Search results for "Tetraethylammonium"

showing 10 items of 52 documents

Opioid Inhibition of Oxytocin Release, but not Autoinhibition of Dopamine Release May Involve Activation of Potassium (K+) Channels

1991

ABSTRACT Release of oxytocin (Ox) or dopamine (DA) from the isolated neural lobes or neurointermediate lobes, respectively, was evoked by high K + (30 or 45 mM). Naloxone (1-10 μmol/l) which largely enhances the impulse-induced release of Ox had no effect on Ox release evoked by 30 or 45 mM K + . In the presence of 10 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA), Ox release evoked by 30 or 45 mM K + was increased 2-3fold; nevertheless, naloxone caused a further 2-3fold increase. Barium (500 μM) and quinidine (300 μM) antagonized the effect of naloxone observed in the presence of TEA. (-)-Sulpiride (10 μM) enhanced the release of DA evoked by 30 and 45 mM K + by 94 % and 19 %, respectively. TEA enhanced the …

Quinidinemedicine.medical_specialtyTetraethylammoniumChemistrymedicine.drug_class(+)-NaloxonePotassium channelchemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyOpioidOpioid receptorDopamine receptorInternal medicinemedicineAutoreceptormedicine.drug
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Electrochemically-driven conformational shift in mono- and di-copper constrained macrotricyclic cyclen receptors

2008

International audience; An electrochemical study of mono- and di-copper constrained cyclen macrotricycles is presented. Electrochemical data in DMF solution indicate that the reduction of dinuclear complexes occurs in two steps in the -0.4 to -0.8 V vs.AgCl/Ag potential range yielding CuII CuI and CuI CuI species further reduced to Cu metal at highly negative potentials. Mononuclear complexes are reduced in two steps to CuI and Cu metal. Electrochemical data suggest that reduction of both mononuclear and dinuclear complexes approach a square scheme involving electrochemically-driven conformational shifts for metal ions. The presence of endo- and exo-forms of the complexes are revealed by ch…

010405 organic chemistry[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryMetal ions in aqueous solutionchemistry.chemical_elementTetraethylammonium chloride010402 general chemistryElectrochemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesCopper0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryCyclen[CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium[CHIM]Chemical SciencesReceptorOctane
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Quantum correlations in generalized spin star system

2006

The problem of detecting quantum signatures in the correlations formed in dynamical evolution of quantum bipartite systems receives a lot of attention in current literature. Generally speaking, the occurrence of correlations between two observables of a system does not necessarily reflect nonclassical behaviour. In this paper, the exact dynamics of a pair of uncoupled spins 1/2 interacting with a common spin 1/2 bath is investigated. Starting from a separable initial condition, the ability of the system to develop purely quantum correlations is brought to light. Physical interpretation of the concurrence function as well as a suggestion on how to measure it are given.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsDISSOCIATION-CONSTANTSQuantum discordQuantum dynamicsTETRAETHYLAMMONIUM IODIDEStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsObservable25 DEGREES CSODIUM-CHLORIDEHEAT-CAPACITIESIONIC-STRENGTH DEPENDENCEMOLECULAR-WEIGHTQuantum mechanicsQuantum processQuantum operationQuantum algorithmACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTSIONIZATION-CONSTANTQuantumCOMPLEX-FORMATIONMathematical PhysicsSpin-½
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Mechanisms involved in the relaxant action of testosterone in the renal artery from male normoglycemic and diabetic rabbits.

2009

Kidney disease is a frequent complication in diabetes, and significant differences have been reported between male and female patients. Our working hypothesis was that diabetes might modify the vascular actions of testosterone in isolated rabbit renal arteries and the mechanisms involved in these actions. Testosterone (10(-8) to 10(-4)M) induced relaxation of precontracted arteries, without significant differences between control and diabetic rabbits. Both in control and diabetic rabbits endothelium removal inhibited testosterone relaxant action. In arteries with endothelium, incubation with indomethacin (10(-5)M), N(G)-nitro-l-arginine (10(-5)M) or tetraethylammonium (10(-5)M) did not modi…

