Search results for "Top-down"
showing 7 items of 57 documents
Integracja w dezintegracji i dezintegracja w integracji: determinanty mechanizmów integracyjnych w Unii Europejskiej
2017
W dyskusji o przyszłości UE strategicznym wątkiem stała się kwestia integracji zróżnicowanej, której różne warianty zaczęły jawić się jako modus operandi Unii Europejskiej, co stało się przedmiotem kontrowersji między państwami członkowskimi. Co istotne, debacie poświęconej integracji zróżnicowanej zaczęły towarzyszyć rozważania na temat dezintegracji. W niniejszym artykule podjęta została próba zdefiniowania dezintegracji przy założeniu, że powinna być ona definiowana poprzez integrację, a także iż tak zaprojektowany proces definiowania nie może ograniczać się do wnioskowania o jednotorowej przeciwstawności dezintegracji względem integracji i vice versa. Wynika to z przekonania, że Unia Eu…
Can bureaucrats order public health? The case of Norway
2013
Introduction: The implementation of a new structural reform, the Coordination Reform, prioritizing a new public health agenda, was initiated to develop a more decentralized, integrated health care system in Norway in 2012. The same year, new health legislation was implemented and due to the new Public Health Act the responsibility for implementing a new public health agenda was decentralized to the local level. Historically, due to lack of funding – these issues have got low priority among local authorities. The new public health legislation reflects a shift in policy focus from treatment to illness prevention – where planning and partnership among primary end specialist health care, as wel…
Visual saliency by keypoints distribution analysis
2011
In this paper we introduce a new method for Visual Saliency detection. The goal of our method is to emphasize regions that show rare visual aspects in comparison with those showing frequent ones. We propose a bottom up approach that performs a new technique based on low level image features (texture) analysis. More precisely, we use SIFT Density Maps (SDM), to study the distribution of keypoints into the image with different scales of observation, and its relationship with real fixation points. The hypothesis is that the image regions that show a larger distance from the mode (most frequent value) of the keypoints distribution over all the image are the same that better capture our visual a…
Fish introductions and light modulate food web fluxes in tropical streams : a whole-ecosystem experimental approach
2016
Decades of ecological study have demonstrated the importance of top-down and bottom-up controls on food webs, yet few studies within this context have quantified the magnitude of energy and material fluxes at the whole-ecosystem scale. We examined top-down and bottom-up effects on food web fluxes using a field experiment that manipulated the presence of a consumer, the Trinidadian guppy Poecilia reticulata, and the production of basal resources by thinning the riparian forest canopy to increase incident light. To gauge the effects of these reach-scale manipulations on food web fluxes, we used a nitrogen (15N) stable isotope tracer to compare basal resource treatments (thinned canopy vs. con…
La eutrofización en los lagos someros mediterráneos: aplicabilidad de la DMA y un caso de estudio experimental en mesocosmos
2013
Este trabajo se centra en su mayor parte en el estudio de los efectos más directos de la eutrofización en los lagos someros mediterráneos y en el funcionamiento ecológico de este tipo de lagos cuando son sometidos a un incremento en la carga de nutrientes y a la presencia de peces. El trabajo también aborda el estudio de las metodologías más apropiadas para la evaluación de estos lagos mediante la aplicación de la Directiva Marco Europea del Agua (DMA). Este trabajo tiene dos secciones principales, siendo cada una parte de dos proyectos europeos que incluían lagos someros de distintas localidades europeas:(1) El proyecto SWALE que pretendía establecer las diferencias en el funcionamiento ec…
Using Temporal Expectation to Assess Auditory Streaming in Mice
2018
Auditory streaming is the process by which environmental sound is segregated into discrete perceptual objects. The auditory system has a remarkable capability in this regard as revealed in psychophysical experiments in humans and other primates. However, little is known about the underlying neuronal mechanisms, in part because of the lack of suitable behavioural paradigms in non-primate species. The mouse is an increasingly popular model for studying the neural mechanisms of perception and action because of the range of molecular tools enabling precise manipulation of neural circuitry. Here we present a novel behavioural task that can be used to assess perceptual aspects of auditory streami…
Profiling Dopamine-Induced Oxidized Proteoforms of β-synuclein by Top-Down Mass Spectrometry
2021
The formation of multiple proteoforms by post-translational modifications (PTMs) enables a single protein to acquire distinct functional roles in its biological context. Oxidation of methionine residues (Met) is a common PTM, involved in physiological (e.g., signaling) and pathological (e.g., oxidative stress) states. This PTM typically maps at multiple protein sites, generating a heterogeneous population of proteoforms with specific biophysical and biochemical properties. The identification and quantitation of the variety of oxidized proteoforms originated under a given condition is required to assess the exact molecular nature of the species responsible for the process under investigation…