Search results for "Targeted therapy"
showing 10 items of 297 documents
NF-κB and Disease
2020
The role of NF-κB in all diseases characterized by an inflammatory process, from cancer to autoimmune diseases, is known, but—precisely because it is involved in many diseases—this transcriptional factor continues to attract scientific research and the new knowledge that emerges is fundamental in highlighting the therapeutic potential that this factor can have in the various diseases in which it is involved [...]
Inhibition of GLI2 with antisense-oligonucleotides: A potential therapy for the treatment of bladder cancer.
2019
The sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway plays an integral role in the maintenance and progression of bladder cancer (BCa) and SHH inhibition may be an efficacious strategy for BCa treatment. We assessed an in-house human BCa tissue microarray and found that the SHH transcription factors, GLI1 and GLI2, were increased in disease progression. A panel of BCa cell lines show that two invasive lines, UM-UC-3 and 253J-BV, both express these transcription factors but UM-UC-3 produces more SHH ligand and is less responsive in viability to pathway stimulation by recombinant human SHH or smoothened agonist, and less responsive to inhibitors including the smoothened inhibitors cyclopamine and SANT-…
MicroRNA and receptor mediated signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets in heart failure.
2016
Cardiac remodelling is a complex pathogenetic pathway involving genome expression, molecular, cellular, and interstitial changes that cause changes in size, shape and function of the heart after cardiac injury. Areas covered: We will review recent advances in understanding the role of several receptor-mediated signaling pathways and micro-RNAs, in addition to their potential as candidate target pathways in the pathogenesis of heart failure. The myocyte is the main target cell involved in the remodelling process via ischemia, cell necrosis and apoptosis (by means of various receptor pathways), and other mechanisms mediated by micro-RNAs. We will analyze the role of some receptor mediated sig…
Characterization of zolbetuximab in pancreatic cancer models
2018
ABSTRACT In healthy tissue, the tight junction protein Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is present only in the gastric mucosa. Upon malignant transformation of gastric epithelial tissue, perturbations in cell polarity lead to cell surface exposure of CLDN18.2 epitopes. Moreover, CLDN18.2 is aberrantly expressed in malignancies of several other organs, such as pancreatic cancer (PC). A monoclonal antibody, zolbetuximab (formerly known as IMAB362), has been generated against CLDN18.2. In a phase 2 clinical trial (FAST: NCT01630083), zolbetuximab in conjunction with chemotherapy prolonged overall and progression-free survival over chemotherapy alone and improved quality of life. In this study, the mech…
IL-17 for therapy.
2017
The cytokine IL-17 is now a target for an array of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies supposed to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases. The forerunner Secukinumab, an IL-17A neutralizing antibody, is meanwhile approved as first-line treatments for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, and as second-line treatment for psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Ixekizumab and Brodalumab, both also targeting the IL-17 pathway, were also recently approved by the FDA for plaque psoriasis. Using mice overexpressing IL-17A in a tissue of choice, we showed that the ectopic expression of this cytokine in keratinocytes resulted in a spontaneous and very strong form of psoriasis-like dermatitis…
Protein kinase inhibitor-based cancer therapies: Considering the potential of nitric oxide (NO) to improve cancer treatment.
2020
The deregulation of a wide variety of protein kinases is associated with cancer cell initiation and tumor progression. Owing to their indispensable function in signaling pathways driving malignant cell features, protein kinases constitute major therapeutic targets in cancer. Over the past two decades, intense efforts in drug development have been dedicated to this field. The development of protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) have been a real breakthrough in targeted cancer therapy. Despite obvious successes across patients with different types of cancer, the development of PKI resistance still prevails. Combination therapies are part of a comprehensive approach to address the problem of drug r…
Interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis: current and future treatment.
2017
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) has the highest fatality rate among connective tissue diseases and is characterized by vascular damage, inflammation and fibrosis of the skin and various internal organs. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) frequently complicates SSc and can be a debilitating disorder with a poor prognosis. ILD is the most frequent cause of death in SSc, and the management of SScâILD patients is a great challenge. Early detection of pulmonary involvement based on a recent decline of lung function tests and on the extent of lung involvement at high-resolution computed tomography is critical for the best management of these patients. This article summarizes classification, pathogenesis,…
Olaratumab: PDGFR-α inhibition as a novel tool in the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas
2017
Advanced soft tissue sarcomas are aggressive cancers with limited therapeutic options. Recently, inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-α by the monoclonal antibody olaratumab showed promising clinical activity. If confirmed, this would be one of the first examples of targeted therapy effective in advanced soft tissue sarcomas therapy independently of the histologic subtype. Here, we reviewed the biology of the PDGF/PDGFR axis, particularly focusing on its role in cancer, and then we discussed on the effects of PDGFR-α inhibition in the therapy of advanced soft tissue sarcomas.
Body Mass Index in Patients Treated with Cabozantinib for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A New Prognostic Factor?
2021
We analyzed the clinical and pathological features of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients treated with cabozantinib stratified by body mass index (BMI). We retrospectively collected data from 16 worldwide centers involved in the treatment of RCC. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using Kaplan&ndash
Roles of NGAL and MMP-9 in the tumor microenvironment and sensitivity to targeted therapy.
2016
Various, diverse molecules contribute to the tumor microenvironment and influence invasion and metastasis. In this review, the roles of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the tumor microenvironment and sensitivity to therapy will be discussed. The lipocalin family of proteins has many important functions. For example when NGAL forms a complex with MMP-9 it increases its stability which is important in cancer metastasis. Small hydrophobic molecules are bound by NGAL which can alter their entry into and efflux from cells. Iron transport and storage are also influenced by NGAL activity. Regulation of iron levels is important for survival…