Search results for "Terrorism"
showing 10 items of 326 documents
The rising fear of terrorism and the emergence of a European security governance space: citizen perceptions and EU counterterrorism cooperation
2021
Among a wide range of challenges, EU member states have been facing a growing threat from terrorism in the recent years. The primary responsibility for combating terrorism lies with each individual member state, although the threat is becoming increasingly cross-border and diverse. Regardless of whether terrorism poses a real or perceived threat to the states’ and citizens’ security, public opinion is one important force behind the extensive counterterrorism efforts undertaken in Europe. In this article, we explore the influence of public opinion on EU policy within the security domain in the period 2005–19. We investigate the relationship between the number of attacks carried out on EU ter…
¿La memoria en su sitio? El museo de la Escuela de Mecánica de la Armada
2019
What should be done with a site where state terrorism was once waged? In the past few decades, many have been transformed into places of remembrance where the traumatic events that affected the whole community can be addressed. During Argentina?s last dictatorship (1976-1983), state terrorism forged a new figure, that of the ?detained-disappeared,? and the country?s detention, torture and extermination centres were the last places where these people were seen alive. That materiality, and the resignification of such sites as symbolic, is what make these locations transcendental. Perhaps, then, the question is not what needs to be represented at these sites, but what needs to be represented t…
Being lost: tourism, risk and vulnerability in the post-‘9/11’ entertainment industry
2012
This study explores the ways in which the post-‘9/11’ film industry employs tourism as a plot that re-creates mythical imageries of the ‘West’ in relation to a radical ‘other’. Reflecting on sociological and psychological concepts of ‘vulnerability’ and ‘risk’, the authors undertake a content analysis of four ‘horror’ or ‘terror’ films and reveal complex discourses linked to nationalist sentiment, political ideology, the power of expertise and public insecurity in the post-‘9/11’ USA. One interesting feature of the current horror-movie genre is the extent of violence and sadism exerted on Western tourists going abroad. Drawing on the image of the tourist as victim, the authors further discu…
Tracing the Cultural Background of Lone-Wolf Terrorism
2021
The end of the Cold War, as well as the collapse of the Soviet Union, posed new greater challenges and risks for the “Global North.” Terrorism—doubtless—seems to be one of them. Over the recent years, and particularly after 9/11, terrorists changed the focus of their attacks. While classic terrorism targeted important persons such as politicians, chief police officers, or celebrities, modern terrorism planned attacks on leisure-spots spaces, tourist destinations, and lay-persons. This is particularly troublesome for policymakers (who are in charge of orchestrating all-pervading models to preserve homeland security) and for field-workers who are seriously punished when they are in contact wi…
International tourism, security and intercultural dialogue in the Arab World
2012
International tourism presents one of the rare possibilities of mass active face-to-face cultural exchange and spatial exploring of the ‘other’. Beyond its cultural dimension, international tourism is a major economic sector in many countries. It provides jobs and foreign currency. One the one hand, tourism is a fragile industry that requires security, stability and tolerance. On the other hand, tourists are soft targets of terrorist attacks, not only in the Arab and Muslim worlds, but indeed worldwide. The article explores the actual and the invented types of segregation in the name of security and terror prevention measures in Arab countries. It demonstrates how the dichotomy of security/…
Globalización, valores sociales y choque de civilizaciones
2005
The thesis of the supposed clash of the Islamic and the western civilizations is, by far, the most diffused and debated of all the subjects and proposals dealt Huntington in his book <i>The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order</i>, above all after the terrorist attacks of the September 11<sup>th</sup>. The results of the World Social Survey 2000-2001 directed by Inglehart, are used in the present article to test the thesis of the cultural differences in a wide sample of Western Christian and Islamic societies. The comparative analysis undertaken allows to conclude that the cultural differences between both group societies are quite important, althou…
Phenomena in the Cyber World
2015
This chapter describes and evaluates the cyber world, including its phenomena, from a strategic perspective. As no universally accepted definitions for the cyber world exist, associated literature and publications address it in many different ways. A five-layer model is constructed for cyber threats, which include cybervandalism, cybercrime, cyber intelligence, cyberterrorism and cyberwarfare. This chapter depicts the standards-based risk model, cyber operations and cyberweaponry, as well as the critical structures of society as the targets. Moreover, cyber security definitions are provided. Cyber world phenomena are addressed in more detail in other chapters of this book.
Tourism and terrorism: conflicts and commonalities
2012
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore why tourists continue to visit troubled and often violent nations, even when there is perceived risk. Tourism and terrorism reflect very different philosophies, but there are also some disturbing commonalities. Both need modern technology to be effective, both rely heavily on media management and both require the manipulation of perceptions and attitudes.Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses historical evidence to examine the rise and fall in world travel and tourism demand related to acts of terrorism.Findings – The paper observes that the Caribbean experienced a 13.5 percent decline in US visitors after the 9/11 terrorist attack in …
Criminal networks analysis in missing data scenarios through graph distances.
2021
Data collected in criminal investigations may suffer from: (i) incompleteness, due to the covert nature of criminal organisations; (ii) incorrectness, caused by either unintentional data collection errors and intentional deception by criminals; (iii) inconsistency, when the same information is collected into law enforcement databases multiple times, or in different formats. In this paper we analyse nine real criminal networks of different nature (i.e., Mafia networks, criminal street gangs and terrorist organizations) in order to quantify the impact of incomplete data and to determine which network type is most affected by it. The networks are firstly pruned following two specific methods: …