Search results for "Toni"

showing 10 items of 8001 documents

Ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices

2005

Artificial crystals of light, consisting of hundreds of thousands of optical microtraps, are routinely created by interfering optical laser beams. These so-called optical lattices act as versatile potential landscapes to trap ultracold quantum gases of bosons and fermions. They form powerful model systems of quantum many-body systems in periodic potentials for probing nonlinear wave dynamics and strongly correlated quantum phases, building fundamental quantum gates or observing Fermi surfaces in periodic potentials. Optical lattices represent a fast-paced modern and interdisciplinary field of research.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsbusiness.industryOptical physicsPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFermionQuantum phasesPhysicistQuantum gateQuantum mechanicsPhotonicsbusinessQuantumBosonNature Physics
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Collective behavior ofMbosonic modes interacting with a single two-level atom

1988

The Hamiltonian describing, without the rotating-wave approximation (RWA), the linear interaction between M bosonic modes with an Einstein spectrum and a single two-level atom is exactly and canonically transformed introducing M suitable collective independent field modes, in such a way that only one among them is coupled to the atom. Some physical consequences of this fact are analyzed and, in particular, the existence of radiation-trapping phenomena together with the possibility of atomic absorption suppression is established. The applicability of the RWA to this system is discussed and the importance of the effective-field statistics for the time evolution of the system is pointed out.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicssymbols.namesakeCollective behaviorQuantum mechanicsAtomsymbolsTime evolutionNonlinear opticsEinsteinHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Physical Review A
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Three-mode two-boson Jaynes–Cummings model in trapped ions

2006

In this paper, we analyse a two-boson three-mode Jaynes–Cummings model which can be implemented in the context of trapped ions. The symmetries of the Hamiltonian are brought to light and analysed in detail in order to solve the eigenvalue problem. The calculation of the time evolution operator shows the possibility of realizing interesting applications, such as the generation of nonclassical states.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesStatistics and ProbabilityPhysicsSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciJaynes–Cummings modelsuperposition (mathematics)modesGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsQuantum PhysicsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaIonsymbols.namesakeharmonic oscillatorModeling and SimulationQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsHomogeneous spacesymbolsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Mathematical PhysicsEigenvalues and eigenvectorsBosonJournal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical
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Supersolid Behavior of Light

2008

We will show how light can form stationary structures on dielectric periodic media such that their dynamics present simultaneous features of spatial long range order and superfluidity. This phenomenon is normally referred to as supersolidity.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesSuperfluidityPhysicsSupersolidCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter::OtherNonlinear opticsSelf-focusingDielectricPhotonic crystalFrontiers in Optics 2008/Laser Science XXIV/Plasmonics and Metamaterials/Optical Fabrication and Testing
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Recent advances in the development of holey optical fibers based on sulfide glasses

2006

International audience; Microstructured optical fibers as new optical objects have been developed in the recent past years, firstly from silica glass and then from other oxide glasses such as tellurite or different heavy cations oxide glasses. However very few results have been reported concerning non-oxide glasses and more particularly chalcogenide glasses. In a photonic crystal fiber the arrangement of air holes along the transverse section of the fiber around a solid glassy core leads to unique optical properties, such as for example broadband single-mode guidance, adjustable dispersion, nonlinear properties. Since the effective modal area is adjustable thanks to geometrical parameters, …

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchalcogenidesulfideoptical fibersmicrostructured fibersphotonic crystal fibersglasses CHALCOGENIDE GLASSESTELECOMMUNICATIONSPhysics::OpticsMULTIPOLE METHODholey fibersCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
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SPATIAL MULTIFRACTALITY OF ELECTRONIC STATES AND THE METAL-INSULATOR TRANSITION IN DISORDERED SYSTEMS

1993

For the investigation of the spatial behavior of electronic wave functions in disordered systems, we employ the Anderson model of localization. The eigenstates of the corresponding Hamiltonian are calculated numerically by means of the Lanczos algorithm and are analyzed with respect to their spatial multifractal properties. We find that the wave functions show spatial multifractality for all parameter cases not too far away from the metal-insulator transition (MIT) which separates localized from extended states in this model. Exactly at the MIT, multifractality is expected to exist on all length scales larger than the lattice spacing. It is found that the corresponding singularity spectrum…

