Search results for "Tort"

showing 10 items of 734 documents

Moral Attitudes Toward Pharmacological Cognitive Enhancement (PCE): Differences and Similarities Among Germans With and Without PCE Experience

2018

Pharmacological cognitive enhancement (PCE), the use of illicit and/or prescription drugs to increase cognitive performance, has spurred controversial discussion in bioethics. In a semi-structured interview study with 60 German university students and employees, differences and similarities in moral attitudes toward PCE among 30 experienced participants (EPs) vs. 30 inexperienced participants (IPs) were investigated. Substances EPs used most often are methylphenidate, amphetamines, tetrahydrocannabinol and modafinil. Both EPs and IPs addressed topics such as autonomous decision making or issues related to fairness such as equality in test evaluation and distortion of competition. While most…

Philosophy & psychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectfairness050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesIndividualism0302 clinical medicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPharmacology (medical)Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performanceMedical prescriptionautonomymedia_commonPharmacologypharmacological cognitive enhancement05 social scienceslcsh:RM1-950StakeholderCognitionCommon senseBioethicsdistortion of competitionethicslcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacologystimulantsddc:100Perspectiveinterview studyPsychologySocial psychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAutonomy
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Relaxation of the field-induced structural anisotropy in a rotating magnetic fluid

2009

The relaxation of field-induced anisotropy in a magnetic fluid with dominant repulsion is theoretically modeled and experimentally measured by small angle neutron scattering on a sample rotating at angular velocity ω. The scattered pattern distortion scales as the Mason number Mn=ω·τq, τq being the q-dependent diffusion time of nanoparticles. The model accounts for the magnetophoretical drift in the non-homogeneous self-magnetic field of the assembly, continuously created by the thermal noise. The Mn-dependence of the pattern distortion is well described without any adjustable parameter.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsField (physics)business.industryRelaxation (NMR)General Physics and AstronomyNanoparticleAngular velocitySmall-angle neutron scatteringOpticsDistortionDiffusion (business)businessAnisotropyEPL (Europhysics Letters)
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Singularities in L^p-quasidisks

2021

We study planar domains with exemplary boundary singularities of the form of cusps. A natural question is how much elastic energy is needed to flatten these cusps; that is, to remove singularities. We give, in a connection of quasidisks, a sharp integrability condition for the distortion function to answer this question. peerReviewed

PhysicsCusp (singularity)Distortion functionPure mathematicsquasidiskmappings of integrable distortionElastic energyBoundary (topology)Of the formArticlesCuspquasiconformalConnection (mathematics)funktioteoriaPlanarcuspGravitational singularityAnnales Fennici Mathematici
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Hybrid (refractive-diffractive) Fourier processor: A novel optical architecture for achromatic processing with broadband point-source illumination

1998

We report on an achromatic Fourier processor constituted basically by a quasi-wavelength-independent imaging forming system whose first half performs an achromatic Fourier transform of the colour input. The novel optical architecture, only formed by a small number of diffractive and refractive lenses, works under white-light point-source illumination and provides an intermediate achromatic real Fraunhofer plane and a final colour image without chromatic distortion. In this way, our optical processor performs simultaneously, with a single filter, the same spatial filtering operation for all the spectral components of the broadband illumination. The practical capabilities of our proposal are …

PhysicsDiffractionSpatial filterbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsFilter (signal processing)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformAchromatic lenslawDistortionBroadbandsymbolsChromatic scaleElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrybusiness
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Lineshape-asymmetry elimination in weak atomic transitions driven by an intense standing wave field

2018

Owing to the ac-Stark effect, the lineshape of a weak optical transition in an atomic beam can become significantly distorted, when driven by an intense standing wave field. We use an Yb atomic beam to study the lineshape of the 6s2 1S0 -> 5d6s 3D1 transition, which is excited with light circulating in a Fabry-Perot resonator. We demonstrate two methods to avoid the distortion of the transition profile. Of these, one relies on the operation of the resonator in multiple longitudinal modes, and the other in multiple transverse modes.

