meniere's disease with gentamicin was designed to avoid cochlear damage during treatment with gentamicin. Methods To date, 90 patients were treated with the single-shot or interval gentamicin therapy. Fifty-seven cases of Meniere's disease were followed up prospectively between 2 and 4 years. During one treatment series, a maximum of three intratympanic gentamicin injections within 15 days were applied, each consisting of 0.3 mL (12 mg) of gentamicin (days 1, 8, and 15). Thirty of these 57 patients (53%) needed only one injection to be controlled (single-shot treatment). Results Vertigo attacks were completely controlled in 95% and p…
Treatment of advanced prostatic cancer with parenteral cyproterone acetate: a phase III randomised trial.
1980
Summary— Forty-two patients with previously untreated T3/4 N1-4 MO/1 prostatic adenocarcinoma were treated with either cyproterone acetate (n=21; 300 mg intramuscularly per week) or oestradiol undecylate (n=21; 100 mg intramuscularly per month) after extensive staging which included open skeletal biopsy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in some cases. Subjective and objective parameters as well as signs of drug toxicity were recorded regularly. Evaluation after 6 months showed cyproterone acetate to be more effective in the following respects: (1) the significantly different castration effect as judged by plasma testosterone, (2) the objective voiding pattern and tumour response, with regression o…
Renal and neurologic effects of cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in children: evidence of early effects and multiple interactions at environmental…
2006
We read with great interest the article by de Burbure et al. (2006) on health effects in children who live near nonferrous smelters in France, the Czech Republic, and Poland. We were especially interested in the inverse relationship found between levels of urinary mercury and serum prolactin. We found a similar result in an Italian multicenter crosssectional survey with adult subjects (Alessio et al. 2002) using a different statistical approach based on regression analysis with mixed linear models. We found that serum prolactin decreased as a function of both urinary mercury and occupational exposure to inorganic mercury (Lucchini et al. 2003). In another study (Carta et al. 2003), our grou…
Nitric Oxide Modulates the Acute Increase of Gastrointestinal Transit Induced by Endotoxin in Rats: a Possible Role for Tachykinins
1997
Abstract Because of the evidence that endogenous nitric oxide (NO) plays an essential role in the physiological regulation of gastrointestinal motility we have investigated, by use of the NO synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), the role of endogenous NO in the acute endotoxin-induced changes of gastrointestinal transit. Pre-treatment with E. coli endotoxin (100 μg kg−, i.v.) induced a significant increase in the gastrointestinal transit of a charcoal suspension in anaesthetized rats. Previous administration of the NO synthase inhibitor, l-NAME (10 mg kg−, i.v.) significantly prevented the effects of endotoxin. l-arginine (200 mg kg−, i.v.) and the substance P antag…
Bolus vs. continuous hepatic arterial infusion of cisplatin plus intravenous 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy for unresectable colorectal metastases.
1994
A multicenter, randomized Phase 2 study that compared patients, affected by colorectal liver metastases, who received intrahepatic arterial infusion with two different schedules of cisplatin, bolusvs. continuous infusion, and systemic 5-fluorouracil. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to validate results of a previous Phase 2 trial on bolus cisplatin intrahepatic arterial infusion, which reported a 47 percent response rate and a 32 percent 4-year survival rate for Gennari's Stage 2 patients, with a high rate of neurologic, gastrointestinal, and hematologic toxicity. METHODS: One hundred nine patients were randomized in a Phase 2 study to receive cisplatin intrahepatic arterial infusion (24 …
Drug‐refractory myasthenia gravis: Clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcome
2022
[Objective] To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with refractory myasthenia gravis (MG) and to determine the effectiveness and side effects of the drugs used for their treatment.
Immuno-toxicological Evaluation of the Adjuvant Formulations for Experimental Anti-meningococcal Vaccines without Aluminium Hydroxide
2019
International audience; The proteoliposomes and cochleates are used as adjuvants for vaccines since they are potent immune stimulators. However, the hyper stimulation of the immune system provoked by adjuvants can cause immunetoxicological side effects. The present study was carried out to evaluate the toxic and immuno-toxicological effects of new adjuvants for anti-meningococci vaccines based on neo-proteoliposomes (nPL) and neocochleates (nCh), in Balb/c mice that were administered doses of 15 µg each, over periods of 14 days through intramuscular route and three inoculations with the same doses through intranasal route, every 7 days. The Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy show…