Search results for "Theoretical models"
showing 10 items of 79 documents
Electrochemical treatment of aqueous solutions containing one or many organic pollutants at boron doped diamond anodes. Theoretical modeling and expe…
2012
The electrochemical oxidation of organics in water at boron doped diamonds (BDD) was experimentally investigated with the aim to discuss the correlations among the conversion of the pollutants and the instantaneous current efficiency ICE with the operative conditions. A simple theoretical model previously developed for the oxidation of oxalic acid accounting for the cases of mass transfer control, oxidation reaction control and mixed kinetic regimes was adopted and extended to challenge its predictive capability in the case of organics of different nature and in systems with more pollutants. A quite good agreement, between theoretical predictions and experimental data pertaining to the elec…
Boris Ephrussi and the Synthesis of Genetics and Embryology
1991
The career of Boris Ephrussi (1901–1979) presents a series of fascinating perspectives on the intellectual and sociological difficulties that plagued those who wished to reconcile genetics and embryology during the middle of this century (2–8). Ephrussi was born in a suburb of Moscow, but spent much of his working career in France, with important periods in the United States. He made major contributions to the rapprochement between genetics and developmental biology. His work, which we believe has been undervalued both by historians of biology and by subsequent generations of biologists, is worth studying for at least three reasons: 1. Throughout his long career, he sought an adequate causa…
Slippage of water over hydrophobic surfaces
1999
When water is confined between hydrophobic surfaces, its flow properties are significantly different from those in bulk, or between hydrophilic surfaces. These changes (that are usually ignored) may be interpreted in terms of hydrophobic slippage. This chapter reviews recent developments in the hydrodynamics of water confined between solid hydrophobic surfaces, emphasizing the main experimental facts, theoretical models suggested, and different aspects of thin film drainage. The relevance of slippage in hydrophobic surface force measurements and on the coagulation rate of hydrophobic particles is discussed.
Motivating Individuals With Disabilities to Be Physically Active
2002
The benefits of exercise andlor physical activity among individuals with disabilities have been well documented. However, very few people with disabilities are active. In this paper, a series of contemporary theoretical models will be presented to facilitate the identification of strategies to increase individuals with disabilities' opportunities and motivation toward physical activitylexercise. These models can be empirically tested by researchers, and practitioners can be guided by the hypothesized relationships to determine optimal strategies for motivating physical activity participation. This blend of theory, research, and practice in adapted physical activity scholarship may result in…
Integrating theoretical and experimental permeability estimations for provisional biopharmaceutical classification: Application to the WHO essential …
2018
The accuracy of the provisional estimation of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) is heavily influenced by the permeability measurement. In this study, several theoretical and experimental models currently employed for BCS permeability classification have been analysed. The experimental models included the in situ rat intestinal perfusion, the ex vivo rat intestinal tissue in an Ussing chamber, the MDCK and Caco-2 cell monolayers, and the parallel artificial membrane (PAMPA). The theoretical models included the octanol-water partition coefficient and the QSPeR (Quantitative Structure-Permeability Relationship) model recently developed. For model validation, a dataset of 43 comp…
Diffusion of theories and theoretical models in the Ibero‐American research on information behavior
2021
Ibero-American research on information behavior (IB) lacks the visibility typical of other parts of the world, and little is known about it in countries outside the area. The objective of this paper has therefore been to analyze the way in which Ibero-American research incorporates various theoretical references to empirical research on IB. The results point to the existence of different focuses of research in the past 10 years, in the sense of a reduced empirical approach and a moderate to minimal use of theories in the design of such research. Furthermore, the most cited theories and models of IB at an international level are those most widely applied in this geographical area, and the us…
An experimentalist point of view on quantitative elaboration of theoretical models
1980
Abstract In a number of problems of solute–solute–solvent interaction, information on the geometrical structure of solvent in the near neighborhood of solute is now available. This was obtained from a variety of experiments as well as from numerical calculations. The present trend in computer simulation as well as an experimental techniques seems to appropriately be towards an extension of this information to include thermal disorder. Despite these efforts, other aspects of solute–solute–solvent interaction do not seem likely to find exhaustive answers through a study of the geometrical configurations of solvent molecules around the solute. More detailed calculations of inter- and intra-mol…
Unraveling the LiNbO3 X-cut surface by atomic force microscopy and density functional theory
2014
The ${\text{LiNbO}}_{3}$(2$\overline{1}\overline{1}0$) surface, commonly referred to as X-cut, is investigated by means of atomic force microscopy and first-principles calculations. Atomically resolved atomic force microscopy images show geometrical patterns not compatible with truncated bulk terminations. Fast Fourier transformation of the real-space images shows an oblique surface unit cell with lattice parameters of $a=0.75\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$ nm, $b=0.54\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$ nm, and $\ensuremath{\alpha}=94.{8}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$. Comparing these experimental results with the theoretical models of stable surface terminations provides clear evidence for the for…
Positive Psychological Assessment in Latin America
2014
This chapter describes the development and adaptation of instruments to assess Positive Psychology’s constructs in Latin America. Results from the conducted literature review are presented according to PP pillars, as proposed by Seligman: positive emotions, positive traits, positive institutions and positive relationships. The criteria used to analyze the assessment instruments found included country’s contribution, number of tests locally developed vs adapted tests, psychometric properties of assessment instruments and theoretical models in which tests are grounded.
THE COST AS THE MAIN DETERMINANT OF THE LOCATION OF LOGSTICS CENTERS
2018
Apropriate location of the logistics center allows entrepreneurs to significantly reduce the costs of transport. On the other hand, it has a positive impact on the development of the transport infrastructure of the region.This paper presents the practical aspects of the localization problem of logistics center with the use of a geographic information system. It shows differences between theoretical models, the needs of decision-makers, and the data available to make the necessary calculations. The results of computational experiments were introduced to illustrate the effects of this approach.