Search results for "TUBERCULOSIS"

showing 10 items of 303 documents

Gene expression models based on a reference laboratory strain are bad predictors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex transcriptional diversity

2016

ABSTRACTSpecies of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) kill more people every year than any other infectious disease. As a consequence of its global distribution and parallel evolution with the human host the bacteria is not genetically homogeneous. The observed genetic heterogeneity has relevance at different phenotypic levels, from gene expression to epidemiological dynamics. However current systems biology datasets have focused in the laboratory reference strain H37Rv. By using large expression datasets testing the role of almost two hundred transcription factors, we have constructed computational models to grab the expression dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv genes.…

Genetics0303 health sciencesGenetic diversityGenetic heterogeneitySystems biologyBiologybiology.organism_classificationPhenotype3. Good health03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMycobacterium tuberculosis complexInfectious disease (medical specialty)Gene expressionGene030217 neurology & neurosurgery030304 developmental biology
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Mycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex lineage 5 exhibits high levels of within-lineage genomic diversity and differing gene content compared to the type …

2020

AbstractPathogens of theMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTBC) are considered monomorphic, with little gene content variation between strains. Nevertheless, several genotypic and phenotypic factors separate the different MTBC lineages (L), especially L5 and L6 (traditionally termedMycobacterium africanum), from each other. However, genome variability and gene content especially of L5 and L6 strains have not been fully explored and may be potentially important for pathobiology and current approaches for genomic analysis of MTBC isolates, including transmission studies.We compared the genomes of 358 L5 clinical isolates (including 3 completed genomes and 355 Illumina WGS (whole genome seque…

Genetics0303 health sciencesLineage (genetic)030306 microbiologySequence assemblySingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologybiology.organism_classificationGenome3. Good health03 medical and health sciencesMycobacterium tuberculosis complexGeneMycobacterium africanum030304 developmental biologyReference genome
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Genotype frequencies of the +874T→A single nucleotide polymorphism in the first intron of the interferon-γ gene in a sample of Sicilian patients affe…

2002

In the light of the key role played by interferon (IFN)-gamma in the control of tuberculosis, in the present paper we have evaluated the distribution of the functional +874T --> A IFN-gamma single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in Sicilian patients affected by tuberculosis. Our aim was to determine whether there is an association between the TT genotype, which has been suggested to be linked to an increased production of IFN-gamma, and resistance to chronic tuberculosis. DNA samples were obtained from 45 patients and 97 healthy controls. Polymorphism at +874 was identified using amplification refractory mutational system methodology. The +874T SNP was less frequent in patients than in contro…

GeneticsTuberculosisImmunologyIntronSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologymedicine.diseaseGenotype frequencyPolymorphism (computer science)GenotypeGeneticsmedicineSNPGeneEuropean Journal of Immunogenetics
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Tuberkulose 2019 – eine Herausforderung auch für die Radiologie

2019

Gynecologymedicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisCross-sectional studybusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)Disease progressionmedicineMEDLINERadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingbusinessmedicine.diseaseRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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Organ-specificity and diagnostic value of cell-mediated immunity against a liver-specific membrane protein: Studies in hepatic and non-hepatic diseas…

1975

In chronic active hepatitis (CAH, n=58) 70% of the HBsAg negative and 48% of the HBsAg positive cases showed a CMI against human liver specific proteins (HLPI). Using HBsAg as antigen only 12% of the HBsAg negative and 24% of the HBsAg positive cases gave a CMI response. On the basis of HBsAg and autoantibodies in the serum CAH patients could be divided into 4 subgroups. A close correlation between CMI against HLPI, sex, ANA and HL-A-8 could be detected. In a follow-up study of patients with acute virus B hepatitis (n=62) CMI against HBsAg was detected in 60% of the cases in the acute phase of the disease but in 15% only 3-6 months after the onset of the illness (n=40). In patients who deve…

HBsAgTuberculinBiologyAntibodiesVirusHepatitisAntigen-Antibody ReactionsHepatitis B AntigensSex FactorsAntigenAntibody SpecificityImmunityNeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryDiabetes MellitusLeukocytesmedicineHumansTuberculosisGenetics (clinical)AutoantibodiesHepatitisImmunity CellularLiver DiseasesAutoantibodyMuscle SmoothGeneral MedicineHepatitis Amedicine.diseaseVirus DiseasesAntibodies AntinuclearCell Migration InhibitionChronic DiseaseImmunologyMolecular MedicineOrgan SpecificityKlinische Wochenschrift
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Herbalists, traditional healers and pharmacists: a view of the tuberculosis in Ghana