Blood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEndotheliumNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIThromboxaneBlotting WesternIndomethacinNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIProstacyclinVasodilationNitroarginineMuscle Smooth VascularDiabetes Mellitus ExperimentalImmunoenzyme TechniquesThromboxane A2Renal ArteryEnosInternal medicinemedicine.arteryDiabetes mellitusmedicinePotassium Channel BlockersAnimalsCyclooxygenase InhibitorsProstaglandins ITestosteroneRenal arteryPharmacologybiologyDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryTetraethylammoniumTestosterone (patch)medicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVasodilationEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureCyclooxygenase 2Cyclooxygenase 1PotassiumCalciumEndothelium VascularRabbitsbusinessmedicine.drugSignal TransductionPharmacological research
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Role of K+ and Ca2+ fluxes in the cerebroarterial vasoactive effects of sildenafil

2007

The aim of this study was to assess the role of K(+) and Ca(2+) fluxes in the cerebroarterial vasoactive effects of the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil. We used isolated rabbit basilar arteries to assess the effects of extracellular K(+) raising on sildenafil-induced vasodilatation, and studied the pharmacological interaction of sildenafil with selective modulators of membrane K(+) and Ca(2+) channels. Expression of Kv1 subunits of K(+) channels was assessed at messenger and protein levels. Parallel experiments were carried out with zaprinast for comparison. Sildenafil (10 nM-0.1 mM) induced concentration-dependent relaxation of endothelin-1 (10 nM)-precontracted arteries, which wa…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCalcium Channels L-Typemedicine.drug_mechanism_of_actionPhosphodiesterase InhibitorsVasodilationIn Vitro TechniquesPharmacologyPiperazinesSildenafil Citratechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsChannel blockerRNA MessengerSulfonesPharmacologyTetraethylammoniumDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryDepolarization3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid 14-dihydro-26-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)- Methyl esterIberiotoxinEndocrinologyPurinesBasilar ArterycGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5PotassiumShaker Superfamily of Potassium ChannelsCalciumRabbitsZaprinastPhosphodiesterase 5 inhibitorEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
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Inhibition of neuroeffector transmission in human vas deferens by sildenafil

2000

Sildenafil (0.1 - 30 microM), a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5) inhibitor, induced inhibition of electrically evoked contractions of ring segments of human vas deferens from 34 vasectomies. Zaprinast (0.1 - 100 microM), another PDE 5 inhibitor, and the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (0.1 - 100 microM) had no effect on neurogenic contractions. The inhibition induced by sildenafil was not modified by the inhibitor of guanylate cyclase 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-one (ODQ) (1 - 30 microM) but it was abolished by the K(+) channel blockers tetraethylammonium (TEA, 1 mM), iberiotoxin (0.1 microM) and charybdotoxin (0.1 microM). Sildenafil, zaprinast and SNP…

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtyTetraethylammoniumVas deferensIberiotoxinPotassium channelPDE5 drug designchemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryInternal medicinemedicineChannel blockerSodium nitroprussideZaprinastmedicine.drugBritish Journal of Pharmacology
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Relaxant and antiadrenergic effects of ranolazine in human saphenous vein.

2019

Abstract OBJECTIVES Ranolazine improves vascular function in animal models. We evaluate the effects of ranolazine on vascular function and adrenergic response in human saphenous vein. METHODS Rings from 53 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were mounted in organ baths. Concentration–response curves to ranolazine were constructed in rings precontracted with phenylephrine, endothelin-1, vasopressin, KCl and the thromboxane A2 analogue U-46619. In rings precontracted with phenylephrine, relaxation to ranolazine was tested in the absence and presence of endothelial factors inhibitors, K+ channel blockers and verapamil. The effects of ranolazine on frequency–response and concent…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdrenergic AntagonistsCharybdotoxinAdrenergicRanolazine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPharmacologyNitric Oxide03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPotassium Channels Calcium-Activated0302 clinical medicineRanolazineMedicineAnimalsHumansChannel blockerSaphenous Vein030212 general & internal medicinePhenylephrineTetraethylammoniumbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterchemistryVerapamilSurgeryEndothelium Vascularmedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessVasoconstrictionmedicine.drugEuropean journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
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Capacitative Ca2+ entry associated with α1-adrenoceptors in rat aorta