Condensed matter physicsApplied MathematicsLanczos algorithmMultifractal systemCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networkssymbols.namesakeModeling and SimulationsymbolsProbability distributionCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGeometry and TopologyStatistical physicsMetal–insulator transitionSingularity spectrumWave functionHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Anderson impurity modelMathematicsFractals
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Magnetic exchange interaction in a pair of orbitally degenerate ions: Magnetic anisotropy of [Ti2Cl9]−3

2001

The theory of the kinetic exchange in a pair of orbitally degenerate ions developed by the authors [J. Phys. Chem. A 102, 200 (1998)] is applied to the case of face-shared bioctahedral dimer (overall D3h-symmetry). The effective kinetic exchange Hamiltonian is found for a 2T2–2T2 system taking into account all relevant transfer pathways and charge-transfer crystal field states. The influence of different transfer integrals involved in the kinetic exchange on the energy pattern and magnetic properties of the system is examined. The role of other related interactions (trigonal crystal field, spin–orbit coupling) is also discussed in detail. Using the pseudoangular momentum representation and …

Condensed matter physicsChemistryDegenerate energy levelsGeneral Physics and AstronomyTrigonal crystal systemKinetic energyNegative ionsExchange interactions (electron)Magnetic exchangeIonUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaMagnetic anisotropysymbols.namesakeTitanium compounds ; Magnetic anisotropy ; Negative ions ; Exchange interactions (electron)Quantum mechanicssymbolsTitanium compoundsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Magnetic anisotropy
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Orbitally dependent kinetic exchange in cobalt(II) pairs: origin of the magnetic anisotropy

2003

Abstract A comprehensive theoretical study of the magnetic exchange between Co 2+ ions is reported. Using the microscopic background we deduce the general Hamiltonian for a corner-shared bioctahedral system involving kinetic exchange, spin–orbit coupling and low-symmetry local crystal field. This Hamiltonian acting within orbitally degenerate ground manifold 4 ( T 1g ) A ⊗ 4 ( T 1g ) B of the cobalt pair is expressed in terms of orbital and spin operators. We elucidate the major electronic factors controlling the exchange anisotropy in the Co(II) pairs. The degree of the magnetic anisotropy is shown to depend on the strength of the cubic crystal field and on the relative efficiency of two k…

Condensed matter physicsChemistryDegenerate energy levelsSpin–orbit interactionCubic crystal systemInorganic ChemistryMagnetic anisotropysymbols.namesakeExchange biasMagnetochemistryMaterials ChemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAnisotropyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Polyhedron
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Quantum paraelectric and induced ferroelectric states in

1996

Nominally pure has been studied by dielectric spectroscopy using small (linear regime) as well as large electrical fields (non-linear regime) up to . In addition measurements of the specific heat and its field-dependent contribution have been carried out. The field dependence of the dielectric constant and the specific heat can be well described by the transverse Ising Hamiltonian including tunnelling and external field terms. It gives evidence for the existence of polar clusters at low temperatures which are supposed to be associated with the quantum paraelectric state below in accord with recent free-energy calculations. The low-field third-harmonic susceptibility which measures the polar…

Condensed matter physicsChemistryDielectricCondensed Matter PhysicsFerroelectricityPolarization densitysymbols.namesakesymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceIsing modelDielectric lossMacroscopic quantum stateHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Quantum tunnellingJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Theoretical investigation of the self-trapped hole in alkali halides. I. Long-range effects within the model hamiltonian approach

1994

A small-radius polaron model of the self-trapped hole (Vk-center) in alkali halide crystals is presented. Along with the usual contributions, the electronic polarization is also included in accordance with the electronic polaron theory of Toyozawa. It is shown that the exact solution of the problem within the Landau-Pekar approximation leads to multi-hole quantum states accompanied by the relevant electronic and lattice polarizations. As an example the KCl crystal is considered, for which the Vk-center structure as well as the self-trapping energy are computed. While solving our equations, the local symmetry of the defect is taken into account allowing us to consider a comparatively spread …

Condensed matter physicsChemistryElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsPolaronElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeExact solutions in general relativityLocal symmetryQuantum stateLattice (order)symbolsWave functionHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)physica status solidi (b)
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