Search results for "TRADE"
showing 10 items of 1475 documents
Traffic fundamentals for A22 Brenner freeway by microsimulation models.
La tesi di dottorato ha avuto come tema lo studio e l’applicazione di un modello di micro-simulazione del traffico in ambito autostradale. Essa si compone di quattro capitoli, con ognuno dei quali si è voluto sintetizzare e descrivere il lavoro di studio e ricerca svolto durante il suddetto corso di Dottorato di Ricerca. L’obiettivo principale del presente lavoro di tesi è stato quello di mettere a punto una metodologia finalizzata all’ottenimento delle relazioni fondamentali di deflusso in ambito autostradale attraverso il software di microsimulazione del traffico Aimsun. Come risulta infatti noto dalla letteratura scientifica, le relazioni fondamentali del deflusso sono utilizzate nel cam…
Capacity-based calculation of passenger car equivalents using traffic simulation at double-lane roundabouts
2018
Abstract Calculation of passenger car equivalents for heavy vehicles represents the starting point for the operational analysis of road facilities and other traffic management applications. This paper introduces a criterion to find the passenger car equivalents that reflect traffic conditions at double-lane roundabouts, where the capacity is typically estimated for each entry lane. Based on the equivalence defined by the proportion of capacity used by vehicles of different classes, the criterion implies a comparison between the capacity that would occur with a traffic demand of passenger cars only and the capacity reached beginning from a demand with a certain percentage of heavy vehicles. …
Determinazione dell’usura di rotaie tranviarie mediante analisi delle immagini con tecniche mono e stereoscopiche
2013
La misura dei valori assunti dai parametri geometrici del binario e lo stato di usura delle rotaie, ormai da diversi anni viene effettuata con tecniche laser ad alto rendimento e con treni diagnostici (come ad esempio i treni Archimede e Talete per le ferrovie ordinarie). Nel presente lavoro viene descritta una nuova procedura per la stima dell’usura del profilo trasversale di rotaie tranviarie in esercizio mediante la tecnica dell’image processing; tale approccio metodologico si basa sulle “informazioni” contenute in immagini fotografiche ad alta risoluzione delle rotaie e su specifici algoritmi che permettono di ottenere l’esatto profilo geometrico delle rotaie stesse e quindi di poter mi…
The Best Hedging Strategy in the Presence of Transaction Costs
2009
Considerable theoretical work has been devoted to the problem of option pricing and hedging with transaction costs. A variety of methods have been suggested and are currently being used for dynamic hedging of options in the presence of transaction costs. However, very little was done on the subject of an empirical comparison of different methods for option hedging with transaction costs. In a few existing studies the different methods are compared by studying their empirical performances in hedging only a plain-vanilla short call option. The reader is tempted to assume that the ranking of the different methods for hedging any kind of option remains the same as that for a vanilla call. The …
Transaction Costs and Returns to a Trading Strategy
2017
This chapter starts with a review of transaction costs in capital markets. Then it demonstrates how to simulate the returns to a moving average trading strategy in the presence of transaction costs. The following two cases are considered when a trading indicator generates a sell signal: case one where the trader switches to cash, and case two where the trader alternatively sells short a financial asset.
THE DURATION OF FIRM-DESTINATION EXPORT RELATIONSHIPS: EVIDENCE FROM SPAIN, 1997-2006
2012
I. INTRODUCTION The traditional trade literature that investigates aggregate trade flows emphasizes the sizeable increase in trade relationships since World War II and the remarkable persistence of trade flows. However, recent microlevel studies point out that under the stable aggregate trade flows there is a rich dynamics at firm- and/or product-level with a high turnover. In fact, international-market presence is often a transitory and an uncommon phenomenon. At any period, only a small percentage of home-based firms participate in trade and exporting firms are different from non-exporters (larger, more productive, etc.). Moreover, there is much persistence in exporting status; being an e…
Political risk and export promotion: evidence from Germany
2008
Political risk represents an important hidden transaction cost that reduces international trade. This paper investigates the claim that German public export credit guarantees (Hermes guarantees) mitigate this friction to trade flows and hence promote exports. We employ an empirical trade gravity model, where we explicitly control for political risk in the importing country in order to evaluate the effect of export guarantees. The idea behind export promotion through public export credit agencies (ECAs) is that the private market is unable to provide adequate insurance for all risks associated with exports. As a consequence, firms' export activities are limited in the absence of insurance pr…
Attitudes towards the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership in the European Union: The treaty partner heuristic and issue attention
2018
Why has the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partisanship met with strong public resistance among some Europeans and in some European Union member states, but not in others? This article argues that one important perspective to explain the pattern of support for TTIP is the role of heuristic opinion formation and issue attention. Analysing multiple waves of Eurobarometer data, I find that views of the two treaty partners, the US and the European Union, shape attitudes towards TTIP and that the largely post-materialist concerns over TTIP resonated specifically in those European countries whose citizens’ attention was less focused on economic issues. In showing how opinions towards concret…
Los tráficos ilícitos en el Mediterráneo y las organizaciones poli-criminales transnacionales
2021
After a general overview on the movements in the Mediterranean between yesterday and today, the contribution underlines the emergence of poly-criminal organizations in this area. On the basis of the consideration of the different types of criminals organisations operating in the Mediterranean, reference is made to the results of a related research on five penal systems (Italy, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Greek).. El estudio abordado hace referencia a la presencia en el Mediterráneo de los tráficos ilícitos, y sobre el papel protagonista que en estos componentes ocultos de la movilidad y de la globalización juegan las organizaciones criminales transnacionales. Estos dos aspectos se enfrentan a…
New Perspectives and Challenges in Traffic and Transportation Engineering Supporting Energy Saving in Smart Cities—A Multidisciplinary Approach to a …
2022
Transportation, like other spheres of human activity, is constantly changing due to economic development. People are constantly improving the ways of moving using various energy sources, expanding infrastructures, and adapting cities to increasing traffic volumes. An efficient, modern, and demand-driven transportation infrastructure is the strength of a growing economy. The development of transportation improves the accessibility of regions and labor markets and reduces the nuisance caused by congestion. All these elements translate into economic benefits, competitiveness, increased productivity of enterprises and regions, as well as social benefits. However, transport consumes enormous ene…