Search results for "Thermal"

showing 10 items of 3576 documents

Kinetics of phase transitions in vitreous chalcogenide semiconductors AsxSe100m-x-yBiyas studied by the differential thermal analysis and exoelectron…

2011

Kinetics of glass transition (retrification) in chalcogenide semiconductors AsxSe100-x-yBy (x = 20 or 30, and y = 0 and 1) has been investigated by parallel differential thermal analysis (DTA) and exoelectron emission (EEE) measurements. EEE is a surface effect accompanying the structural transformations in the surface layer, whereas the DTA technique gives information about the transformations occurring in the volume of the sample. Temperature dependencies of the DTA signal and of the EEE intensity have been determined and the values of the activation energy for both the volume and the surface retrification have been determined by the Ozawa method for each of the four investigated material…

HistoryPhase transitionMaterials scienceChalcogenideAnalytical chemistryActivation energyComputer Science ApplicationsEducationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDifferential thermal analysisThermal stabilitySurface layerGlass transitionExoelectron emissionJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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On the thermal instability in a horizontal rectangular porous channel heated from below by a constant flux

2014

Published version of an article in the journal: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/501/1/012003 Open Access The onset of thermoconvective instability in a rectangular horizontal channel filled with a fluid-saturated porous medium is studied. The channel is heated from below with a constant flux. The top wall is maintained at a uniform constant temperature, while the lateral boundaries are permeable and perfectly conducting. The stability of the basic motionless state is analysed with respect to small-amplitude disturbances. The eigenvalue problem for the neutral stability condition is solved analytically for the n…

HistorySeries (mathematics)Chemistryhorizontal channelFluxMechanicsthermoconvective instabilityVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Physics: 430Computer Science ApplicationsEducationPorous channelRAYLEIGH–BÉNARD PROBLEMPhysics::Fluid DynamicsRECTANGULAR DUCTClassical mechanicsPOROUS MEDIUMEIGENVALUESThermal instabilityLINEAR STABILITY ANALYSISConstant (mathematics)pos medium
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Forecasting green roofs’ potential in improving building thermal performance and mitigating urban heat island in the Mediterranean area: An artificia…

2023

Green roofs are widely used in hot or cold climates mainly because they are capable to improve the energy efficiency of buildings and, when implemented at a large scale, reducing air pollution and the urban heat island effect (UHI) in urban contexts. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) black-box algorithms are a valid alternative to studying complex systems. However, the literature highlights - quite surprisingly – none of the available research refers to coupling ANNs and green roofs in the Mediterranean area, where green roofs are instead considered one of the most suitable technologies to reduce the high cooling demand. Therefore, the objective of this research work is to create and validate…

HistorySettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleUrban heat IslandPolymers and PlasticsArtificial IntelligenceGreen roofThermal performanceEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyBusiness and International ManagementMediterranean areaIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringApplied Thermal Engineering
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Cold Leg LBLOCA uncertainty analysis using TRACE/DAKOTA coupling

2022

Abstract Safety analyses for nuclear power plants were carried out in the past using a conservative approach. With the increase of the phenomenological knowledge, through experimental data, and computational power, it became possible to adopt best estimate thermal- hydraulic system codes to perform deterministic safety analyses. However, some uncertainties are still present in the models, correlations, initial and boundary conditions, etc. Therefore, it is fundamental to quantify the uncertainty of calculation. This approach is called “Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty” (BEPU). Among the available uncertainty analysis methodologies, the probabilistic method to propagate input uncertainty is wi…

HistoryThermal-hydraulicsSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariComputer Science ApplicationsEducationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Thermal activated carrier transfer between InAs quantum dots in very low density samples

2010

In this work we develop a detailed experimental study of the exciton recombination dynamics as a function of temperature on QD-ensembles and single QDs in two low density samples having 16.5 and 25 dots/¼m2. We corroborate at the single QD level the limitation of the exciton recombination time in the smallest QDs of the distribution by thermionic emission (electron emission in transient conditions). A portion of these emitted carriers is retrapped again in other (larger) QDs, but not very distant from those emitting the carriers, because the process is limited by the diffusion length at the considered temperature.

HistoryWork (thermodynamics)Condensed Matter::Otherbusiness.industryChemistryExcitonThermionic emissionElectron66.30.H- Self-diffusion and ionic conduction in nonmetals78.67.Hc Quantum dotsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectMolecular physicsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationCondensed Matter::Materials Science78.55.Cr III-V semiconductorsQuantum dotThermalOptoelectronics71.35.-y Excitons and related phenomenaDiffusion (business)businessRecombination79.40.+z Thermionic emissionJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the Sc K-edge EXAFS of scandium trifluoride

2016

Scandium fluoride ScF3 has a simple cubic structure and attracts attention due to its large negative thermal expansion (NTE) over a wide range of temperatures (0-1100 K). In this study we present ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations of ScF3 and their validation using the Sc K-edge EXAFS spectra in the temperature range from 300 K to 1000 K measured at the XAFS beamline of ELETTRA. The obtained results allow an assessement of the employed AIMD model and provide insight into the local structure and the lattice dynamics of ScF3 beyond the harmonic approximation. A strong anisotropy of the fluorine atom vibrations in the direction orthogonal to the -Sc-F-Sc- chain is observed. An exp…

Historychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyCrystal structureAtmospheric temperature rangeCubic crystal system021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyScandium fluoride01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationX-ray absorption fine structureCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryNegative thermal expansionK-edge0103 physical sciencesScandium010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Hop (Humulus lupulus L.): Suitability of Traditional Cultivars to a Low-Trellis Farming System in a Semiarid Environment

2022

Humulus lupulus is a dioecious twining herb, with an outstanding vertical development capacity. Hop plants are usually grown on trellises up to 4.5 to 6.0 m high, whose management requires intense use of water, fertilizers, pesticides, and labor. In semiarid Mediterranean areas, where native resources are often scarce, the adoption of low-trellis farming systems could be a sustainable option for hop cultivation. With the aim of evaluating hop suitability to low-trellis cultivation in a Mediterranean environment, in 2018 and 2019 three traditional hop genotypes (‘Cascade’, ‘Chinook’, and ‘Nugget’) were grown, and their development rate was evaluated and put in relation with the plants’ cone,…

Horticulturecrop production hop growth rate hop productivity low-trellis system mulching treatment thermal sumsSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbacee
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Thermoplastic Properties of Endodontic Gutta-percha: A Thermographic In Vitro Study

2014

Abstract Introduction Endodontic gutta-percha undergoes deformation at temperatures above 65°C. The temperature influence of heat carriers on gutta-percha cones was investigated in vitro. Methods Six single-rooted extracted teeth were embedded in resin and fixed. The root canals were prepared (ProFile; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaiques, Switzerland) to different tapers and bisected. Thermographic images when heating the gutta-percha cones (Roeko, Langenau, Germany) with a heat carrier (ML .12; SybronEndo, Orange, CA) at 1 and 5 mm from the working length were made with an infrared thermal imaging camera (ThermaCam P640; Flir Systems, Taby, Sweden). The device temperature was preset at 200°C. T…

Hot TemperatureMaterials scienceThermoplasticSurface PropertiesHeat carrierIn Vitro TechniquesRoot Canal Filling MaterialsThermal conductivityRoot Canal ObturationMaterials TestingHumansIn vitro studyTooth RootComposite materialMean radiant temperaturePenetration depthGeneral Dentistrychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyThermal ConductivityGutta-perchabiology.organism_classificationIncisorchemistryThermographyInfrared thermal imagingGutta-PerchaRoot Canal PreparationJournal of Endodontics
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Extremely rapid acclimation of Escherichia coli to high temperature over a few generations of a fed-batch culture during slow warming

2014

This study aimed to demonstrate that adequate slow heating rate allows two strains of Escherichia coli rapid acclimation to higher temperature than upper growth and survival limits known to be strain-dependent. A laboratory (K12-TG1) and an environmental (DPD3084) strain of E. coli were subjected to rapid (few seconds) or slow warming (1 degrees C 12 h(-1)) in order to (re) evaluate upper survival and growth limits. The slow warming was applied from the ancestral temperature 37 degrees C to total cell death 46-54 degrees C: about 30 generations were propagated. Upper survival and growth limits for rapid warming (46 degrees C) were lower than for slow warming (46-54 degrees C). The thermal l…

Hot TemperatureMembrane FluidityAcclimatizationslow warmingBiologymedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyAcclimatizationProtein Structure SecondaryHot Temperature03 medical and health sciencesAcclimation;Escherichia coli;slow warming;thermal nicheBotanymedicineEscherichia coli[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringEscherichia coliOriginal Research030304 developmental biologyBacteriological Techniques0303 health sciencesStrain (chemistry)030306 microbiologyEscherichia coli ProteinsTotal cellBacterial LoadFed-batch cultureBatch Cell Culture Techniques13. Climate actionBiophysicsThermal limitthermal nicheRandom mutationAcclimation
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Solvent Exchange in Thermally Stable Resorcinarene Nanotubes

2006

The assembly of C-methyl resorcinarene into a tubular supramolecular solid-state structure, its thermal stability, and its hosting properties are reported. Careful control of the crystallisation conditions of C-methyl resorcinarene and 1,4-dimethyl-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (1,4-dimethyl DABCO) dibromide leads to a formation of two crystallographically different, but structurally very similar, solid-state nanotube structures. These structures undergo a remarkable variety of supramolecular interactions, which lead to the formation of 0.5 nm diameter nonpolar tubes through the crystal lattice. The formation of these tubes is templated by suitably sized small alcohols, namely, n-propano…

Hot TemperatureNanotubesPhenylalanineOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryMolecular ConformationSupramolecular chemistryGeneral ChemistryDABCOCrystal structureResorcinareneCrystal engineeringPiperazinesCatalysisSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistrySolventsThermal stabilityCalixarenesCrystallizationOctaneChemistry - A European Journal
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