2014

This paper is the result of a visit by Brazilian researchers to Ghana, with the aim of improving understanding of the relationship between traditional healers and conventional health practices, specifically in relation to tuberculosis. Through this exploratory visit, this group of researchers promoted by the Edital Pro Africa (CNPq) had an opportunity to learn about, reflect on, and discuss the different social, economic and cultural realities and contexts that have led to the different health conditions and forms of healthcare in Ghana. Besides the direct relationship between the social and economic conditions of the country and the health of its population, it was also concluded that ther…

Healersmedicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisDistancingPopulationAlternative medicineHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)lcsh:RS1-441medicine.disease_causeGhanalcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all)Health caremedicineTuberculosisGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticseducationHerbalistseducation.field_of_studyTraditional medicinebusiness.industryWestern medicineTraditional medicinePublic relationsmedicine.diseasebusinessDeveloped countryWestern medicine
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An overview of the role of T cells in controlling tuberculosis infection in a pediatric population

2015

The most significant immunological studies of tuberculosis (TB) infection have involved adult patients. Few studies about the immune repertoire have been conducted in children. The purpose of this paper is to focus on cellular immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis by reviewing our studies conducted on children with different forms of TB infection between 1998 and 2006. Although the gold standard of TB diagnosis remains isolation of TB bacillus that also allows estimation of pattern of resistance of M. tuberculosis, the study of immune response can be useful for the early diagnosis and therapeutic follow-up of pediatric TB.

Immune repertoireTB bacillusTuberculosisbiologyAdult patientsIsolation (health care)business.industrybiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseMycobacterium tuberculosisInfectious DiseasesImmune systemPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthImmunologymedicineImmune response tuberculosis childrenbusinessPediatric population
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Impact of MHC class I alleles on the M. tuberculosis antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell response in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

2007

Challenged by scattered understanding of protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), we have mapped peptide epitopes to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0101, A*0201, A*1101, A*2402, B*0702, B*0801 and B*1501 of the secreted mycobacterial antigen Ag85B, a vaccine candidate that may be associated with immune protection. Affinity (ED(50)) and half-life (t(1/2), off-rate) analysis for individual peptide species on HLA-A and HLA-B molecules revealed binding ranges between 10(-3) and 10(-7) M. After selection of the best matches, major histocompatibility complex class I/peptide tetramer complexes were constructed to measure the CD8+ T-cell responses directly ex vivo in peripheral blo…

ImmunologyGenes MHC Class IPeptide bindingHuman leukocyte antigenCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesMajor histocompatibility complexEpitopeMycobacterium tuberculosisMHC class IGeneticsHumansCytotoxic T cellTuberculosis PulmonaryAllelesCells CulturedGenetics (clinical)HLA-A AntigensbiologyMycobacterium tuberculosisFlow Cytometrybiology.organism_classificationVirologyMolecular biologyHLA-B Antigensbiology.proteinEpitope MappingCD8Genes & Immunity
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In vitro evaluation of poloxamer in situ forming gels for bedaquiline fumarate salt and pharmacokinetics following intramuscular injection in rats

2019

Graphical abstract

In situPO Propylene oxideIV IntravenousP338 Poloxamer 338lcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundn Sample sizeSD Standard deviationIM Intramuscularchemistry.chemical_classificationC0 Analyte plasma concentration at time zeroDoE Design of experimentsUV UltravioletPharmacology. TherapyK2.EDTA Potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acidLC–MS/MS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryH&E Hematoxylin and eosintmax Sampling time to reach the maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIn situ forming gelsCMC Critical micellar concentrationCmax Maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIntramuscular injectionDN Dose normalizedGPT Gel point temperaturePLGA Poly-(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid)TFA Trifluoroacetic acidCAN AcetonitrileATP Adenosine 5′ triphosphateSalt (chemistry)Polyethylene glycolPoloxamerArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaPharmacokineticsIn vivoUHPLC Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyPharmacokineticsAUClast Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable (non-below quantification level) concentrationEO Ethylene oxideNMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidoneComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSAUC∞ Area under the analyte concentration vs time curve from time zero to infinite timeP407 Poloxamer 407In vitro releasePoloxamerCMT Critical micellar temperatureGel erosionIn vitrot1/2 Apparent terminal elimination half-lifechemistryMDR-TB Multi-drug resistant tuberculosisAUC80h Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to 80 htlast Sampling time until the last measurable (non-below quantification level) analyte plasma concentrationMRM Multiple reaction monitoringNuclear chemistrySustained releaseInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics: X
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Tuberculosis evolution and climate change: How much work is ahead?

2019

Infectious DiseasesGeographyTuberculosistuberculosisSettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveWork (electrical)Insect ScienceVeterinary (miscellaneous)medicineRegional scienceClimate changeParasitologymedicine.diseaseActa tropica
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