Search results for "Temporal cortex"

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the Processing of Spoken Inflected and Derived Words:A Combined EEG and MEG Study

2011

The spatiotemporal dynamics of the neural processing of spoken morphologically complex words are still an open issue. In the current study, we investigated the time course and neural sources of spoken inflected and derived words using simultaneously recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) responses. Ten participants (native speakers) listened to inflected, derived, and monomorphemic Finnish words and judged their acceptability. EEG and MEG responses were time-locked to both the stimulus onset and the critical point (suffix onset for complex words, uniqueness point for monomorphemic words). The ERP results showed that inflected words elicited a larger left-late…

Response to Skeide and Friederici: The myth of the uniquely human “direct” dorsal pathway

2015

In their comment on our recent article [1], Skeide and Friederici [2] claim ‘that some important data not discussed by Bornkessel-Schlesewsky et al. strongly support the view that there are clear qualitative, and not merely quantitative, differences between [human and nonhuman primate] species with respect to both the intrinsic functional connectivity of frontal and temporal cortices, and their direct structural connection via a dorsal white matter fiber tract.’ This obviously refers to work by Friederici and colleagues [3] emphasizing the functional importance of a direct connection between the posterior superior temporal cortex (pSTC) and Brodmann area (BA) 44 in humans, and its absence i…

Measuring spectrally-resolved information transfer for sender- and receiver-specific frequencies

2020

AbstractInformation transfer, measured by transfer entropy, is a key component of distributed computation. It is therefore important to understand the pattern of information transfer in order to unravel the distributed computational algorithms of a system. Since in many natural systems distributed computation is thought to rely on rhythmic processes a frequency resolved measure of information transfer is highly desirable. Here, we present a novel algorithm, and its efficient implementation, to identify separately frequencies sending and receiving information in a network. Our approach relies on the invertible maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) for the creation of surrogate d…

Distribution of PSA-NCAM expression in the amygdala of the adult rat.

2002

Synaptic plasticity in the amygdala appears to be necessary for the generation of emotional memories. However, the molecular bases of this plasticity are not fully understood. Because the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) has been implicated in memory consolidation in the hippocampus and temporal cortex, we have studied in detail the expression of this molecule in the adult rat amygdala with an antibody against PSA-NCAM. Our results demonstrate for the first time the presence of PSA-NCAM in the adult rat amygdala. Immunoreactive somata and processes are abundant in the amygdalo-hippocampal transition area, central nucleus, intra-amygdaloid bed nucleus of th…

Characteristics of frontal and temporal cortex in relation to cognitive dysfunction in Bipolar Disorders

2011

2020

Learning to associate written letters with speech sounds is crucial for the initial phase of acquiring reading skills. However, little is known about the cortical reorganization for supporting letter-speech sound learning, particularly the brain dynamics during the learning of grapheme-phoneme associations. In the present study, we trained 30 Finnish participants (mean age: 24.33 years, SD: 3.50 years) to associate novel foreign letters with familiar Finnish speech sounds on two consecutive days (first day ​~ ​50 ​min; second day ​~ ​25 ​min), while neural activity was measured using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Two sets of audiovisual stimuli were used for the training in which the graphe…

Modulation in alpha band activity reflects syntax composition: an MEG study of minimal syntactic binding

2021

Successful sentence comprehension requires the binding, or composition, of multiple words into larger structures to establish meaning. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we investigated the neural mechanisms involved in binding of language at the level of syntax, in a task in which contributions from semantics were minimized. Participants were auditorily presented with minimal sentences that required binding (pronoun and pseudo-verb with the corresponding morphological inflection; "she grushes") and wordlists that did not require binding (two pseudo-verbs; "cugged grushes"). Relative to the no binding wordlist condition, we found that syntactic binding in a minimal sentence structure was a…

2018

Despite increasing interest in the development of audiovisual speech perception in infancy, the underlying mechanisms and neural processes are still only poorly understood. In addition to regions in temporal cortex associated with speech processing and multimodal integration, such as superior temporal sulcus, left inferior frontal cortex (IFC) has been suggested to be critically involved in mapping information from different modalities during speech perception. To further illuminate the role of IFC during infant language learning and speech perception, the current study examined the processing of auditory, visual and audiovisual speech in 6-month-old infants using functional near-infrared s…

Reading changes in children and adolescents with dyslexia after transcranial direct current stimulation.

2016

Noninvasive brain stimulation offers the possibility to induce changes in cortical excitability and it is an interesting option as a remediation tool for the treatment of developmental disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on reading and reading-related skills of children and adolescents with dyslexia. Nineteen children and adolescents with dyslexia performed different reading and reading-related tasks (word, nonword, and text reading; lexical decision; phonemic blending; verbal working memory; rapid automatized naming) in a baseline condition without tDCS and after 20 min of exposure to three different tDCS conditions: left …

Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Brain Networks Related to Creative Thinking

2020

AbstractHuman creative thinking is unique and capable of generating novel and valuable ideas. Recent research has clarified the contribution of different brain networks (default mode network, DN; executive control network; salience network) to creative thinking. However, the effects of brain stimulation on brain networks during creative thinking and on creative performance have not been clarified. The present study was designed to examine the changes in functional connectivity (FC) and effective connectivity (EC) of the large-scale brain network, and the ensuing changes in creative performance, induced by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Fourteen healthy male students underwe…