Search results for "Temporal"

Measuring network disruption in neurodegenerative diseases: New approaches using signal analysis

2019

Advanced neuroimaging has increased understanding of the pathogenesis and spread of disease, and offered new therapeutic targets. MRI and positron emission tomography have shown that neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are associated with changes in brain networks. However, the underlying neurophysiological pathways driving pathological processes are poorly defined. The gap between what imaging can discern and underlying pathophysiology can now be addressed by advanced techniques that explore the cortical neural synchro…

6‐1: Invited Paper: Measuring Health Parameters with Large‐Area Organic Photodetector Arrays

2021

Solution-processed organic photodetectors (OPDs) have witnessed great progress in the past few years. With silicon-like performance achieved, OPDs enable new medical imaging applications by offering cost-effective light detection over large area. Herein, we illustrate the compelling advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution OPD arrays for medical X-ray detectors and wearable pulse oximeters.

Some properties and applications of local second-order characteristics for spatio-temporal point processes on networks

2021

Point processes on linear networks are increasingly being considered to analyse events occurring on particular network-based structures. In this work, we extend Local Indicators of Spatio-Temporal Association (LISTA) functions to the non-Euclidean space of linear networks, allowing to obtain information on how events relate to nearby events. In particular, we propose the local version of two inhomogeneous second-order statistics for spatio-temporal point processes on linear networks, the K- and the pair correlation functions. We also show that these LISTA functions are useful for diagnostics of models specified on the networks, and can be helpful to assess the goodness-of-fit of different s…

Representing Time: An Essay on Temporality as Modality

2009

Grandmother cells: much ado about nothing

2016

International audience; We do not dispute the possibility of the existence in the brain of “grandmother cells”, which are very finely tuned neurons that fire only in the presence of specific objects or categories. However, we question the causal efficacy of such neurons at the functional or behaviour level. We claim that, even though very familiar items, such as “my grandmother”, may well have associated grandmother neurons, these neurons have very little, or no impact on the actual recognition of my grandmother. A study by Thomas, Van Hulle, and Vogels [(2002). Encoding of categories by noncategory-specific neurons in the inferior temporal cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13, 190…

Assessing natural metalinguistic skills in people with Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia

2019

Abstract Objective The aim of this paper is to assess whether the use of natural metalinguistic skills can be used to differentiate linguistic-communicative profiles of people with dementia (Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia in the behavioural and primary progressive aphasia variants) in the earliest stages of the disease. Method A sample of 180 people was selected. Sixty had Alzheimer’s disease, 20 had frontotemporal dementia of the behavioural variant, and 40 had frontotemporal dementia of the primary progressive aphasia variant (20 had non-fluent primary progressive aphasia and 20 had semantic dementia). The control group was composed of 60 healthy people with ages, gender,…

Reconciling time, space and function: a new dorsal-ventral stream model of sentence comprehension.

2013

We present a new dorsal–ventral stream framework for language comprehension which unifies basic neurobiological assumptions (Rauschecker & Scott, 2009) with a cross-linguistic neurocognitive sentence comprehension model (eADM; Bornkessel & Schlesewsky, 2006). The dissociation between (time-dependent)syntactic structure-building and (time-independent) sentence interpretation assumed within thee ADM provides a basis for the division of labour between the dorsal and ventral streams in comprehension.We posit that the ventral stream performs time-independent unifications of conceptual schemata,serving to create auditory objects of increasing complexity. The dorsal stream engages in the time-depe…

Dislocated Temporalities : Immigration, Identity, and Sexuality in Najat El Hachmi?s «L?últim patriarca»

2018

Recent Catalan criticism has focused on place and space, as well as immigration, but has overlooked temporality. Yet migrations are not only a matter of space (of demographic movements and geographical relocations), but also of time: immigration questions the idea of origins and the possibility of a shared future, and problematizes the rhythms of everyday life. Temporality, in fact, is a key axis in the formation of identities and in cultural conflicts, not just regarding the uses of the past and the projection of societies towards the future, but also in relation to the normative uses of the body. The coexistence of asynchronous temporalities provoked by immigration is a factor in both cul…

Grey matter reduction in the occipitotemporal cortex in Spanish children with dyslexia: A voxel-based morphometry study

2020

Abstract Structural and functional neuroimaging studies have reported brain alterations in occipitotemporal, temporoparietal, and left frontal areas in dyslexic patients. These areas have been linked to reading skill impairments, due to their involvement in word recognition and processing. However, most of the patients in these studies were speakers of languages with a deep orthography. In this study, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate brain differences in grey matter volume associated with a transparent language in a sample of 25 native Spanish participants (13 dyslexic and 12 non-dyslexic children). Results revealed a volume reduction in the left occipitotemporal cortex …

Paradigm shift in engineering education More time is needed

2010

Abstract Information Technology (IT) becomes: innovation motor, engineering toolbox; basic part of curricula. The impact on engineering education is due to shifting from industrial towards post-industrial engineering. IT is the most suitable domain to bear the paradigmatic shifts able to lessen the paradox of temporal dissociation between the present process of teaching and its future mirroring in life-long learning. Hence, a modern approach to time and to its related concepts is focused upon. The essence of applying new paradigms in education is exemplified via the advanced subdomain of artificial intelligence. Conclusion: carrying out such educational innovations is urgent, painless and a…