Search results for "Temporal"
showing 10 items of 1095 documents
The closed-form solution for a family of four-dimension nonlinear MHDS
2008
In this article we propose a method for solving a general class of four-dimension nonlinear modified Hamiltonian dynamic systems in closed form. This method may be used to study several intertemporal optimization problems sharing a common structure, which involves unbounded technological constraints as well as multiple controls and state variables. The method is developed by solving the first-order conditions associated with the planner's problem corresponding to the Lucas [1988. On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics 22, 3-42] two-sector model of endogenous growth, and allows for explicitly showing the transitional dynamics of the model. Despite the externa…
Putting time into space: the temporal coherence of spatial applications in the housing market
2016
International audience; Relationships between past events, future expectations and present decisions, typically examined through a temporal prism within applied economics, have been lately moving to the spatial dimension through spatial econometrics. However, violations of the “arrow of time”, and thus causality, have been identified in spatial econometric techniques applied to spatio-temporal data consisting of observations each at a specific location and distinct moment in time. A comprehensive review classifies for the first time several redresses to this issue in a currently fragmented literature. This paper puts back the temporal dimension into spatial Hedonic Pricing models through a …
Temptation and commitment in the laboratory
2010
Temptation and self-control in intertemporal choice environments are receiving increasing attention in the theoretical economics literature. Nevertheless, there remains a scarcity of empirical evidence from controlled environments informing behavior under repeated temptations. This is unfortunate in light of the fact that in many natural environments, the same temptation must be repeatedly resisted. This paper fills that gap by reporting data from a novel laboratory study of economic decisions under repeat temptations. Subjects are repeatedly offered an option with instantaneous benefit that also entails a substantial reduction to overall earnings. We show that this option is "tempting" in …
Beta Rebound as an Index of Temporal Integration of Somatosensory and Motor Signals
2020
Modulation of cortical beta rhythm (15-30 Hz) is present during preparation for and execution of voluntary movements as well as during somatosensory stimulation. A rebound in beta synchronization is observed after the end of voluntary movements as well as after somatosensory stimulation and is believed to describe the return to baseline of sensorimotor networks. However, the contribution of efferent and afferent signals to the beta rebound remains poorly understood. Here, we applied electrical median nerve stimulation (MNS) to the right side followed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the left primary motor cortex after either 15 or 25 ms. Because the afferent volley reaches the …
Studies of plasma breakdown and electron heating on a 14 GHz ECR ion source through measurement of plasma bremsstrahlung
2011
Temporal evolution of plasma bremsstrahlung emitted by a 14?GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) operated in pulsed mode is presented in the energy range 1.5?400?keV with 100??s resolution. Such a high temporal resolution together with this energy range has never been measured before with an ECRIS. Data are presented as a function of microwave power, neutral gas pressure, magnetic field configuration and seed electron density. The saturation time of the bremsstrahlung count rate is almost independent of the photon energy up to 100?keV and exhibits similar characteristics with the neutral gas balance. The average photon energy during the plasma breakdown is significantly highe…
The Contingent Negative Variation – An Electrophysiological Correlate of Temporal Processing or Reference Memory?
2014
Abstract In EEG research, the contingent negative variation (CNV) is considered to be strongly related to interval timing (e.g., Macar & Vidal, 2004 ; Macar, Vidal, & Casini, 1999). However, it is discussed controversially whether certain properties of the CNV (e.g., amplitude, peak latency and resolution) directly reflect the process of temporal accumulation or rather processes related to reference memory or decision stages in temporal information processing (van Rijn et al., 2011). This present study was designed in order to investigate the relationship between CNV mean amplitude, CNV resolution, and memory processes as well as processes of temporal accumulation. The task design aimed at …
Packet Aggregation in TelosB WSNs: Design, Implementation and Experiments
2016
Master's thesis in Information- and communication technology IKT590 - University of Agder 2016 WSN is an extensive field of research and a core technology which is adopted for monitoring and data assembling, used in various applications. Traditionally in a WSN, communication is performed in the fashion of single packet per transmission which produces high energy consumption and longer delay. Therefore, we introduce a novel approach by designing a system which applies packet aggregation in TelosB sensor motes using Contiki platform. In this approach, we assemble multiple packets together and send them in an aggregated frame towards the sink which can reduce the number of transmissions, energ…
Unconventional Reducing Gases Monitoring in Everyday Places
2017
Abstract Air pollution, be it indoors or outdoors, is a major environmental health concern as it can lead to serious health effects, such as respiratory diseases, including asthma and lung cancer. Much progress has been made in Europe in improving outdoor air quality and limit values have been set for several pollutants. However, indoor air quality also requires attention because this is where we spend most of our time. Measurements at appropriate spatial and temporal scales are essential for understanding and monitoring heterogeneous environments with complex and highly variable emission sources, such as in urban areas. However, the costs and complexity of conventional air quality measurem…
Modeling traffic safety at urban four leg-signalized intersections
2013
According to the state-of-the-art of the methodologies, the development of safety performance functions (SPFs) for road sections and intersections requires the employment of statistical models to predict expected crash frequencies on the basis of traffic volumes and site characteristics to be surveyed and used as input to models. Nevertheless, literature reports several studies on issues deriving from data features or methodological approaches that may invalidate the efficiency of the models and the accuracy of the estimates. Drawing inspiration from the above mentioned considerations, the objective of this study is to develop safety performance functions for a sample of urban four leg-sign…
Skull and Encephalic Injuries Caused by Beach Umbrellas: Case Reports and Review of Literature
2016
This study reports two unusual cases of skull-encephalic injuries in bathers that were caused by violent impacts with beach umbrellas. The first case concerned a 36-year-old man who, while lying on a sun bed, was struck on his left temple by a beach umbrella, which had been blown away by a gust of wind. The second case concerned a six-year-old child who was struck on the right temporal region while he was playing on the sand. Both subjects died. A review of the literature was carried out. Various skull and brain injuries caused by several objects were found, but no injuries caused by beach umbrellas were detected. There were only cases of injuries caused by normal umbrellas. These cases sho…