Search results for "Time factor"
showing 10 items of 3219 documents
Docetaxel plus prednisone in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer: An Italian clinical experience
2011
Aims and Background: We investigated the efficacy of docetaxel plus prednisone in Italian patients with metastatic hormone- refractory prostate cancer (mHRPC). Methods: Twenty four patients with mHRPC received docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks plus prednisone 5 mg twice daily for up to six cycles. The primary endpoint was efficacy measured by a reduction in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and measurable disease. Evaluation of toxicity, quality of life and reduction of pain were secondary endpoints. Results: PSA response was seen in 18 patients (75%). We observed a partial response in 2 patients (8.3%), stable disease in 10 patients (41.7%), and disease progression in 12 patients…
Usefulness of ileostomy defunctioning stoma after anterior resection of rectum on prevention of anastomotic leakage A retrospective analysis
2016
Anastomotic leakage is one of the major complications occurring after anterior resection of rectum. A defunctioning stoma is usually created routinely or on surgeons' discretion. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of temporary ileostomy to prevent anastomotic leakage comparing the postoperative course of patients with and without defunctioning loop ileostomy.Patients that underwent anterior resection of rectum were recruited. 140 patients were enrolled and divided in two groups: patients without and with defunctioning loop ileostomy. Patients' characteristics and other useful data were recorded. A comparison between the two groups was made. The minimum follow-up was 11 …
Surgical repair of popliteal artery aneurysms remains a safe treatment option in the endovascular era: a 10-year single-center study
2012
Introduction: Endovascular popliteal artery aneurysm repair has emerged recently as a feasible alternative to standard surgical repair. However the evidence from the literature is still limited, with only case reports, case series and one small randomized trial. Currently these data suggest the use of stent-grafts in patients at very high surgical risk. The purpose of this study is to present our surgical experience in popliteal artery aneurysm repair in an era of endovascular philosophy. Materials and Methods: Data from 36 consecutive patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2000 to April 2010, were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-six patients underwent surgical treatment t…
β-Amyloid-induced activation of Caspase-3 in primary cultures of rat neurons
2000
It is known that beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) contributes to the neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and operates through activation of an apoptotic pathway. Apoptotic signal is driven by a family of cysteine proteases called caspases. The beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) is directly and efficiently cleaved by caspases during apoptosis, resulting in elevated beta-amyloid peptide formation. Cerebellar neurons from rat pups were treated with the aged Abeta(25-35) at 1 and 5 microM and fluorescence assays of caspase activity performed over 4 days. We observed an increase in caspase activity after 48 h treatment in both 1 and 5 microM treated cells, then (72-96 h) caspase activity…
Pharmacological intervention in age-associated brain disorders by Flupirtine: Alzheimer’s and Prion diseases
1998
Alzheimer's disease, a major form of dementia in the elderly has become an increasingly important health problem in developed countries. In vitro studies on primary neurons demonstrate that Flupirtine (Katadolon) at a concentration of 1 microg/ml, significantly reduces the neurotoxic (apoptotic) effect displayed by A beta25-35, a segment of the amyloid beta-protein precursor the etiologic agent of Alzheimer's disease. Flupirtine, which has been in clinical use since 10 years ago, prevents the toxic effect of PrP, the presumed etiologic agent of the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease as well as the excitatory amino acid glutamate on cortical neurons. Flupirtine displays a bimodal activity. Its strong…
Differential cysteine depletion in respiratory chain complexes enables the distinction of longevity from aerobicity.
2010
Mitochondrially encoded proteins in long-lived animals exhibit a characteristic anomaly on the amino acid usage level: they abstain from the use of cysteine in a lifespan-dependent fashion. Here, we have further investigated this phenomenon by analyzing respiratory chain complex subunits individually. We find that complex I cysteine depletion is the almost exclusive carrier of the cysteine-lifespan correlation, whereas complex IV cysteine depletion is uniform in all aerobic animals, unrelated to longevity, but even more pronounced than complex I cysteine depletion in the longest-lived species. In nuclear encoded subunits of the respiratory chain, we find lifespan-independent cysteine deplet…
Developmental Changes and Daily Rhythm in Melatonin-Induced Inhibition of 3′,5′-Cyclic AMP Accumulation in the Rat Pituitary
1990
Melatonin's transduction mechanisms were investigated using in vitro cultured anterior hemipituitaries. Melatonin inhibited cAMP and 3',5'-cyclic GMP accumulation in neonatal rat anterior pituitary stimulated with LHRH. Maximal inhibitory effect was reached within 25 min and persisted for at least 20 min. Inhibition of cAMP accumulation is specific for melatonin because its analogs N-acetylserotonin and 5-methoxytryptamine are 1000 times less potent. Melatonin effect is age- and time-dependent. Marked inhibition was observed in 5-, 10-, and 14-day-old rats but not in 29-day-old ones. Melatonin was significantly more potent when applied at the end of the light period as compared with the fir…
What are the roles of calorie restriction and diet quality in promoting healthy longevity?
2014
Epidemiological and experimental data indicate that diet plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many age-associated chronic diseases, and in the biology of aging itself. Data from several animal studies suggest that the degree and time of calorie restriction (CR) onset, the timing of food intake as well as diet composition, play major roles in promoting health and longevity, breaking the old dogma that only calorie intake is important in extending healthy lifespan. Data from human studies indicate that long-term CR with adequate intake of nutrients results in several metabolic adaptations that reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cance…
Endogenous Hormones, Muscle Strength, and Risk of Fall-Related Fractures in Older Women
2006
Background. Among older people, fracture-causing fall often leads to health deterioration. The role of endogenous hormone status and muscle strength on fall-related fracture risk is unclear. This study investigates if, after adjustment for bone density, endogenous hormones and muscle strength would predict fall-related limb fracture incidence in older community-dwelling women followed-up over 10 years. Methods. As a part of a prospective population-based study, 187 75-year-old women were investigated. Serum estradiol, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations were analyzed, and isometric muscle strength and bone mineral density were assess…
Effects of strength and endurance training on isometric muscle strength and walking speed in elderly women
1996
The separate effects of 18 weeks of intensive strength and endurance training on isometric knee extension (KE) and flexion (KF) strength and walking speed were studied in 76- to 78- year-old women. Maximal voluntary isometric force for both KE and KF was measured in a sitting position on a custom-made dynamometer chair at a knee angle of 60 degrees from full extension. Maximal walking speed was measured over a distance of 10 m. The endurance-trained women increased KE torque and KE torque/body mass after the first 9 weeks of training when compared with the controls. when comparing the baseline, 9 week and 18 week measurements within the groups separately, both the endurance- and strength-tr…