Search results for "Thyroid carcinoma"
showing 10 items of 69 documents
BRAF(V600E) MUTATION AND THE BIOLOGY OF PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER
2008
BRAF((V600E)) mutation is the most frequent genetic alteration in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) that are 80-90% of all thyroid cancers. We evaluated the relationship between BRAF((V600E)) and tumor, host, and environmental factors in PTCs from all geographical areas of Sicily. By PCR, BRAF((V600E)) was investigated in a series of 323 PTCs diagnosed in 2002-2005. The correlation between clinicopathological tumor, host, and environmental characteristics and the presence of BRAF((V600E)) were evaluated by both univariate and multivariate analyses. BRAF((V600E)) was found in 38.6% PTCs, with a 52% frequency in the classical PTCs and 26.4% in the tall cell variant. Univariate analysis indi…
Risk Profiles and Penetrance Estimations in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A Caused by Germline RET Mutations Located in Exon 10
2010
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is characterized by germline mutations in RET. For exon 10, comprehensive molecular and corresponding phenotypic data are scarce. The International RET Exon 10 Consortium, comprising 27 centers from 15 countries, analyzed patients with RET exon 10 mutations for clinical-risk profiles. Presentation, age-dependent penetrance, and stage at presentation of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma, and hyperparathyroidism were studied. A total of 340 subjects from 103 families, age 4-86, were registered. There were 21 distinct single nucleotide germline mutations located in codons 609 (45 subjects), 611 (50), 618 (94), and 620 (151). MTC was present…
Immunohistochemistry Differentiates Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Arising in Ectopic Thyroid Tissue from Secondary Lymph Node Metastases
2007
Objective: To verify whether immunohistochemistry might be useful in the distinction between a true laterocervical metastasis of an undetected thyroid carcinoma and a primary tumor outside the gland. Design: Galectin-3, cytokeratin 19, and HBME-1 were assessed in six cases (group A) of laterocervical masses harboring papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) but without a thyroid tumor, and in eight cases (group B) showing PTC both in the thyroid and in the laterocervical masses. In both groups, normal-looking follicles adjacent to the laterocervical neoplasia were present. Main outcome: We found that the apparently normal follicles in group A were negative for all the antibodies, while group B sho…
False-positive I-131 whole-body imaging after I-131 therapy for a follicular carcinoma.
1997
A 57-year-old man was treated with ablative radioiodine therapy for follicular thyroid carcinoma. The post-therapeutic whole body scans detected radionuclide accumulation in the area of the right occiput at the site of a cranial defect. The defect was caused by trauma in 1964. Bone scintigraphy did not show increased uptake in this area. Magnetic resonance imaging showed porencephaly, but it did not show a metasasis.
Differential Clinicopathological Risk and Prognosis of Major Papillary Thyroid Cancer Variants
2015
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Medullary thyroid carcinoma in a 2-month-old male with multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B and symptoms of pseudo-Hirschsprung disease: a case report
2007
A 5-week-old male patient was seen for symptoms suggestive of Hirschsprung disease (abdominal distension, failure to thrive, and explosive defecation). Rectum biopsies revealed an intestinal ganglioneuromatosis, which is usually associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome type 2B. The ensuing molecular genetic analysis revealed a M918T mutation of the RET protooncogene, which is associated with early-onset medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Therefore, total thyroidectomy and central lymphadenectomy were performed at the age of 9 weeks. Histology showed a medullary microcarcinoma. This report of MTC occurrence within the first weeks of life underlines the importance of early …
Targeted use of intraoperative frozen-section analysis lowers the frequency of completion thyroidectomy
2021
Abstract Background The impact of intraoperative frozen section (iFS) analysis on the frequency of completion thyroidectomy for the management of thyroid carcinoma is controversial. Although specialized endocrine centres have published their respective results, there are insufficient data from primary and secondary healthcare levels. The aim of this study was to analyse the utility of iFS analysis. Methods In the Prospective Evaluation Study Thyroid Surgery (PETS) 2 study, 22 011 operations for benign and malignant thyroid disease were registered prospectively in 68 European hospitals from 1 July 2010 to 31 December 2012. Group 1 consisted of 569 patients from University Medical Centre (UMC…
Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma with concurrent thyroid carcinoma: a case report
2008
Abstract Introduction Thyroglossal duct carcinoma is a very rare finding and its presentation is similar to that of a benign cyst, which is a relatively common developmental abnormality that may manifest as a midline, neck mass. In general the diagnosis of thyroglossal duct carcinoma is based on the pathologic examination of the mass, but needle aspiration cytology, ultrasound and computed tomography play a role in the differential diagnosis of malignancy. Case presentation A further case of thyroglossal duct carcinoma and concurrent thyroid carcinoma with locoregional lymph node metastases affecting a 40-year-old woman followed up for 4 years is presented and discussed. Conclusion Sistrunk…
PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in thyroid follicular epithelial dysplasia : Hashimoto thyroiditis related atypia and potential papillary carcinoma precurs…
2022
Programmed cell death ligand (PD-L1)/PD-1 expression has been studied in a variety of cancers and blockage of PD-L1/PD-1 pathway is a cornerstone of immunotherapy. We studied PD-L1/PD-1 immunohistochemical expression in 47 thyroid gland specimens in groups of (1) Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) only; (2) HT and follicular epithelial dysplasia (FED); and (3) HT, FED, and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). PD-1 positivity was found in immune cells, namely in lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells with mean values for lymphocytes and macrophages 9% in HT group, 4% in FED group, and 4% in PTC group. PD-L1 positivity was identified in both immune cells and in the normal epithelial cells. In the H…
Tumorigenic and metastatic activity of human thyroid cancer stem cells
2010
Abstract Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy and the first cause of death among endocrine cancers. We show that the tumorigenic capacity in thyroid cancer is confined in a small subpopulation of stem-like cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDHhigh) activity and unlimited replication potential. ALDHhigh cells can be expanded indefinitely in vitro as tumor spheres, which retain the tumorigenic potential upon delivery in immunocompromised mice. Orthotopic injection of minute numbers of thyroid cancer stem cells recapitulates the behavior of the parental tumor, including the aggressive metastatic features of undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas, which are sustained by…