Search results for "Tears"

Tears as a source of biomarkers for ocular and systemic diseases

2013

The main focus in clinical proteomics is the discovery of new protein or peptide biomarkers which are correlated with a certain disease. Tear proteins have been investigated extensively in the past and distinct relations between the levels of certain tear proteins to different disorders have been demonstrated. In this review we attempt to summarize proteomic technologies for biomarker identification in tears and some disease related biomarkers in tear fluids that were discovered through different proteomic techniques in different conditions like dry eye, Sjogren's syndrome, contact lens wearers, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy or cancer. Proteomic analysis of tear fluid has proven to be a pr…

Tears evoke the intention to offer social support: A systematic investigation of the interpersonal effects of emotional crying across 41 countries

2021

Tearful crying is a ubiquitous and likely uniquely human phenomenon. Scholars have argued that emotional tears serve an attachment function: Tears are thought to act as a social glue by evoking social support intentions. Initial experimental studies supported this proposition across several methodologies, but these were conducted almost exclusively on participants from North America and Europe, resulting in limited generalizability. This project examined the tears-social support intentions effect and possible mediating and moderating variables in a fully pre-registered study across 7007 participants (24,886 ratings) and 41 countries spanning all populated continents. Participants were prese…

Improvement of dry eye symptoms with polyunsaturated fatty acids

2006

International audience; Purpose: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are involved in inflammatory pathways via prostaglandins. Conjunctival inflammation is a hallmark of all dry eye syndromes. We investigated the role of dietary n–6 and n–3 fatty acids in patients suffering from ocular dryness with peculiar attention to inflammatory markers. Methods: 70 patients presenting with mild to moderate dry eye syndromes were randomly assigned to Nutrilarm® or placebo pills, thrice a day for 6 months. Schirmer test, BUT, fluorescein and lissamin green stainings were performed at inclusion and after 1, 3 and 6 months. Impression cytology to evaluate MHCII antigens was harvested at D0, Month 3 and 6. T…

Vale of Tears: The Dangerous Health Effects of Tear Gas Used in the Hong Kong Pro-Democracy Movement

2020

Presbyopia and the aging eye: Existing refractive approaches and their potential impact on dry eye signs and symptoms.

2020

Every part of the human body is subject to aging, including the eye. Increased prevalence of dry eye disease with age is widely acknowledged: aging threatens ocular surface homeostasis, altering the normal functioning of the lacrimal functional unit and potentially leading to signs and symptoms of dry eye. Parallelly, two additional degenerative processes take place within the crystalline lens, leading to presbyopia and cataractogenesis. With continuously increasing life expectancies both conditions are expected to impact society further. Correction strategies for presbyopia and cataracts either directly or indirectly challenge ocular surface additionally. On one hand, contact lens presbyop…

How Our Gaze Reacts to Another Person’s Tears? Experimental Insights Into Eye Tracking Technology

2020

Crying is an ubiquitous human behavior through which an emotion is expressed on the face together with visible tears and constitutes a slippery riddle for researchers. To provide an answer to the question “How our gaze reacts to another person’s tears?,” we made use of eye tracking technology to study a series of visual stimuli. By presenting an illustrative example through an experimental setting specifically designed to study the “tearing effect,” the present work aims to offer methodological insight on how to use eye-tracking technology to study non-verbal cues. A sample of 30 healthy young women with normal visual acuity performed a within-subjects task in which they evaluated images of…

The tear film and the optical quality of the eye

2010

The stability of the tear film plays an important role in the optical quality of the eye. Various methods have been developed to quantify the contribution of the tear film to optical quality, including the double-pass optical method, Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensing, videokeratoscopy, retroillumination analysis, and interferometry. In addition to assessing the effect of tear film irregularities, these methods can aid in the diagnosis of dry-eye related conditions and the monitoring of therapy. This review describes the methodologies used to assess the relationship between the tear film and optical quality of the eye and summarizes the most important findings obtained with these methods with…

Time Course of Inflammation and Apoptosis in a Scopolamine–Induced Dry Eye Rat Model

2006

International audience; Purpose: : Dry eye syndrome is due to tear secretion deficiency or excessive tear evaporation leading to tear film instability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time course of inflammation and apoptosis in a scopolamine–induced dry eye rat model. Methods: : Osmotic pumps continuously delivering scopolamine (12.5mg/d) were implanted subcutaneously in female Lewis rats for 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 17 and 28 days. During the treatment, the corneal status was assessed by fluorescein impregnation and tears were collected for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) immunoassay. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed and the ocular tissues and the lacrimal glands w…

Tear <sup>1</sup>H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomics Application to the Molecular Diagnosis of Aqueous Tear Deficiency and Me…

2020

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a major cause of signs and symptoms related to dry eyes (DE) and eyelid inflammation. We investigated the composition of human tears by metabolomic approaches in patients with aqueous tear deficiency and MGD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Participants in this prospective, case-control pilot study were split into patients with aqueous tear deficiency and MGD (DE-MGD [<i>n</i> = 15]) and healthy controls (CG; <i>n</i> = 20). Personal interviews, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and ophthalmic examinations were performed. Reflex tears collected by capillarity were pr…

Video display terminal use and dry eye: preventive measures and future perspectives

2022

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a common cause of ocular pain and discomfort. Dry eye disease (DED) stems from a loss-of-tear film homeostasis and is frequently seen in video display terminal (VDT) users. Video display terminal (VDT) use reduces blink rates and increases incomplete blinks, leading to tear film instability and ocular inflammation, promoting DED. Purpose: To assess and evaluate the methods for preventing VDT-associated DED and ocular discomfort. Methods: Studies were found using PubMed and Embase with the search terms: (digital visual terminal* OR computer use OR screen use OR smartphone OR display OR visual display terminal* OR computer vision syndrome OR tablet OR phon…