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showing 10 items of 2844 documents
Are Asthmatics Enrolled in Randomized Trials Representative of Real-Life Outpatients?
2014
<b><i>Background/Objective:</i></b> This study was aimed at exploring to what extent populations enrolled in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of inhalation combination treatment for mild/moderate asthma in adults are fully representative of ‘real-life' populations. The following is a retrospective analysis of the clinical records of outpatient subjects with an ascertained diagnosis of asthma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective analysis was performed. Stable conditions, such as smoking habit and chronic diseases other than asthma, were identified as exclusion criteria for RCTs. The selected criteria were then applied to asthmatic outpati…
Emotional eating as a mediator between anxiety and cholesterol in population with overweight and hypertension
2016
Although the relationship between cholesterol and mood states (especially anxiety) has been well studied, few researches have included the role of eating styles in this relationship. This study explored the associations among eating styles, negative emotional symptoms, and levels of cholesterol (and other medical variables) in a population with hypertension and overweight or obesity, analyzing the possible mediation mechanisms involved. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 68 adults with hypertension and overweight/obesity, and stepwise multiple regression analysis and mediation analyses were carried out to test the hypothesis that eating styles mediate the relationship between negative…
A Phase I–II Study on the Toxicity and Therapeutic Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil in Combination with Leucovorin and Cisplatinum in Patients with Advance…
1990
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has been the treatment of choice for colorectal carcinoma with an overall response rate of about 20%. Recent studies have shown that folate (LV) can increase 5-FU therapeutic efficacy, achieving about a 40% response rate without a clear impact on survival. Cisplatinum (CDDP) is usually inactive in colorectal carcinoma, but the association with 5-FU results in a synergistic antineoplastic effect. A phase I-II study was done to assess the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of CDDP in association with 5-FU + LV. The MTD for CDDP was 20 mg/m2/wk in association with 5-FU 400-500 mg/m2/wk and LV 500 mg/m2/wk. WHO criteria were used for evaluation of both toxicity and response. I…
Clinical and neuroimaging findings in 33 patients with MCAP syndrome: A survey to evaluate relevant endpoints for future clinical trials
2021
Megalencephaly-CApillary malformation-Polymicrogyria (MCAP) syndrome results from somatic mosaic gain-of-function variants in PIK3CA. Main features are macrocephaly, somatic overgrowth, cutaneous vascular malformations, connective tissue dysplasia, neurodevelopmental delay, and brain anomalies. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical and radiological features of MCAP, to suggest relevant clinical endpoints applicable in future trials of targeted drug therapy. Based on a French collaboration, we collected clinical features of 33 patients (21 females, 12 males, median age of 9.9 years) with MCAP carrying mosaic PIK3CA pathogenic variants. MRI images were reviewed for 21 pat…
Direct pericyte-to-neuron reprogramming via unfolding of a neural stem cell-like program
2018
Ectopic expression of defined transcription factors can force direct cell-fate conversion from one lineage to another in the absence of cell division. Several transcription factor cocktails have enabled successful reprogramming of various somatic cell types into induced neurons (iNs) of distinct neurotransmitter phenotype. However, the nature of the intermediate states that drive the reprogramming trajectory toward distinct iN types is largely unknown. Here we show that successful direct reprogramming of adult human brain pericytes into functional iNs by Ascl1 and Sox2 encompasses transient activation of a neural stem cell-like gene expression program that precedes bifurcation into distinct…
Corneal confocal scanning laser microscopy in patients with dry eye disease treated with topical cyclosporine
2017
Purpose To investigate the effect of cyclosporine on corneal ultrastructure and on major signs and symptoms of patients with dry eye disease.Patients and methods In this prospective cohort study, patients with dry eye disease were treated with a drop of cyclosporine 0.05% twice daily. Clinical evaluation was carried out at baseline and at months 1, 3, and 6. All patients completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, and tear film break-up time (BUT), fluorescein and lissamine green staining, and Schirmer test were carried out. In vivo confocal microscopy was also performed and epithelial cellular density, keratocyte activation, and subbasal plexus morphology were assessed…
The WHO guidelines for chronic hepatitis B fail to detect half of the patients in need of treatment in Ethiopia
2019
Background & Aims In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in low- and middle-income countries, but little is known about the applicability of the WHO treatment criteria in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the WHO guidelines in a large CHB cohort in Ethiopia. Methods Treatment-naive adults who attended a public CHB clinic in Addis Ababa were included in this analysis. All patients underwent a standardized evaluation at recruitment, including blood tests and transient elastography (Fibroscan®). A Fibroscan result >7.9 kPa was used to define significant fibrosis and >9.…
Dietary inflammatory index and all-cause mortality in large cohorts: The SUN and PREDIMED studies
2019
[Background]: Inflammation is known to be related to the leading causes of death including cardiovascular disease, several types of cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression-suicide and other chronic diseases. In the context of whole dietary patterns, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) was developed to appraise the inflammatory potential of the diet. [Objective]: We prospectively assessed the association between DII scores and all-cause mortality in two large Spanish cohorts and valuated the consistency of findings across these two cohorts and results published based on other cohorts.
Therapeutic role of music listening in stroke rehabilitation.
2009
We performed two parallel interview studies of stroke patients (n= 20) and professional nurses (n= 5) to gain more insight into the therapeutic role of music listening in stroke rehabilitation. Results suggest that music listening can be used to relax, improve mood, and provide both physical and mental activation during the early stages of recovery from stroke. Thus, music listening could provide a useful clinical tool in stroke rehabilitation.
The effects of mindfulness training on weight-loss and health-related behaviours in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-…
2016
International audience; The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive quantitative synthesis of the effects of mindfulness training interventions on weight-loss and health behaviors in adults with overweight and obesity using meta-analytic techniques. Studies included in the analysis (n = 12) were randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of any form of mindfulness training on weight loss, impulsive eating, binge eating, or physical activity participation in adults with overweight and obesity. Random effects meta-analysis revealed that mindfulness training had no significant effect on weight loss, but an overall negative effect on impulsive eating (d = –1.13) and binge e…