Search results for "TRADE"
showing 10 items of 1475 documents
AGRI-FOOD TRADE INTENSITY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SCENARIO
2013
In recent years, a political, economic, commercial, social and cultural dialogue get intensified among the Mediterranean countries. In particular, the establishment in 2008 of the Union for the Mediterranean, under the impulse of the French Presidency, represents the last act of the Euro-Mediterranean integration process, that binds more strongly the EU and Mediterranean countries, in particular those of the Southern and Eastern shores. The agriculture is an economic activity of great interest in the Mediterranean area due to the weight of employment and the contribution to the richness it brings to certain countries. In this work we analyze the intensity of agri-food trade among the EU Med…
La libertà sindacale fa irruzione in caserma
2021
Il commento analizza la recente giurisprudenza di merito sulla repressione della condotta antisindacale nell'ordinamento militare, alla luce dei principi costituzionali e dell'ordinamento sovranazionale, e del recente disegno di legge sul sindacato militare. The current work deals with the recent labour court decisions on anti-unions behaviours in the military legal framework, on the grounds of constitutional and international principles, and the recent bill on military unions.
When unions make public policy : Trade Unions and Political Power in 21st Century (France)
2019
International audience; The relationship between trade unionism and politics has been a very traditional issue since the industrial revolution and the development of democratic societies. We propose to examine it from a new perspective. It is no longer a question of decoding the links between trade unionism and ideologies or political parties. Nor is it a question of differentiation between professional and political action. What seems new is the fact that some labour reforms are now being built by the government and trade union organisations. In France, this is the consequence of a 2007 reform that makes it able the French trade unions to draw up a reform agenda regarding particularly trad…
Un printemps social français
2016
In France, the spring of 2016 was marked by a number of demonstrations against the reform of the labour laws. The employers and the unions refused to discuss this reform which had been drawn up without any consultation. It pursues questionable objectives, in particular wanting to make the principal level of industrial relations take place at the level of the firm. Once again, despite a high level of social discontent, collective action was limited. This collective failure to act is mainly due to the institutionalization of trade unions and their financing by employers and the State.
International trade and internal geography revisited
2003
Trade liberalization and trade policy obviously affect the internal distribution of economic activities within a liberalizing country. We show that the impact of decreasing international trade costs on the regional distributionof economic activities crucially depends on the value of transport costs internalto the country. Trade liberalization in developing countries with poor internal infrastructures and small volumes of interregional trade is likely to increase regional disparities, while developed countries with good internalinfrastructures and large volumes of interregional trade are likely to experienceredispersion. We argue that the way transport and trade costs are modeledmight have a…
The Coordination Problem in Regional Integration
2021
A catch-22 situation or coordination failure between the slow creation of well-integrated regional markets and low economic diversification (plus sophistication and specialization) is unfolding in Africa. Ubiquitous trade barriers translate into a paradoxical tariff pattern by which African neighbours are treated worse than remote trade partners. In the face of widespread irregularities and high trade costs, ‘trade facilitation’ has become an important technical approach to easing trade with the support of donor agencies. This chapter examines the systemic potential and limits of trade facilitation programmes. As a general alternative to institution-heavy, imperfect integration along the tr…
Determinants of Italy's agri-food trade flows with the Mediterranean non-Eu partner countries
2013
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the determinants of Italy’s agri-food exports in the markets of Mediterranean non-EU partner countries and, particularly, the impact of Agreement Association signed in the Euro-Mediterranean partnership. The Mediterranean Sea situated at the crossroad of three continents, the European, the Asian and the African one, has ever been of great strategic interest for several geo-economical powers and in particular of the European Union as one of its foreign policy main protagonists. Italy as a centred Mediterranean country which is sharing agri-food production with some Mediterranean partners could profit from the EU’s relationships with the partners of …
Protecting 3D service marks in the EU: the trademark registration dilemma
2020
The thesis aims to illuminate the ill-defined requirements and their theoretical applicability of registering a three-dimensional service mark consisting of a store layout in the wake of the Apple judgement in 2014, granting for the possibility of registering a sign lacking in absolute sizes, relative proportions, as long as the sign passes the “departs significantly” criterion, a relative concept primed for misapplication. Given the market power of certain multinational companies, granting trademark protection on their business environs in the EU may result in distorted competition by abusing the existing legal system. Throughout the analysis the thesis concludes that minimalism-inspired l…
Jurisdiction in cross-border trademark infringements on the internet in the EU
2019
The Internet has transformed everything. And the area of intellectual property and private international law are not exceptions. This paper examines how jurisdiction rules, initially designed for offline cases, are applied in the context of online trademark infringement. It has been found that differentiation should be made with respect to national trademarks and the EU ones - Brussels I Recast applies to the former and European Trademark Regulation to the latter. With national trademarks, the jurisdiction may be granted on the basis of defendant's domicile, place of registration, place of activation of infringing content and the place of access to it. The same applies to the EU trademarks,…
Azerbaidžānas un Latvijas tirdzniecības attiecības no 2004.-2020.gadam
2022
Bakalaura darba mērķis ir analizēt Azerbaidžānas un Latvijas ārējās tirdzniecības attiecības. Balstoties uz promocijas darba mērķi, tika izpildīti šādi mērķi: • Apzināt teorētiskos priekšnoteikumus Azerbaidžānas un Latvijas ekonomisko sakaru attīstībai • Apsveriet normatīvo regulējumu un ekonomiskās mijiedarbības posmus • Apgūt tautsaimniecības attīstības pamatus • Noteikt efektīvas ražošanas metodes • Analizēt pašreizējās tendences tirdzniecības attiecībās Azerbaidžānā • Apsveriet apjomu, dinamiku, tirdzniecības modeļus un jaunos procesus naftas un gāzes tirdzniecībā • Analizēt pašreizējās tendences tirdzniecības attiecībās Latvijā • Izpētīt Azerbaidžānas un Latvijas tirdzniecības attiecīb…