Search results for "Testo"
showing 10 items of 611 documents
The maternal hormone in the male brain: Sexually dimorphic distribution of prolactin signalling in the mouse brain.
2018
Research of the central actions of prolactin is highly focused on females, but this hormone has also documented roles in male physiology and behaviour. Here, we provide the first description of the pattern of prolactin-derived signalling in the male mouse brain, employing the immunostaining of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (pSTAT5) after exogenous prolactin administration. Next, we explore possible sexually dimorphic differences by comparing pSTAT5 immunoreactivity in prolactin-supplemented males and females. We also assess the role of testosterone in the regulation of central prolactin signalling in males by comparing intact with castrated prolactin-supp…
Sex hormones modulate pathogenic processes in experimental traumatic brain injury.
2018
Clinical and animal studies have revealed sex-specific differences in histopathological and neurological outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The impact of perioperative administration of sex steroid inhibitors on TBI is still elusive. Here, we subjected male and female C57Bl/6N mice to the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI and applied pharmacological inhibitors of steroid hormone synthesis, that is, letrozole (LET, inhibiting estradiol synthesis by aromatase) and finasteride (FIN, inhibiting dihydrotestosterone synthesis by 5α-reductase), respectively, starting 72 h prior CCI, and continuing for a further 48 h after CCI. Initial gene expression analyses showed that andro…
Socio-Reproductive Conflicts and the Father’s Curse Dilemma
2018
Evolutionary conflicts between males and females can manifest over sexually antagonistic interactions at loci or over sexually antagonistic interests within a locus. The latter form of conflict, intralocus sexual conflict, arises from sexually antagonistic selection and constrains the fitness of individuals through a phenotypic compromise. These conflicts, and socio-reproductive interactions in general, are commonly mediated by hormones, and thus predictive insights can be gained from studying their mediating effects. Here, we integrate several lines of evidence to describe a novel, hormonally mediated reproductive dilemma that we call the father’s curse, which results from an intralocus co…
Efectos organizacionales y activacionales de la testosterona sobre la asunción de riesgos en conductas económicas: una revisión sistemática
2017
Resumen El objetivo de esta revision sistematica es evaluar la influencia de la testosterona circulante (efectos activacionales) y de la exposicion prenatal a ella (efectos organizacionales) sobre la asuncion de riesgos en conductas economicas, evaluando los trabajos de investigacion existentes hasta la fecha acerca de la tematica. La base bibliografica analizada se obtuvo de distintas bases de datos especializadas en el ambito de la psicologia y las neurociencias. Los resultados obtenidos concluyen en una relacion contrastada entre la testosterona circulante y la asuncion de riesgo financiero. En lo referente a la exposicion prenatal se evidencia un estado inmaduro de la investigacion sobr…
Testosterone and attention deficits as possible mechanisms underlying impaired emotion recognition in intimate partner violence perpetrators
2016
Several studies have reported impairments in decoding emotional facial expressions in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators. However, the mechanisms that underlie these impaired skills are not well known. Given this gap in the literature, we aimed to establish whether IPV perpetrators (n = 18) differ in their emotion decoding process, attentional skills, and testosterone (T), cortisol (C) levels and T/C ratio in comparison with controls (n = 20), and also to examine the moderating role of the group and hormonal parameters in the relationship between attention skills and the emotion decoding process. Our results demonstrated that IPV perpetrators showed poorer emotion recognition and …
Androgēnie anaboliskie steroīdi, to ietekme uz veselību un izplatība sabiedrības vidū
2016
Ārējais izskats spēj ietekmēt apkārtējo sabiedrības viedokli, veidojot priekšstatu par cilvēka raksturu un spējām. Izsenis cilvēkus ieinteresējis, kā izmantojot mazāku piepūli iegūt pievilcīgāku ķermeņa izskatu un labāku sportisko sniegumu. Lai sasniegtu mērķi cilvēki dažkārt ir gatavi izmēģināt visdažādākos līdzekļus, lai gan tiem ir risks pasliktināt veselību un izraisīt nopietnas blakusparādības. Šī darba mērķis bija noskaidrot, vai Latvijā ir izplatīta androgēno anabolisko steroīdu lietošana, kādi ir to lietošanas paradumi un, kurš no testosterona līdzekļiem BENU aptieku tīklā ir vispieprasītākais laika posmā no 2013. gada 1. janvāra līdz 2015. gada 31. decembrim. Pēc iegūtajiem aptauju…
Organizational and activational effects of testosterone on risk-taking in economical behavior: A systematic review
2017
Resumen El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es evaluar la influencia de la testosterona circulante (efectos activacionales) y de la exposición prenatal a ella (efectos organizacionales) sobre la asunción de riesgos en conductas económicas, evaluando los trabajos de investigación existentes hasta la fecha acerca de la temática. La base bibliográfica analizada se obtuvo de distintas bases de datos especializadas en el ámbito de la psicología y las neurociencias. Los resultados obtenidos concluyen en una relación contrastada entre la testosterona circulante y la asunción de riesgo financiero. En lo referente a la exposición prenatal se evidencia un estado inmaduro de la investigación sobr…
The sustainable synthesis of levetiracetam by an enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution and an ex-cell anodic oxidation
2021
Levetiracetam is an active pharmaceutical ingredient widely used to treat epilepsy. We describe a new synthesis of levetiracetam by a dynamic kinetic resolution and a ruthenium-catalysed ex-cell anodic oxidation. For the enzymatic resolution, we tailored a high throughput screening method to identify Comamonas testosteroni nitrile hydratase variants with high (S)-selectivity and activity. Racemic nitrile was applied in a fed-batch reaction and was hydrated to (S)-(pyrrolidine-1-yl)butaneamide. For the subsequent oxidation to levetiracetam, we developed a ligand-free ruthenium-catalysed method at a low catalyst loading. The oxidant was electrochemically generated in 86% yield. This route pro…
An Autistic Endophenotype and Testosterone Are Involved in an Atypical Decline in Selective Attention and Visuospatial Processing in Middle-Aged Women
2015
Mothers of offspring with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) could present mild forms of their children’s cognitive characteristics, resulting from prenatal brain exposure and sensitivity to testosterone (T). Indeed, their cognition is frequently characterized by hyper-systemizing, outperforming in tests that assess cognitive domains such as selective attention, and fine motor and visuospatial skills. In the general population, all these start to decline around the mid-forties. This study aimed to characterize whether middle-aged women who are biological mothers of individuals with ASD had better performance in the aforementioned cognitive skills than mothers of normative children (in both gro…
Time-dependent changes in serum 3α-androstanediol glucuronide correlate with hirsutism scores after ovarian suppression
1995
The clinical utility of serum 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide level has been controversial. Among the concerns regarding its lack of utility has been the finding that suppression of serum 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide does not occur readily with treatment. We hypothesized that because the treatment of hirsutism requires a prolonged duration, a longer observation period is required for changes in serum 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide to be measured. Therefore, we studied the clinical and hormonal changes in 11 women treated for hirsutism with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) for 1 year. A progressive reduction in Ferriman-Gallwey scores occurred, which was signifi…