Search results for "Talsi"

Determination of trace elements in gluten-free food for celiac people by ICP-MS

2014

Abstract This paper is the first analytical approach to the study of twenty heavy metals in the gluten-free foods for celiac people. Only the ICP-MS technique was used. One of the advantages about the use of ICP-MS for this characterization is the high sensitivity that improved the limits of quantification levels for some elements that are present at low quantities in some samples. The concentration values of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V and Zn in seventeen gluten-free food samples are reported. The highest arsenic and molybdenum levels were measured in Rice noodle from China (0.088 and 0.47 mg kg − 1 , respectively). The highest concentrations of some metal…

Verlaufskontrolle des Morbus Crohn: Kann die Hydro-MRT die fraktionierte Magen-Darm-Passage ersetzen?

1997

PURPOSE: To compare the value of hydro-MRI with follow-through examinations in the follow-up of Crohn's disease. METHOD: 22 patients known to be suffering from Crohn's disease were examined via 1.5 T-MR system; an oral contrast examination using 1000 ml of a 2.5% mannitol solution was performed in all patients. T2-weighted TSE sequences and T1-weighted SE sequences were performed before and after the intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA. To reduce movement artifacts caused by peristalsis of the gut, intravenous injection of 40 mg Buscopan was given. The findings of hydro-MRI were compared with the follow-through examinations. RESULTS: In the upper gastrointestinal tract, the follow-through exam…

"In medio stat virtus": Concentration-dependent effects of GABA on colonic motor patterns in mice

2013

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In the enteric nervous system, GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) has been shown to modulate neuronal activity via activation of different GABAergic receptors. The consequences of this modulation remain poorly understood and depend on the region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or on the animal species examined. Although several studies have been addressed the role of GABA as neuromodulator in the upper part of GI tract, accumulating data suggest that it may play a key role also in GI distal tract function in health and disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of GABA in both spontaneous and electrically-evoked contractions and in the perista…

GABA & “LITTLE BRAIN”: RUOLO EMERGENTE NEL CONTROLLO DELLA MOTILITÀ INTESTINALE

2013

L’acido gamma-ammino butirrico (GABA) è ampiamente riconosciuto come principale neurotrasmettitore inibitore nel sistema nervoso centrale dei mammiferi. Tuttavia numerose evidenze sperimentali suggeriscono una sua azione anche a livello del sistema nervoso enterico (o “little brain”), sezione del sistema nervoso periferico deputata al controllo della funzionalità del tratto gastrointestinale (GI). Dal momento che, ad oggi, gli effetti del GABA rimangono ancora non chiari e sembrerebbero dipendere dalla porzione del tratto GI considerata o dal modello animale esaminato, lo scopo di questo lavoro è stato quello di studiare l’effetto del GABA sulla contrattilità della muscolatura circolare del…

2018

Intestinal electrical stimulation via implants is already used to treat several disorders like constipation or incontinence. Stimulation parameters are most often empiric and not based on systematic studies. One prerequisite to evaluate effects of intestinal electrical stimulation is a direct assessment of intestinal motility. Some common methods are strain gauge transducers or manometry. With both the methods, it is not possible to record the exact 3-D movement. Therefore, we established a new method to record gastrointestinal motility with ultraminiaturized accelerometers, directly glued to the outer surface of the stomach, small intestine, and colon. With this technique, we were able to …

Spasmolytic Effects of Aphanizomenon Flos Aquae (AFA) Extract on the Human Colon Contractility.

2021

The blue-green algae Aphanizomenon flos aquae (AFA), rich in beneficial nutrients, exerts various beneficial effects, acting in different organs including the gut. Klamin® is an AFA extract particularly rich in β-PEA, a trace-amine considered a neuromodulator in the central nervous system. To date, it is not clear if β-PEA exerts a role in the enteric nervous system. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects induced by Klamin® on the human distal colon mechanical activity, to analyze the mechanism of action, and to verify a β-PEA involvement. The organ bath technique, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used. Klamin® reduced, in a concentration-dependent manner, …

Temperature-dependent effects of increased intraluminal pressure on serotonin release from the vascularly perfused guinea pig ileum

1987

Isolated segments of the guinea pig ileum were vascularly perfused and the release of endogenous serotonin into the portal effluent was measured. Peristalsis was induced by raising the intraluminal hydrostatic pressure by 500 Pa for 5 min. Serotonin release increased during peristalsis induced by fluid of 37 degrees C, but decreased when the temperature of the intraluminal fluid was between 13 degrees C and 22 degrees C. In the presence of naloxone (0.3 mumol/l) raising the intraluminal pressure with fluid of 37 degrees C caused an inhibition of the serotonin release which was blocked by scopolamine (0.1 mumol/l). Naloxone did not affect the inhibition of serotonin release during peristalsi…

Evaluation of esophageal motility and reflux in children treated for esophageal atresia with the use of combined multichannel intraluminal impedance …

2011

Abstract Background Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and dysmotility are frequent in patients treated for esophageal atresia (EA). This aim of this study is to evaluate GER and dysmotility in young EA patients using pH–multichannel intraluminal impedance (pH-MII). Methods Fifteen patients with a mean age of 7.5 years (group 1) have been studied and compared with 15 children without congenital malformation, submitted to pH-MII for suspected GER (group 2). These latter patients serve as a control group of healthy subjects. The following impedance reflux and motility parameters have been studied on 10 standardized swallows: number of reflux episodes, mean acid clearing time, median bolus clearing…

Enhancement of guinea-pig intestinal peristalsis by blockade of muscarinic M1-receptors

1988

1. The effects of pirenzepine and hyoscine on the peristaltic reflex were investigated in the guinea-pig isolated small intestine. Peristalsis was induced by raising the intraluminal pressure and the volume of fluid propelled was taken as a measure of the efficiency of peristaltic activity. 2. Low concentrations of pirenzepine (0.1-1 nM) and of hyoscine (0.01 nM) significantly enhanced peristalsis, whereas larger concentrations of both drugs caused inhibition. Pirenzepine was about 6 times less potent than hyoscine in increasing peristalsis, but was about 100 times less potent in inhibiting it. 3. Neither tolazoline (1 microM) nor naloxone (0.3 microM) affected the stimulatory action of pir…

Opposite role played by GABAA and GABAB receptors in the modulation of peristaltic activity in mouse distal colon.

2014

We investigated the role of GABA on intestinal motility using as model the murine distal colon. Effects induced by GABA receptors recruitment were examined in whole colonic segments and isolated circular muscle preparations to analyze their influence on peristaltic reflex and on spontaneous and neurally-evoked contractions. Using a modified Trendelenburg set-up, rhythmic peristaltic contractions were evoked by gradual distension of the colonic segments. Spontaneous and neurally-evoked mechanical activity of circular muscle strips were recorded in vitro as changes in isometric tension. GABA, at low concentrations (10-50 µM), potentiated peristaltic activity and the neural cholinergic contrac…