PhysicsField (physics)business.industryAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)media_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesAsymmetryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics - Atomic Physics010309 opticsStanding waveTransverse planeResonatorOpticsExcited stateDistortion0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physics010306 general physicsbusinessPhase modulationmedia_common
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Characterization of Current Transformers in the Presence of Harmonic Distortion

2008

The CTs performance under distorted conditions are usually characterized by means of the frequency response test. In this paper a new way to characterize CTs, closer to real operative conditions, is proposed. The harmonic phase angle and ratio errors are measured when the CTs are excited with a nonsinusoidal current composed of a fundamental and one harmonic, with adjustable phase shift. The errors measured using the new approach were found larger than the ones obtained with the frequency response. This suggests that frequency response is not a reliable method to evaluate the CT performance under distorted conditions.

PhysicsFrequency responseTotal harmonic distortionTransducerAcousticsExcited stateHarmonicHarmonic phaseCurrent transformerCharacterization (materials science)
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New ground state constants of 12CH335Cl and 12CH337Cl from global polyad analysis

2005

Abstract A global analysis of the infrared spectrum of chloromethane involving the ground state and the 13 vibrational states lying up to 2600 cm −1 was recently achieved using high resolution Fourier transform spectra of pure isotopomers. More than 20 000 transitions (cold and hot bands) for each isotopomer 12 CH 3 35 Cl and 12 CH 3 37 Cl have been assigned and fitted with a standard deviation of about 3 × 10 −4  cm −1 close to the experimental precison. As part of this global effort, improved ground state constants up to sextic centrifugal distortion terms have been determined for each isotopomer taking advantage of the numerous allowed and perturtation-allowed transitions simultaneously …

PhysicsInfraredChloromethaneRotational–vibrational spectroscopyPolyadAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsStandard deviationIsotopomerschemistry.chemical_compoundNuclear magnetic resonancechemistryDistortionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsGround stateSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Spectroscopy
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Projection-invariant pattern recognition with a phase-only logarithmic-harmonic-derived filter.

2010

A phase-only filter based on logarithmic harmonics for projection-invariant pattern recognition is presented. This logarithmic-harmonic-derived filter is directly calculated in the Fourier plane. With respect to normal logarithmic-harmonic filters it provides a smaller variation of the correlation intensity with the projection factor of the target. Computer and optical experiments are presented.

PhysicsLogarithmbusiness.industryPlane (geometry)Materials Science (miscellaneous)Mathematical analysisIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformFilter (video)DistortionHarmonicssymbolsHarmonicBusiness and International ManagementbusinessProjection (set theory)Applied optics
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Aberration compensation for objective phase curvature in phase holographic microscopy: comment

2014

In a recent Letter by Seo et al. [Opt. Lett. 37, 4976 (2012)], the numerical correction of the quadratic phase distortion introduced by the microscope objective in digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has been presented. In this comment, we would like to draw to the attention of the authors and the readers in general that this approach could not be the optimal solution for maintaining the accuracy of the quantitative phase via DHM. We recall that the use of telecentric imaging systems in DHM simplifies the numerical processing of the phase images and produces more accurate measurements.

PhysicsMicroscopebusiness.industryPhase (waves)HolographyImage processingÒpticaAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOpticslawDistortionMicroscopyDigital holographic microscopybusinessDigital holographyOptics Letters
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$\gamma W$-box Inside-Out: Nuclear Polarizabilities Distort the Beta Decay Spectrum

2019

I consider the $\gamma W$-box correction to superallowed nuclear $\beta$-decays in the framework of dispersion relations. I address a novel effect of a distortion of the emitted electron energy spectrum by nuclear polarizabilities and show that this effect, while neglected in the literature, is sizable. I estimate its size in the approximation of a linear energy dependence, and using two models that are expected to give the lower and the upper bound. The respective correction to the $\beta^+$ spectrum is estimated to be $\Delta_R(E)=(1.6\pm1.6)\times10^{-4}{E}/{\rm MeV}$ assuming a conservative 100\% uncertainty. The effect is positive-definite and can be observed if a high-precision measur…

PhysicsNuclear TheorySpectrum (functional analysis)General Physics and AstronomyPositive-definite matrixInterference (wave propagation)01 natural sciencesBeta decaySpectral lineNuclear physicsDistortion (mathematics)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyPositronDispersion relation0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsNuclear Experiment
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