1997

In rat aorta, depletion of internal Ca2+ stores by addition of noradrenaline (1 microM) induces a biphasic response (an initial phasic response and a tonic one) mediated by two different intracellular Ca2+ pools. This response cannot be repeated, suggesting a depletion of internal Ca2+ stores sensitive to noradrenaline. In absence of the agonist, this depletion is the signal for the entry of extracellular Ca2+, not only to refill the stores but also, under our experimental conditions, to activate the contractile proteins thus inducing an increase in the resting tone (IRT) that constitutes functional evidence of this Ca2+ entry. The ionic channels involved in the mechanism of the IRT have be…

MaleAgonistCromakalimmedicine.medical_specialtyPotassium Channelsmedicine.drug_classIn Vitro TechniquesTonic (physiology)NorepinephrineReceptors Adrenergic alpha-1medicine.arteryInternal medicineGlyburidePotassium Channel BlockersmedicineExtracellularAnimalsBenzopyransPyrrolesRats WistarCa2 entryAortaIonic ChannelsPharmacologyAortaChemistryGeneral MedicineTetraethylammonium CompoundsCalcium Channel BlockersRatsEndocrinologyMuscle TonusAlpha1 adrenoceptorBiophysicsCalciumNimodipineCalcium ChannelsIntracellularMuscle ContractionNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Inhibition of the mechanical activity of mouse ileum by cactus pear (Opuntia Ficus Indica, L, Mill.) fruit extract and its pigment indicaxanthin.

2010

We investigated, using an organ bath technique, the effects of a hydrophilic extract from Opuntia ficus indica fruit pulp (cactus fruit extract, CFE) on the motility of mouse ileum, and researched the extract component(s) responsible for the observed responses. CFE (10-320 mg of fresh fruit pulp equivalents/mL of organ bath) reduced dose-dependently the spontaneous contractions. This effect was unaffected by tetrodotoxin, a neuronal blocker, N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, a nitric oxide synthase blocker, tetraethylammonium, a potassium channel blocker, or atropine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist. CFE also reduced the contractions evoked by carbachol, without affecting the contrac…

MalePyridineschemistry.chemical_elementindicaxanthinPharmacologyBiologyCalciumintestinal smooth musclechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceIleumBotanymedicineAnimalsTetraethylammoniumVoltage-dependent calcium channelPlant ExtractsOpuntiaPotassium channel blockerantispasmodic effectGeneral ChemistryAscorbic acidPotassium channelBetaxanthinsMice Inbred C57BLchemistryFruitopuntia ficus indicaAntispasmodicGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesGastrointestinal MotilityIndicaxanthinmedicine.drugJournal of agricultural and food chemistry
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Three distinct types of voltage-dependent K+ channels are expressed by Müller (glial) cells of the rabbit retina.

1994

There is ample evidence that retinal radial glial (Müller) cells play a crucial role in retinal ion homeostasis. Nevertheless, data on the particular types of ion channels mediating this function are very rare and incomplete; this holds especially for mammalian Müller cells. Thus, the whole-cell variation of the patch-clamp technique was used to study voltage-dependent currents in Müller cells from adult rabbit retinae. The membrane of Müller cells was almost exclusively permeable to K+ ions, as no significant currents could be evoked in K(+)-free internal and external solutions, external Ba2+ (1 mM) reversibly blocked most membrane currents, and external Cs+ ions (5 mM) blocked all inward …

Potassium ChannelsPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryCell SeparationBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesRetinaMembrane Potentialschemistry.chemical_compoundPhysiology (medical)medicinePotassium Channel BlockersAnimals4-AminopyridineIon channelRetinaTetraethylammoniumTetraethylammoniumDepolarizationRetinalTetraethylammonium CompoundsElectrophysiologyElectrophysiologyIon homeostasismedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiophysicsNeurogliaRabbitsNeuroscienceNeurogliaPflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology
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