Search results for "TUMOR CELLS"
showing 10 items of 663 documents
PI3K-driven HER2 expression is a potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer stem cells
2020
ObjectiveCancer stem cells are responsible for tumour spreading and relapse. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is a negative prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) and a potential target in tumours carrying the gene amplification. Our aim was to define the expression of HER2 in colorectal cancer stem cells (CR-CSCs) and its possible role as therapeutic target in CRC resistant to anti- epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy.DesignA collection of primary sphere cell cultures obtained from 60 CRC specimens was used to generate CR-CSC mouse avatars to preclinically validate therapeutic options. We also made use of the ChIP-seq analysis for transcriptional…
Competing species system as a qualitative model of radiation therapy
2016
To examine complex features of tumor dynamics we analyze a competing-species lattice model that takes into account the competition for nutrients or space as well as interaction with therapeutic factors such as drugs or radiation. Our model might be interpreted as a certain prey–predator system having three trophic layers: (i) the basal species that might be interpreted as nutrients; (ii) normal and tumor cells that consume nutrients, and (iii) therapeutic factors that might kill either nutrient, normal or tumor cells. Using a wide spectrum of parameters we examined survival of our species and tried to identify the corresponding dynamical regimes. It was found that the radiotherapy influence…
Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer are recapitulated in in vitro and in vivo models
2018
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous disease both from a molecular and clinical perspective. Several distinct molecular entities, such as microsatellite instability (MSI), have been defined that make up biologically distinct subgroups with their own clinical course. Recent data indicated that CRC can be best segregated into four groups called consensus molecular subtypes (CMS1-4), each of which has a unique biology and gene expression pattern. In order to develop improved, subtype-specific therapies and to gain insight into the molecular wiring and origin of these subtypes, reliable models are needed. This study was designed to determine the heterogeneity and identify the prese…
Combined Analysis of Antigen Presentation and T-cell Recognition Reveals Restricted Immune Responses in Melanoma.
2018
Abstract The quest for tumor-associated antigens (TAA) and neoantigens is a major focus of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we combine a neoantigen prediction pipeline and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) peptidomics to identify TAAs and neoantigens in 16 tumors derived from seven patients with melanoma and characterize their interactions with their tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Our investigation of the antigenic and T-cell landscapes encompassing the TAA and neoantigen signatures, their immune reactivity, and their corresponding T-cell identities provides the first comprehensive analysis of cancer cell T-cell cosignatures, allowing us to discover remarkable antigenic and TIL similarities b…
Phenolic Compounds in Extra Virgin Olive Oil Stimulate Human Osteoblastic Cell Proliferation.
2016
In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of phenolic compounds and extracts from different extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) varieties obtained from fruits of different ripening stages on osteoblast cells (MG-63) proliferation. Cell proliferation was increased by hydroxytyrosol, luteolin, apigenin, p-coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acids by approximately 11-16%, as compared with controls that were treated with one vehicle alone, while (+)-pinoresinol, oleuropein, sinapic, vanillic acid and derivative (vanillin) did not affect cell proliferation. All phenolic extracts stimulated MG-63 cell growth, and they induced higher cell proliferation rates than individual compounds. The most effective…
Biological Effect of a Hybrid Anticancer Agent Based on Kinase and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on Triple-Negative (MDA-MB231) Breast Cancer Cells
2016
We examined the effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) suberoylanilide\ud hydroxamic acid (SAHA) combined with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/2 inhibitor\ud (3Z)-5-hydroxy-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-one on MDA-MB-231 breast\ud cancer cells (triple-negative) in the form of both a cocktail of the separate compounds and a chemically\ud synthesized hybrid (N-hydroxy-N'-[(3Z)-2-oxo-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-\ud 5-yl]octanediamide). Comparative flow cytometric and Western blot analyses were performed on\ud cocktail- and hybrid-treated cells to evaluate cell cycle distribution, autophagy/apoptosis modulation,\ud an…
Effect of Buthionine Sulfoximine on the Sensitivity to Doxorubicin of Parent and MDR Tumor Cell Lines
1994
We have studied the interaction of glutathione-depleting concentrations of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) with the anti-proliferative activity of doxorubicin (DXR) in three tumor lines, the mouse B16 melanoma. Friend erythroleukemia and the human K562 leukemia, both as DXR-sensitive and-resistant (with typical multidrug resistance) variants. BSO significantly enhanced the DXR effects in the wild-type Friend and K562 leukemias, and especially in the drug-resistant subline of Friend leukemia. BSO did not modify DXR accumulation and retention in the latter clone. Moreover, neither BSO nor verapamil used alone completely reversed the resistance to DXR of this cell line; their combination was more…
MiR-24 induces chemotherapy resistance and hypoxic advantage in breast cancer
2017
// Giuseppina Roscigno 1, 2, * , Ilaria Puoti 1, 2, * , Immacolata Giordano 1 , Elvira Donnarumma 3 , Valentina Russo 1 , Alessandra Affinito 1 , Assunta Adamo 1 , Cristina Quintavalle 1, 2 , Matilde Todaro 4 , Maria dM Vivanco 5 , Gerolama Condorelli 1, 2 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy 2 IEOS, CNR, Naples, Italy 3 IRCCS-SDN, Naples, Italy 4 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy 5 CIC bioGUNE, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, Derio, Spain * These authors have contributed equally to the paper as first authors Correspondence to: Gerolama Condore…
Bioinformatic methods for cancer neoantigen prediction
2019
Tumor cells accumulate aberrations not present in normal cells, leading to presentation of neoantigens on MHC molecules on their surface. These non-self neoantigens distinguish tumor cells from normal cells to the immune system and are thus targets for cancer immunotherapy. The rapid development of molecular profiling platforms, such as next-generation sequencing, has enabled the generation of large datasets characterizing tumor cells. The simultaneous development of algorithms has enabled rapid and accurate processing of these data. Bioinformatic software tools encoding the algorithms can be strung together in a workflow to identify neoantigens. Here, with a focus on high-throughput sequen…
Prospecting for cytotoxic and antiprotozoal 4-aryl-4H-chromenes and 10-aryldihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromenes.
2018
Different studies reported that genetic predisposition or metabolic dysfunction are the risk factors for cancer. Infectious parasitic diseases were listed among factors that predispose to cancer. Because of the resemblance between the life cycle of cancer cells and some parasites, this study aimed to prepare pyran derivatives with cytotoxic and antiprotozoal potencies. Therefore, 7 chromenes, 10 pyranocoumarins, and an unexpected intermediate were obtained from a multi-reagent one-pot reaction. These compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity on sensitive and resistant leukemia cancer cells lines and against two protozoan parasites, namely Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis a…