Search results for "TRANSMISSION"
showing 10 items of 2080 documents
Le médicament homéopathique dans l'histoire du médicament, Co construction, confrontation, coopération. Histoire, Transmission, Représentation
2007
The dynamics of this thesis resides in the search for the breach between the historical positioning (in relation to scientific fact itself) of homeopathic medication in the history of medical sciences, and the representation made of it in the past and present. By distinguishing what may be at stake, we are led to identify the positioning and impact of the mode of transmitting scientific fact as lacking a historical link to the history of medical sciences, notably medication. Our research hypothesis thus postulates that the transmission mode is at the source of discrepancies in representation. The links between context breakthroughs, such as the role of influences, are just parameters that, …
On the effects of transmit power control on the energy consumption of WiFi network cards
2009
Transmit power control has been largely proposed as a solution to improve the performance of packet radio systems in terms of increased throughput, spatial reuse and battery lifetime for mobile terminals. However, the benefits of transmit power control schemes on these different performance figures may strongly depend on the employed PHY technology and channel access mechanism. In this paper, we focus on the effects of power control on the energy consumption of WiFi network cards. By means of several experimental tests carried out under different operation conditions and modulation schemes, we try to justify why the reduction of the transmission power has a marginal effect on the overall en…
Experimental Evolution Reveals a Genetic Basis for Membrane-Associated Virus Release
2021
Many animal viruses replicate and are released from cells in close association to membranes. However, whether this is a passive process or is controlled by the virus remains poorly understood. Importantly, the genetic basis and evolvability of membrane-associated viral shedding have not been investigated. To address this, we performed a directed evolution experiment using coxsackievirus B3, a model enterovirus, in which we repeatedly selected the free-virion or the fast-sedimenting membrane-associated viral subpopulations. The virus responded to this selection regime by reproducibly fixing a series of mutations that altered the extent of membrane-associated viral shedding, as revealed by fu…
Medical masks and Respirators for the Protection of Healthcare Workers from SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses
2020
The use of medical masks and respirators as personal protective equipment is pivotal to reducing the level of biological hazard to which healthcare workers are exposed during the outbreak of highly diffusible pathogens, such as the recent novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Unfortunately, during this pandemic, supplies are rapidly running out worldwide, with potential consequences for the rate of occupational infections. Also, knowledge about specific characteristics of respirators is of utmost importance to select the proper type according to the clinical setting. A wide variety of literature is available on the topic, but mostly based on Influenza viruses infection models. Clinical evidence on …
Occlusion-derived baculovirus: interaction with human cells and evaluation of the envelope protein P74 as a surface display platform.
2008
To develop complementary baculovirus-based tools for gene delivery and display technologies, the interaction of occlusion-derived baculovirus (ODV) with human cells, and the functionality of the P74 ODV envelope protein for display of the IgG-binding Z domains (ZZP74) were evaluated. The cellular binding of ODV was concentration-dependent and saturable. Only minority of the bound virions were internalized at both 37 and 4 degrees C, suggesting usage of direct membrane fusion as the entry mode. The intracellular transport of ODV was confined in vesicular structures peripheral to the plasma membrane, impeding subsequent nuclear entry and transgene expression. Transduction of ODV was not rescu…
Why viruses sometimes disperse in groups?
2019
AbstractMany organisms disperse in groups, yet this process is understudied in viruses. Recent work, however, has uncovered different types of collective infectious units, all of which lead to the joint delivery of multiple viral genome copies to target cells, favoring co-infections. Collective spread of viruses can occur through widely different mechanisms, including virion aggregation driven by specific extracellular components, cloaking inside lipid vesicles, encasement in protein matrices, or binding to cell surfaces. Cell-to-cell viral spread, which allows the transmission of individual virions in a confined environment, is yet another mode of clustered virus dissemination. Nevertheles…
IEEE Access Special Section Editorial: Exploiting the Benefits of Interference in Wireless Networks: Energy Harvesting and Security
2018
Interference used to be viewed as a harmful factor in wireless networks, which can reduce the quality of information transmission. To combat against interference, many interference management techniques have emerged. Due to the latest research advances, interference (or noise) can also be exploited to offer some benefits to wireless networks. The first aspect is that interference in multi-user networks can be collected as a green power supply for the transceivers, known as wireless energy harvesting. Another application is that one can generate artificial noise to disrupt the adversarial eavesdropping, and guarantee the security of wireless networks. Therefore, conventional interference man…
Energy Efficient Optimization for Wireless Virtualized Small Cell Networks With Large-Scale Multiple Antenna
2017
Wireless network virtualization is envisioned as a promising framework to provide efficient and customized services for next-generation wireless networks. In wireless virtualized networks (WVNs), limited radio resources are shared among different services providers for providing services to different users with heterogeneous demands. In this paper, we propose a resource allocation scheme for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based WVN, where one small cell base station equipped with a large number of antennas serves the users with different service requirements. In particular, with the objective to obtain the energy efficiency in the uplink, a joint power, subcarrier, and antenn…
Phosphorus limitation enhances parasite impact: feedback effects at the population level
2014
Background Nutrient deficiency affects the growth and population dynamics of consumers. Endoparasites can be seen as consumers that drain carbon (C) or energy from their host while simultaneously competing for limiting resources such as phosphorus (P). Depending on the relative demands of the host and the parasite for the limiting nutrient, intensified resource competition under nutrient limitation can either reduce the parasite’s effect on the host or further reduce the fitness of the nutrient-limited host. So far, knowledge of how nutrient limitation affects parasite performance at the host population level and how this affects the host populations is limited. Results We followed the popu…
L’économie de la santé : inégalités, prévention et offre de soins
2010
À partir d’une sélection des communications présentées lors des 31e Journées des économistes de la santé français à Rennes en décembre 2009, ce numéro spécial, coordonné par le Collège des Économistes de la Santé, présente des travaux originaux en économie de la santé. Comme à l’accoutumée, la revue Économie Publique - Public économies propose trois rubriques (« Panorama », « Dossier » et « Recherches »). Alain Trannoy (Ehess, Greqam-Idep) offre au lecteur tout d’abord un véritable « panorama...